Deuterated caffeine and uses thereof

Abstract

Provided herein are compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions, nutraceutical compositions, foods, beverages, cosmetic compositions, diet supplements) comprising deuterated caffeine. The provided compositions may be useful for treating and/or preventing various diseases and conditions, such as obesity, causing weight loss, increasing metabolic rate, reducing appetite, increasing energy expenditure, increasing urine output, increasing sodium excretion, reducing edema, a pain disorder, apnea, hypotension, an encephalopathy, a neurological or psychiatric disorder, and an inflammatory disorder.

1 - 2 . (canceled) 
     
     
         3 . A cosmetic composition comprising a compound of Formula (I): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or an acceptable salt thereof;
 wherein each Y is independently hydrogen or deuterium; and 
 at least one Y is deuterium. 
 
       
     
     
         4 . (canceled) 
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 3 , wherein the composition is suitable for administration by injection, absorption, or implantation. 
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 3 , wherein the composition is suitable for topical administration. 
     
     
         7 - 14 . (canceled) 
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 3 , wherein at least three instances of Y are deuterium. 
     
     
         16 - 20 . (canceled) 
     
     
         21 . The composition of  claim 3 , wherein nine instances of Y are deuterium. 
     
     
         22 . The composition of  claim 3 , wherein each Y is deuterium. 
     
     
         23 - 30 . (canceled) 
     
     
         31 . The composition of  claim 3 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         or a pharmaceutically or nutraceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
       
     
     
         32 . The composition of  claim 3 , wherein the compound is 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       or a pharmaceutically or nutraceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
     
     
         33 . The composition of  claim 3 , wherein the compound is 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       or a pharmaceutically or nutraceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
     
     
         34 . The composition of  claim 3 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         35 . The composition of  claim 3 , wherein the compound is 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         36 . The composition of  claim 3 , further comprising a pharmaceutically or nutraceutically acceptable carrier. 
     
     
         37 . (canceled) 
     
     
         38 . The composition of  claim 6 , wherein the topical composition is a shampoo, conditioner, cream, foam, gel, lotion, ointment, transdermal patch, tincture, or paste. 
     
     
         39 . (canceled) 
     
     
         40 . The composition of  claim 3 , further comprising an additional agent. 
     
     
         41 - 49 . (canceled) 
     
     
         50 . The composition of  claim 3 , wherein the composition comprises about 1 mg to about 10,000 mg of the compound of Formula (I), or a salt thereof. 
     
     
         51 . The composition of  claim 50 , wherein the composition comprises about 1 mg to about 1,000 mg of the compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically or nutraceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
     
     
         52 . The composition of  claim 50 , wherein the composition comprises about 1 mg to about 100 mg of the compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically or nutraceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
     
     
         53 . The composition of  claim 3 , wherein the composition comprises about 1 mg/ml to about 100 mg/ml of the compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically or nutraceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
     
     
         54 . The composition of  claim 53 , wherein the composition comprises about 1 mg/ml to about 50 mg/ml of the compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically or nutraceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
     
     
         55 . The composition of  claim 53 , wherein the composition comprises about 5 mg/ml to about 15 mg/ml of the compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically or nutraceutically acceptable salt thereof. 
     
     
         56 - 140 . (canceled)