Electrochemical Equipment and System thereof for Reduction of Carbon Dioxide

Abstract

An electrochemical equipment and system thereof for reduction of carbon dioxide is provided with cathode compartment, catholyte compartment, anode compartment, anolyte chamber, and isolation unit.

1 . An electrochemical equipment and system thereof for reducing carbon dioxide, comprising:
 a cathode chamber, comprising a cathode gas input port and a cathode gas output port, wherein a carbon dioxide gas feed entering into said cathode chamber from said cathode gas input port, a mixed gas with a carbon dioxide reduction product leaving out said cathode chamber from said cathode gas output port;   a cathode electrolyte chamber, allowing said cathode electrolyte to pass or stay, wherein said cathode electrode being arranged between said cathode chamber and said cathode electrolyte chamber, said cathode electrode reducing said carbon dioxide gas feed to form a mixed liquid with said carbon dioxide reduction product, said cathode electrolyte chamber is adjacent to said cathode chamber with a cathode electrode;   an isolation unit; and   an anode chamber, said isolation unit separating said anode chamber and said cathode electrolyte chamber, said anode chamber including an anode input port, an anode output port and an anode electrode, said anode chamber being attached to said isolation unit with said anode electrode, and said isolation unit being attached to said cathode electrolyte chamber, wherein said anode feed entering into said anode chamber from said anode input port to contact said anode electrode, said anode feed being liquid, and an anode discharge exits out said anode chamber from said anode output port.   
     
     
         2 . An electrochemical equipment and system thereof for reducing carbon dioxide comprising:
 a cathode chamber, comprising a cathode gas input port, and a cathode gas output port, wherein said carbon dioxide gas feed entering into said cathode chamber from said cathode gas input port, a mixed gas with a carbon dioxide reduction product leaving out said cathode chamber from said cathode gas output port;   a cathode electrolyte chamber, allowing said cathode electrolyte to pass or stay, wherein said cathode electrode being arranged between said cathode chamber and said cathode electrolyte chamber, said cathode electrode reducing said carbon dioxide gas feed to form a mixed gas with said carbon dioxide reduction product, said cathode electrolyte chamber being adjacent to said cathode chamber with said cathode electrode;   an isolation unit;   an anode electrolyte chamber, said isolation unit separating into said anode electrolyte chamber and said cathode electrolyte chamber, said anode electrolyte chamber having an anode electrolyte input port and an anode electrolyte output port, wherein said anode electrolyte feed entering into said anode electrolyte chamber from said anode electrolyte input port, and said anode electrolyte discharge leaving out said anode electrolyte chamber from said anode electrolyte output port; and   an anode chamber, comprising an anode input port, an anode output port, and an anode electrode, said anode electrode being arranged between said anode chamber and said anode electrolyte chamber, and said anode electrolyte chamber being interposed between said isolation unit and said anode electrode, wherein said anode feed entering into said anode chamber from said anode input port to contact said anode electrode, said anode feed being gas, and said anode output exits out said anode chamber from said anode output port.   
     
     
         3 . The equipment according to  claim 1 , wherein said isolation unit is selected from the group of a porous ceramic, a bipolar membrane, an anion semipermeable membrane, and a cation semipermeable membrane. 
     
     
         4 . The equipment according to  claim 1 , further comprises a catalyst disposed on said cathode electrode and at least one of said anode electrode, wherein said catalyst is selected from the group consisting of metal, metal compound, alloy, carbon compound containing heteroatoms, and containing at least one metal heterocyclic compound, and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         5 . The equipment according to  claim 4 , wherein said metal is selected from the group of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, tin, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, iridium, platinum, gold, aluminum, indium, titanium, lead, bismuth, antimony, tellurium, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         6 . The equipment according to  claim 4 , wherein said metal compound is selected from the group consisting of metal halides, metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal sulfides, metal nitrides, and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         7 . The equipment according to  claim 4 , wherein said carbon compound of at least one of said heteroatom-containing and metal-containing heterocyclic compound is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen-containing, sulfur-containing graphite, graphene, carbon tube, and metal atoms. 
     
     
         8 . The equipment according to  claim 1 , wherein said mixed gas having said carbon dioxide reduction products is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, ethane, ethylene, and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         9 . The equipment according to  claim 1 , said anode feed comprises an anode reactant and an anode electrolyte, wherein the anode electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium bromide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, lithium hydroxide, lithium bromide, lithium bicarbonate, lithium sulfate, lithium phosphate, lithium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydroxide, potassium bromide, potassium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate, potassium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, urea, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, and aqueous solutions of comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         10 . The equipment according to  claim 9 , wherein said anode discharge comprises an anode product and said anode electrolyte, wherein said anode product is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, chlorine, and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         11 . The equipment according to  claim 2 , wherein the anode electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium bromide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, lithium hydroxide, lithium bromide, lithium bicarbonate, lithium sulfate, lithium phosphate, lithium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydroxide, potassium bromide, potassium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate, potassium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, urea, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, and aqueous solutions of comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         12 . The equipment according to  claim 2 , wherein the anode discharge is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, chlorine, and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         13 . The equipment according to  claim 2 , said anode electrolyte chamber allows said anode electrolyte to pass through or said solid-state electrolyte is disposed therein, wherein said anode electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium bromide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, lithium hydroxide, lithium bromide, lithium bicarbonate, lithium sulfate, lithium phosphate, lithium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydroxide, potassium bromide, potassium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate, potassium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, urea, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, and aqueous solutions of comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         14 . The equipment according to  claim 1 , the cathode electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of a cathode electrolyte and a solid-state electrolyte, wherein said cathode electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium bromide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, lithium hydroxide, lithium bromide, lithium bicarbonate, lithium sulfate, lithium phosphate, lithium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydroxide, potassium bromide, potassium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate, potassium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, and electrolytes in comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         15 . The equipment according to  claim 14 , wherein said solid-state electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of polymer solid-state electrolytes, inorganic solid-state electrolytes, organic and inorganic composite solid-state electrolytes, colloidal electrolytes, and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         16 . The equipment according to  claim 1 , wherein said cathode electrode comprises a gas diffusion electrode. 
     
     
         17 . The equipment according to  claim 1 , wherein at least one of said cathode electrode and said anode electrode is a porous electrode, and one material of said porous electrode is selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene and conductive materials mixed with conductors, conductive polymer, porous carbon material, and porous metal material, wherein a metal being modified on said porous material by a chemical deposition method, a physical deposition method, an electroplating method, and a chemical plating method to become said porous metal material, and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         18 . The equipment according to  claim 17 , wherein said metal is selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, tin, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, iridium, platinum, gold, aluminum, indium, titanium, lead, bismuth, antimony, tellurium, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         19 . The equipment according to  claim 1 , comprises a plurality of electrochemical equipment for reducing carbon dioxide connected to each other in series connection or in parallel connection, or comninations of at least any two in series connection and in parallel connection. 
     
     
         20 . The equipment according to  claim 2 , wherein said isolation unit is selected from the group of a porous ceramic, a bipolar membrane, an anion semipermeable membrane, and a cation semipermeable membrane. 
     
     
         21 . The equipment according to  claim 2 , further comprises a catalyst disposed on said cathode electrode and at least one of said anode electrode, wherein said catalyst is selected from the group consisting of metal, metal compound, alloy, carbon compound containing heteroatoms, and containing at least one metal heterocyclic compound, and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         22 . The equipment according to  claim 23 , wherein said metal is selected from the group of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, tin, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, iridium, platinum, gold, aluminum, indium, titanium, lead, bismuth, antimony, tellurium, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         23 . The equipment according to  claim 23 , wherein said metal compound is selected from the group consisting of metal halides, metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal sulfides, metal nitrides, and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         24 . The equipment according to  claim 23 , wherein said carbon compound of at least one of said heteroatom-containing and metal-containing heterocyclic compound is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen-containing, sulfur-containing graphite, graphene, carbon tube, and metal atoms. 
     
     
         25 . The equipment according to  claim 2 , wherein said mixed gas having said carbon dioxide reduction products is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, ethane, ethylene, and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         26 . The equipment according to  claim 2 , the cathode electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of a cathode electrolyte and a solid-state electrolyte, wherein said cathode electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium bromide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, lithium hydroxide, lithium bromide, lithium bicarbonate, lithium sulfate, lithium phosphate, lithium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydroxide, potassium bromide, potassium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate, potassium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, and electrolytes in comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         27 . The equipment according to  claim 26  wherein said solid-state electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of polymer solid-state electrolytes, inorganic solid-state electrolytes, organic and inorganic composite solid-state electrolytes, colloidal electrolytes, and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         28 . The equipment according to  claim 2 , wherein said cathode electrode comprises a gas diffusion electrode. 
     
     
         29 . The equipment according to  claim 2 , wherein at least one of said cathode electrode and said anode electrode is a porous electrode, and one material of said porous electrode is selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene and conductive materials mixed with conductors, conductive polymer, porous carbon material, and porous metal material, wherein a metal being modified on said porous material by a chemical deposition method, a physical deposition method, an electroplating method, and a chemical plating method to become said porous metal material, and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         30 . The equipment according to  claim 29 , wherein said metal is selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, tin, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, iridium, platinum, gold, aluminum, indium, titanium, lead, bismuth, antimony, tellurium, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, and comninations of at least any two of foregoing substances. 
     
     
         31 . The equipment according to  claim 2 , comprises a plurality of electrochemical equipment for reducing carbon dioxide connected to each other in series connection or in parallel connection, or comninations of at least any two in series connection and in parallel connection.