Suction Dredger for Use on Underwater Hard Soil Layer

Abstract

The present application relates to a suction dredger for use on an underwater hard soil layer and relates to the technical field of bridge construction equipment. The present suction dredger includes a mud suctioning mechanism, a mud-breaking mechanism, and a blockage-prevention assembly. The mud suctioning mechanism includes a pressurizing assembly and a suction dredging pipe. The suction dredging pipe passes through the pressurizing assembly and the two ends thereof at least partially extend past the pressurizing assembly. The side wall of the section of the suction dredging pipe located in the pressurizing assembly is provided with multiple pressurization holes that are inclined upward in the direction from the outer wall to the inner wall. The pressurizing assembly is used for, via the pressurization holes, forming low pressure in the suction dredging pipe. The mud-breaking mechanism includes at least two mud-breaking assemblies. The mud-breaking assemblies are provided on the bottom of the mud suctioning mechanism and are used for crushing the underwater hard soil layer to assist the suction dredging pipe in suctioning mud. The blockage-prevention assembly is provided on the bottom of the suction dredging pipe. The blockage-prevention assembly is used for preventing the suction dredging pipe from experiencing blockages during the suction process. The suction dredger for use on an underwater soil layer provided in the present application solves the problem in the prior art that when a suction dredger works on an underwater hard soil layer, suction results are poor and blockages are common.

1 . A suction dredger for use on an underwater hard soil layer, comprising:
 a mud suctioning mechanism, which comprises a pressurizing assembly and a suction dredging pipe ( 10 ), the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ) is inserted in the pressurizing assembly and two ends thereof at least partially extend out of the pressurizing assembly, a side wall of a pipe section of the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ) located in the pressurizing assembly is provided with a plurality of pressurization holes ( 11 ) that are inclined upward in the direction from the outer wall to the inner wall, and the pressurizing assembly is configured to discharge mud water mixtures in the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ) by means of the pressurization holes ( 11 );   a mud-breaking mechanism, which comprises at least two mud-breaking assemblies ( 20 ), the mud-breaking assemblies ( 20 ) are arranged on the bottom of the mud suctioning mechanism and are configured to crush the underwater hard soil layer to assist the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ) in suctioning mud; and   a blockage-prevention assembly ( 3 ), which is arranged on the bottom of the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ), and the blockage-prevention assembly ( 3 ) is configured to prevent the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ) from experiencing blockages during a suction process.   
     
     
         2 . The suction dredger for use on the underwater hard soil layer according to  claim 1 , wherein the pressurizing assembly comprises:
 an air collecting box ( 12 ), which comprises an air collecting cavity, and the air collecting box ( 12 ) is configured such that the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ) is inserted in the air collecting box ( 12 ) and the pressurization holes ( 11 ) located on the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ) all communicate with the air collecting cavity; and   a high-pressure air pump, which is arranged above the air collecting box ( 12 ), and is connected with the top of the air collecting box ( 12 ) through a pipeline, and communicates with the air collecting cavity, and the high-pressure air pump is configured to inject air with a high flow rate into the air collecting cavity to discharge the mud water mixtures in the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ).   
     
     
         3 . The suction dredger for use on the underwater hard soil layer according to  claim 2 , wherein the mud-breaking mechanism comprises:
 a diversion pipe ( 21 ), which is arranged in the air collecting cavity, at least two water outlets are arranged on a pipe section of the diversion pipe ( 21 ) at intervals, and each of the water outlets is connected with one of the mud-breaking assemblies ( 20 ); and   a high-pressure water pump, which is arranged above the air collecting box ( 12 ), and is connected with one end of the diversion pipe ( 21 ) through a pipeline.   
     
     
         4 . The suction dredger for use on the underwater hard soil layer according to  claim 3 , wherein the mud-breaking assembly ( 20 ) comprises a water jet pipe ( 22 ) and a nozzle ( 23 ) arranged at an end of the water jet pipe ( 22 ), the water jet pipe ( 22 ) communicates with the corresponding water outlet, a connection between the water jet pipe ( 22 ) and the water outlet is also provided with a rotating part, the rotating part is connected with a driving motor, and the driving motor is configured to drive the rotating part to rotate to adjust an angle of the water jet pipe ( 22 ). 
     
     
         5 . The suction dredger for use on the underwater hard soil layer according to  claim 1 , wherein the blockage-prevention assembly ( 3 ) is detachably clamped with the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ), one end of the blockage-prevention assembly ( 3 ) away from the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ) is in a serrated shape, and a grating in the shape of a well is arranged in the blockage-prevention assembly ( 3 ). 
     
     
         6 . The suction dredger for use on the underwater hard soil layer according to  claim 1 , wherein the blockage-prevention assembly ( 3 ) comprises a connecting head and at least three curved blockage-prevention parts, the connecting head is annular and rotatably connected with the bottom of the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ), one end of all the curved blockage-prevention parts are arranged on the connecting head at intervals, and the bottom of the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ) is within a vertical projection area of all the curved blockage-prevention parts, and a plurality of blockage-prevention heads are arranged on both sides of each of the curved blockage-prevention parts at intervals. 
     
     
         7 . The suction dredger for use on the underwater hard soil layer according to  claim 1 , wherein an included angle between the pressurization hole ( 11 ) and a horizontal plane is not less than 45°. 
     
     
         8 . The suction dredger for use on the underwater hard soil layer according to  claim 2 , wherein the top of the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ) is also connected with a mud discharge pipe ( 13 ), the mud discharge pipe ( 13 ) is L-shaped, and a corner thereof is arc-shaped. 
     
     
         9 . The suction dredger for use on the underwater hard soil layer according to  claim 8 , the suction dredging pipe ( 10 ) and the mud discharge pipe ( 13 ) are connected by means of a connecting flange, and the air collecting box ( 12 ) is also connected with a pipeline located at the top thereof by means of a connecting flange. 
     
     
         10 . The suction dredger for use on the underwater hard soil layer according to  claim 1 , wherein the number of the mud-breaking assemblies ( 20 ) is 4 to 8.