Ventilation structure for bipv modules

Abstract

The present invention relates to a novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules, which comprises photovoltaic modules matched with a building wall, the back of the photovoltaic modules is installed on the facade of the building wall in parallel through a plurality of steel columns, a ventilation gap is formed between the photovoltaic modules and the building wall, an air inlet passage for forming a constricted air inlet is transversely inserted in the bottom of the ventilation gap, and an air outlet chimney as an air outlet is longitudinally inserted in the top of the ventilation gap. The air duct between the photovoltaic modules and the building wall is modified, the natural convection in the ventilation gap can be accelerated to a high wind speed level similar to that of forced convection without requiring any mechanical fan device, enhancing the ventilation cooling of the BIPV modules without increasing power consumption.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules, comprising photovoltaic modules ( 3 ) matched with a building wall ( 1 ), the back of the photovoltaic modules ( 3 ) being installed on the facade of the building wall ( 1 ) in parallel through a plurality of steel columns ( 5 ), and a ventilation gap ( 6 ) being formed between the photovoltaic modules ( 3 ) and the building wall ( 1 ), wherein an air inlet passage ( 8 ) for forming a constricted air inlet is transversely inserted in the bottom of the ventilation gap ( 6 ), and an air outlet chimney ( 11 ) as an air outlet is longitudinally inserted in the top of the ventilation gap. 
     
     
         2 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of  claim 1 , wherein the length L of the top surface of the air inlet passage ( 8 ) is 0.5 m to 2 m, and the height H of an opening ( 9 ) of the air inlet passage ( 8 ) is 0.2 m to 0.8 m; the width of the ventilation gap ( 6 ) is less than 0.08 m, and the ratio of the height of the opening ( 9 ) of the air inlet passage ( 8 ) to the width of the ventilation gap ( 6 ) is 2.5 to 10. 
     
     
         3 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of  claim 1 , wherein the air inlet passage ( 8 ) is designed as a parallel structure. 
     
     
         4 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of  claim 1 , wherein the bottom surface of the air inlet passage ( 8 ) makes an included angle of 20° to 70° with the ground ( 4 ) at the bottom of the building wall ( 1 ). 
     
     
         5 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of  claim 4 , wherein the end surface at the opening ( 9 ) of the air inlet passage ( 8 ) is sealed with an air inlet grille ( 10 ), which is provided with a plurality of through holes distributed in an array, and the longitudinal section of each through hole is of a flared structure and constricted inward. 
     
     
         6 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of  claim 1 , wherein an air outlet passage ( 12 ) of the air outlet chimney ( 11 ) adopts an enlarged air outlet design, and the longitudinal section of the air outlet passage ( 12 ) is of a flared structure and constricted inward. 
     
     
         7 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of  claim 1 , wherein the air outlet passage ( 12 ) of the air outlet chimney ( 11 ) adopts a half-enlarged air outlet design, and the longitudinal section of the air outlet passage ( 12 ) is of a half-flared structure and constricted inward. 
     
     
         8 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of  claim 6  wherein a chimney hood ( 14 ) which is of a conical structure is suspended over the top opening of the air outlet passage ( 12 ) through supports ( 13 ). 
     
     
         9 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of  claim 7 , wherein a chimney hood ( 14 ) which is of a conical structure is suspended over the top opening of the air outlet passage ( 12 ) through supports ( 13 ). 
     
     
         10 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of  claim 7 , wherein the height of the top surface of the inner straight wall of the air outlet passage ( 12 ) is greater than that of the top surface of the inner inclined wall of the air outlet passage. 
     
     
         11 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of  claim 4 , wherein a plurality of additional air inlets ( 15 ) capable of forming constricted air inlets are longitudinally and equidistantly arranged on the photovoltaic modules ( 3 ). 
     
     
         12 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of  claim 10 , wherein the distance between the adjacent additional air inlets ( 15 ) is 5 m to 8 m. 
     
     
         13 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of  claim 10 , wherein the length of the additional air inlet ( 15 ) is less than 0.1 m, the height of a port ( 16 ) of the additional air inlet ( 15 ) is 0.2 m to 0.4 m, and the ratio of the height of the port ( 16 ) of the additional air inlet ( 15 ) to the width of the ventilation gap ( 6 ) is 2.5 to 5. 
     
     
         14 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of  claim 10 , wherein the bottom edge of the inner port ( 16 ) of the additional air inlet ( 15 ) is provided with a wind deflector ( 17 ) inclined upward, the inclination angle of which is 20° to 70°. 
     
     
         15 . The novel ventilation structure for BIPV modules of  claim 1 , wherein the photovoltaic module ( 3 ) is any of a silicon solar module, a copper indium gallium selenide thin-film solar module, a cadmium telluride thin-film solar module, an organic photovoltaic thin-film solar module, a perovskite thin-film solar module, a dye-sensitized solar module, and an intrinsic heterojunction thin-film solar module.