Battery

Abstract

A battery includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, in which the first electrode includes a current collector and an active material layer disposed between the current collector and the solid electrolyte layer, and the active material layer contains Bi as a main component of an active material.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A battery comprising:
 a first electrode;   a second electrode; and   a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode,   wherein the first electrode includes a current collector and an active material layer disposed between the current collector and the solid electrolyte layer, and   the active material layer contains Bi as a main component of an active material.   
     
     
         2 . The battery according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein the solid electrolyte layer contains a halide solid electrolyte, and   the halide solid electrolyte does not contain sulfur.   
     
     
         3 . The battery according to  claim 2 ,
 wherein the halide solid electrolyte is a compound composed of Li, M1, and X1,   where M1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of metal elements other than Li and metalloids, and   X1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I.   
     
     
         4 . The battery according to  claim 3 ,
 wherein M1 contains Y, and   X1 contains Cl and Br.   
     
     
         5 . The battery according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein the solid electrolyte layer contains a sulfide solid electrolyte.   
     
     
         6 . The battery according to  claim 5 ,
 wherein the solid electrolyte layer consists essentially of a sulfide solid electrolyte.   
     
     
         7 . The battery according to  claim 5 ,
 wherein the sulfide solid electrolyte has an argyrodite crystal structure.   
     
     
         8 . The battery according to  claim 5 ,
 wherein the sulfide solid electrolyte is represented by a compositional formula Li 7-a AS 6-a X2 a ,   where A is at least one selected from the group consisting of P and As, X2 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I, and a satisfies 0≤a≤1.   
     
     
         9 . The battery according to  claim 5 ,
 wherein the sulfide solid electrolyte is represented by a compositional formula Li 6 PS 5 Cl.   
     
     
         10 . The battery according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein a density of the active material is greater than or equal to 6.0 g/cm 3  and less than or equal to 9.8 g/cm 3 ,   where, when the first electrode is a negative electrode, the density of the active material is the density of the active material in the battery in a fully discharged state, and when the first electrode is a positive electrode, the density of the active material is the density of the active material in the battery in a fully charged state.   
     
     
         11 . The battery according to  claim 10 ,
 wherein the density of the active material is greater than or equal to 7.5 g/cm 3  and less than or equal to 9.8 g/cm 3 .   
     
     
         12 . The battery according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein, in an X-ray diffraction pattern of the active material layer obtained by surface X-ray diffraction measurement using Cu-Kα radiation, I(2)/I(1) is greater than or equal to 0.29, where I(2)/I(1) is a ratio of a height intensity I(2) of a maximum peak present in a diffraction angle 2θ range of from 37° to 39° to a height intensity I(1) of a maximum peak present in a diffraction angle 2θ range of from 26° to 28°.   
     
     
         13 . The battery according to  claim 12 ,
 wherein I(2)/I(1) is less than or equal to 0.57.   
     
     
         14 . The battery according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein the active material layer contains elemental Bi.   
     
     
         15 . The battery according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein the active material layer contains at least one selected from the group consisting of LiBi and Li 3 Bi.   
     
     
         16 . The battery according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein the active material layer contains only elemental Bi as the active material.   
     
     
         17 . The battery according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein the active material layer does not contain an electrolyte.   
     
     
         18 . The battery according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein the current collector contains Cu.   
     
     
         19 . The battery according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein the active material layer is a plating layer.   
     
     
         20 . The battery according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein the first electrode is a negative electrode, and   the second electrode is a positive electrode.   
     
     
         21 . The battery according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein the second electrode contains a compound represented by compositional formula (1) below:
   LiNi x Me 1-x O 2   (1)
 
   where x satisfies 0<x≤1, and Me is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, and Al.   
     
     
         22 . The battery according to  claim 21 ,
 wherein x satisfies 0.5≤x≤1.