Fuel additives for lowering deposit and particulate emission

Abstract

A fuel composition is described. The composition contains a hydrocarbon-based fuel boiling in the gasoline or diesel range; a carrier fluid comprising an alkyl polyethoxylate having the following structure: where each R 2 and R 3 is independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 hydrocarbyl group, or C 1 -C 3 alcohol, where R 1 is C 4 -C 100 hydrocarbyl group, carboxyl group, ether group, thioether group, or aromatic group, wherein x is from 1 to 20, or a hydrocarbyl phenol having the following structure wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group from C 4 -C 100 ; an amine-based detergent given by formula 2, R 4 —O—(CH 2 ) y —NHR 5 , where the amine-based detergent is present in about 10 ppm to about 750 ppm by weight based on total weight of the fuel composition; where R 4 is a hydrocarbyl group having 8 to 20 carbons, R 5 is hydrogen or (CH 2 ) z NH 2 moiety, and where y, z are independently integers having a value of 2 or greater; and one or more nitrogen-containing detergent.

1 . A fuel composition comprising:
 i) a hydrocarbon-based fuel boiling in the gasoline or diesel range;   ii) a carrier fluid comprising an alkyl polyethoxylate having the following structure:   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein each R 2  and R 3  is independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 4  hydrocarbyl group, or C 1 -C 3  alcohol, wherein R 1  is C 4 -C 100  hydrocarbyl group, carboxyl group, ether group, thioether group, or aromatic group, wherein x is from 1 to 20;
 or a hydrocarbyl phenol having the following structure: 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group from C 4 -C 100 ;
 iii) an amine-based detergent having the following formula,
   R 4 —O—(CH 2 ) y —NHR 5 ,
 
 
 
       wherein the amine-based detergent is present in about 10 ppm to about 750 ppm by weight based on total weight of the fuel composition; wherein R 4  is a hydrocarbyl group having 8 to 20 carbons, R 5  is hydrogen or (CH 2 ) z NH 2  moiety, and wherein y, z are independently integers having a value of 2 or greater; and
 iv) one or more nitrogen-containing detergent. 
 
     
     
         2 . The fuel composition of  claim 1 , wherein the carboxyl group is a carboxylic acid, ester, amide, or ketone. 
     
     
         3 . The fuel composition of  claim 1 , wherein the C 1 -C 3  alcohol has a structure represented by
   —[CH 2 ] w —OH
   
       wherein w is 1 to 3. 
     
     
         4 . The fuel composition of  claim 1 , wherein the alkyl polyethoxylate is represented by the following structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein each R 22  and R 23  is independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 4  hydrocarbyl group, or C 1 -C 3  alcohol; wherein p is from 1 to 20, q is from 1 to 3, s is from 1 to 3, wherein q+s<6; and R 21  is C 1 -C 100  hydrocarbyl group, carboxyl group, ether group, thioether group, amino alkyl group, or hydroxyl group. 
     
     
         5 . The fuel composition of  claim 1 , wherein the fuel composition comprises about 50 ppmw to about 2000 ppmw of the carrier fluid. 
     
     
         6 . The fuel composition of  claim 1 , wherein the fuel composition comprises about 100 ppmw to 750 ppmw of the amine-based detergent. 
     
     
         7 . A method for controlling carbon deposits in an internal combustion engine comprising:
 providing a fuel in the internal combustion engine, wherein the fuel comprises:   i) a hydrocarbon-based fuel boiling in the gasoline or diesel range;   ii) a carrier fluid comprising an alkyl polyethoxylated having the following structure:   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein each R 2  and R 3  is independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 4  hydrocarbyl group, or C 1 -C 3  alcohol, wherein R 1  is C 4 -C 100  hydrocarbyl group, carboxyl group, ether group, thioether group, or aromatic group, wherein x is from 1 to 20,
 or a hydrocarbyl phenol having the following structure: 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group from C 4 -C 100 ;
 iii) an amine-based detergent having the following formula,
   R 4 —O—(CH 2 ) y —NHR 5 ,
 
 
 
       wherein the amine-based detergent is present in about 10 ppm to about 750 ppm by weight based on total weight of the fuel composition; wherein R 4  is a hydrocarbyl group having 8 to 20 carbons, R 5  is hydrogen or (CH 2 ) z NH 2  moiety, and wherein y, z are independently integers having a value of 2 or greater; and
 iv) one or more nitrogen-containing detergent. 
 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein the carboxyl group is a carboxylic acid, ester, amide, or ketone. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein the C 1 -C 3  alcohol has a structure represented by
   —[CH 2 ] w —OH
   
       wherein w is 1 to 3. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein the alkyl polyethoxylate is represented by the following structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein each R 22  and R 23  is independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 4  hydrocarbyl group, or C 1 -C 3  alcohol; wherein p is from 1 to 20, q is from 1 to 3, s is from 1 to 3, wherein q+s<6; and R 21  is C 1 -C 100  hydrocarbyl group, carboxyl group, ether group, thioether group, amino alkyl group, or hydroxyl group. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein the fuel composition comprises about 50 ppmw to about 2000 ppmw of the carrier fluid. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein the fuel composition comprises about 100 ppmw to 750 ppmw of the amine-based detergent. 
     
     
         13 . A concentrate composition comprising:
 about 30 to 90 wt % of an organic solvent boiling in a range of from 65° C. to 205° C. and;   about 10 to 70 wt % of a detergent mixture comprising:   i) a carrier fluid comprising an alkyl polyethoxylated having the following structure:   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein each R 2  and R 3  is independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 4  hydrocarbyl group, or C 1 -C 3  alcohol, wherein R 1  is C 4 -C 100  hydrocarbyl group, carboxyl group, ether group, thioether group, or aromatic group, wherein x is from 1 to 20,
 or a hydrocarbyl phenol having the following structure 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group from C 4 -C 100 ;
 ii) an amine-based detergent having the following formula,
   R 4 —O—(CH 2 ) y —NHR 5 ,
 
 
 
       wherein the amine-based detergent is present in about 10 ppm to about 750 ppm by weight based on total weight of the fuel composition; wherein R 4  is a hydrocarbyl group having 8 to 20 carbons, R 5  is hydrogen or (CH 2 ) z NH 2  moiety, and wherein y, z are independently integers having a value of 2 or greater; and
 iii) one or more nitrogen-containing detergent. 
 
     
     
         14 . The concentrate of  claim 13 , wherein the carboxyl group is a carboxylic acid, ester, amide, or ketone. 
     
     
         15 . The concentrate of  claim 13 , wherein the C 1 -C 3  alcohol has a structure represented by
   —[CH 2 ] w —OH
   
       wherein w is 1 to 3. 
     
     
         16 . The concentrate of  claim 13 , wherein the alkyl polyethoxylate is represented by formula 6, 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein each R 22  and R 23  is independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 4  hydrocarbyl group, or C 1 -C 3  alcohol; wherein p is from 1 to 20, q is from 1 to 3, s is from 1 to 3, wherein q+s<6; and R 21  is C 1 -C 100  hydrocarbyl group, carboxyl group, ether group, thioether group, amino alkyl group, or hydroxyl group.