High-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing al-mg-si alloy

Abstract

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy materials, and in particular relates to a high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy. The Al—Mg—Si alloy of the present disclosure comprises Mg 0.40-1.00%, Si 0.50-0.90%, Mn≤0.60%, Cr≤0.30%, Fe≤0.25%, Al 96.8-99.1% in percentage by mass, wherein Si free =Si—0.3×(Mn+Fe+Cr), a mass ratio of Mg/Si free is 0.72-1.40, and a percentage by mass of Mg+2Si free is 1.40%-2.40%. The aluminum alloy not only has excellent conventional mechanical properties, but also has good bending toughness and outstanding crushing and impact-resistant energy-absorbing properties.

1 . A high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy, characterized in that the Al—Mg—Si alloy comprises Mg 0.40-1.00%, Si 0.50-0.90%, Mn≤0.60%, Cr≤0.30%, Fe≤0.25%, Al 96.8-99.1% in percentage by mass, wherein Sifree=Si—0.3×(Mn+Fe+Cr), a mass ratio of Mg/Sifree is 0.72-1.40, and a percentage by mass of Mg+2Sifree is 1.40%-2.40%. 
     
     
         2 . The high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 1 , characterized in that a percentage by mass of Mn+2Cr is 0.40%-1.0% of the Al—Mg—Si alloy. 
     
     
         3 . The high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 1 , characterized in that a percentage by mass of Cr is 0.10-0.20% of the Al—Mg—Si alloy. 
     
     
         4 . The high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the Al—Mg—Si alloy further comprises V, V≤0.20% in percentage by mass. 
     
     
         5 . The high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 4 , characterized in that a percentage by mass of V is 0.05-0.15%. 
     
     
         6 . The high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the Al—Mg—Si alloy further comprises Cu, Cu≤0.25% in percentage by mass. 
     
     
         7 . The high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 6 , characterized in that the Al—Mg—Si alloy further comprises Ti, Ti≤0.10% in percentage by mass. 
     
     
         8 . The high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the other unavoidable impurity elements in the Al—Mg—Si alloy are each ≤0.05%, and in total≤0.15%. 
     
     
         9 . The high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the Al—Mg—Si alloy has a multilayer structure of “macrocrystalline layer/fibrous tissue/macrocrystalline layer”, and a thickness of a single-sided macrocrystalline layer≤0.3× wall thickness. 
     
     
         10 . A method for processing the high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the method for processing the Al—Mg—Si alloy comprises an ageing treatment, the ageing treatment being a T6 treatment or a T7 treatment 
     
     
         11 . The high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 2 , characterized in that a percentage by mass of Cr is 0.10-0.20% of the Al—Mg—Si alloy. 
     
     
         12 . The high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 2 , characterized in that the Al—Mg—Si alloy further comprises V, V≤0.20% in percentage by mass. 
     
     
         13 . The high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 5 , characterized in that the Al—Mg—Si alloy further comprises Cu, Cu≤0.25% in percentage by mass. 
     
     
         14 . The high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 2 , characterized in that the other unavoidable impurity elements in the Al—Mg—Si alloy are each ≤0.05%, and in total≤0.15%. 
     
     
         15 . The high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 5 , characterized in that the other unavoidable impurity elements in the Al—Mg—Si alloy are each ≤0.05%, and in total≤0.15%. 
     
     
         16 . The high-strength and high-toughness impact-resistant energy-absorbing Al—Mg—Si alloy according to  claim 7 , characterized in that the other unavoidable impurity elements in the Al—Mg—Si alloy are each ≤0.05%, and in total≤0.15%.