Monitor-Centric Interpretation of Offset Pressure Monitoring Measurements

Abstract

A method for monitor-centric interpretation of offset pressure monitoring measurements includes simultaneously hydraulic fracturing treatment stages corresponding to treatment wells, measuring corresponding pressure data via pressure gauge(s) at monitor well(s), detecting pressure responses corresponding to fracture hits within the pressure data, and determining a reasonable velocity window for when a fracture originating from each treatment stage is likely to affect the pressure data. The method includes detecting treatment stage(s) that are likely to be the origin of each fracture hit based on the reasonable velocity window and, for each fracture hit that only has one likely originating treatment stage, assigning the detected fracture hit to such treatment stage. The method includes determining observation property data corresponding to the treatment stages that have been assigned to the fracture hits and iteratively assigning, based on such data, each unassigned fracture hit to one of the corresponding likely originating treatment stages.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method for monitor-centric interpretation of offset pressure monitoring measurements, comprising:
 simultaneously hydraulic fracturing treatment stages corresponding to multiple treatment wells within a vicinity of at least one monitor well;   measuring, via at least one pressure gauge positioned at the at least one monitor well, pressure data during the hydraulic fracturing of the treatment stages;   detecting, via a computing system, pressure responses corresponding to fracture hits within the pressure data;   determining a reasonable velocity window for when a hydraulic fracture originating from each treatment stage is likely to affect the pressure data measured at the at least one monitor well;   identifying at least one treatment stage that is likely to be the origin of each detected fracture hit based on the reasonable velocity window;   for each fracture hit that only has one treatment stage that is likely to be the origin, assigning the detected fracture hit to the treatment stage;   determining observation property data corresponding to at least a portion of the treatment stages that have been assigned to the fracture hits; and   iteratively assigning, based on the observation property data, each remaining, unassigned detected fracture hit to one of the corresponding treatment stages that is likely to be the origin and has not yet been assigned to one of the fracture hits.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , comprising executing the assignment of the fracture hits that only have one treatment stage that is likely to be the origin, the determination of the observation property data, and the iterative assignment of the remaining, unassigned detected fracture hits according to an iterative process comprising multiple loops that operate to assign the fracture hits in an order of easiest to assign to hardest to assign. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , comprising iteratively assigning each remaining, unassigned detected fracture hit to one of the corresponding treatment stages based on the observation property data by:
 executing a data-driven probabilistic clustering technique that determines a probability that the fracture hit originated from each treatment stage identified as likely to be the origin and not yet assigned to one of the fracture hits; and   assigning the fracture hit to one of the treatment stages only if a difference between a highest determined probability and a next highest determined probability is greater than 5%.   
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising, for at least one of the multiple treatment wells:
 detecting, based on the corresponding pressure response within the pressure data, wetted fracture dimensions for the fracture hits that are assigned to the treatment stages corresponding to the treatment well; and   adjusting a completion plan for the treatment well based on the determined wetted fracture dimensions and inferred conductive fracture dimensions.   
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , comprising determining the reasonable velocity windows by leveraging data from prior offset pressure monitoring experiments. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , comprising, prior to detecting the pressure responses corresponding to the fracture hits within the pressure data, preparing the measured pressure data by:
 smoothing the pressure data; and   computing a first derivative and a second derivative of the pressure data.   
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , comprising determining at least a portion of the observation property data for each of the at least the portion of the treatment stages that have been assigned to the fracture hits by determining at least one of:
 first data relating to a time interval during which the hydraulic fracturing of the treatment stage was performed;   second data relating to a distance between a respective monitor well and the treatment stage along an expected fracture azimuth; or   third data relating to a completion intensity for the treatment stage.   
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein the at least one of the first data, the second data, or the third data comprise at least one of:
 volume to first response (VFR) data;   time to first response (TFR) data;   VFR ratio data;   TFR ratio data;   fracture hit velocity data;   monitor well/treatment stage distance data; or   pressure response amplitude data.   
     
     
         9 . A hydrocarbon well system, comprising:
 multiple treatment wells;   at least one monitor well, comprising at least one pressure gauge that measures pressure data during the simultaneous hydraulic fracturing of treatment stages corresponding to the treatment wells; and   a computing system that is communicably coupled to the at least one monitor well, wherein the computing system comprises:
 a processor; and 
 a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium comprising program instructions that are executable by the processor to cause the processor to:
 detect pressure responses corresponding to fracture hits within the measured pressure data; 
 determine a reasonable velocity window for when a hydraulic fracture originating from each treatment stage is likely to affect the pressure data measured at the at least one monitor well; 
 identify at least one treatment stage that is likely to be the origin of each detected fracture hit based on the reasonable velocity windows; 
 for each fracture hit that only has one treatment stage that is likely to be the origin, assign the detected fracture hit to the treatment stage; 
 determine observation property data corresponding to at least a portion of the treatment stages that have been assigned to the fracture hits; and 
 iteratively assign, based on the observation property data, each remaining, unassigned detected fracture hit to one of the corresponding treatment stages that is likely to be the origin and has not yet been assigned to one of the fracture hits. 
 
   
     
     
         10 . The hydrocarbon well system of  claim 9 , wherein the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium comprises program instructions that are executable by the processor to cause the processor to execute the assignment of the fracture hits that only have one treatment stage that is likely to be the origin, the determination of the observation property data, and the iterative assignment of the remaining, unassigned detected fracture hits according to an iterative process comprising multiple loops that operate to assign the fracture hits in an order of easiest to assign to hardest to assign. 
     
     
         11 . The hydrocarbon well system of  claim 9 , wherein the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium comprises program instructions that are executable by the processor to cause the processor to iteratively assign each remaining, unassigned detected fracture hit to one of the corresponding treatment stages that are likely to be the origin based on the observation property data by:
 executing a data-driven probabilistic clustering technique that determines a probability that the fracture hit originated from each treatment stage identified as likely to be the origin and not yet assigned to one of the fracture hits; and   assigning the fracture hit to one of the treatment stages only if a difference between a highest determined probability and a next highest determined probability is greater than 5%.   
     
     
         12 . The hydrocarbon well system of  claim 9 , wherein the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium comprises program instructions that are executable by the processor to cause the processor to, for at least one of the multiple treatment wells:
 detect, based on the corresponding pressure response within the pressure data, wetted fracture dimensions for the fracture hits that are assigned to the treatment stages corresponding to the treatment well; and   adjust a completion plan for the treatment well based on the determined wetted fracture dimensions and inferred conductive fracture dimensions.   
     
     
         13 . The hydrocarbon well system of  claim 9 , wherein the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium comprises program instructions that are executable by the processor to cause the processor to determine the reasonable velocity windows by leveraging data from prior offset pressure monitoring experiments. 
     
     
         14 . The hydrocarbon well system of  claim 9 , wherein the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium comprises program instructions that are executable by the processor to cause the processor to, prior to the detection of the pressure responses corresponding to the fracture hits within the pressure data, prepare the measured pressure data by:
 smoothing the pressure data; and   computing a first derivative and a second derivative of the pressure data.   
     
     
         15 . The hydrocarbon well system of  claim 9 , wherein the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium comprises program instructions that are executable by the processor to cause the processor to determine at least a portion of the observation property data for each of the at least the portion of the treatment stages that have been assigned to the fracture hits by determining at least one of:
 first data relating to a time interval during which the hydraulic fracturing of the treatment stage was performed;   second data relating to a distance between a respective monitor well and the treatment stage along an expected fracture azimuth; or   third data relating to a completion intensity for the treatment stage.   
     
     
         16 . A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium comprising program instructions that are executable by a processor to cause the processor to:
 receive pressure data measured via at least one monitor well during simultaneous hydraulic fracturing of treatment stages corresponding to multiple treatment wells within a vicinity of the at least one monitor well;   detect pressure responses corresponding to fracture hits within the pressure data;   determine a reasonable velocity window for when a hydraulic fracture originating from each treatment stage is likely to affect the pressure data measured at the at least one monitor well;   identify at least one treatment stage that is likely to be the origin of each detected fracture hit based on the reasonable velocity windows;   for each fracture hit that only has one treatment stage that is likely to be the origin, assign the detected fracture hit to the treatment stage;   determine observation property data corresponding to at least a portion of the treatment stages that have been assigned to the fracture hits; and   iteratively assign, based on the observation property data, each remaining, unassigned detected fracture hit to one of the corresponding treatment stages that is likely to be the origin and has not yet been assigned to one of the fracture hits.   
     
     
         17 . The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of  claim 16 , comprising program instructions that are executable by the processor to cause the processor to execute the assignment of the fracture hits that only have one treatment stage that is likely to be the origin, the determination of the observation property data, and the iterative assignment of the remaining, unassigned detected fracture hits according to an iterative process comprising multiple loops that operate to assign the fracture hits in an order of easiest to assign to hardest to assign. 
     
     
         18 . The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of  claim 16 , comprising program instructions that are executable by the processor to cause the processor to iteratively assign each remaining, unassigned detected fracture hit to one of the corresponding treatment stages that are likely to be the origin based on the observation property data by:
 executing a data-driven probabilistic clustering technique that determines a probability that the fracture hit originated from each treatment stage identified as likely to be the origin and not yet assigned to one of the fracture hits; and   assigning the fracture hit to one of the treatment stages only if a difference between a highest determined probability and a next highest determined probability is greater than 5%.   
     
     
         19 . The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of  claim 16 , comprising program instructions that are executable by the processor to cause the processor to, for at least one of the multiple treatment wells:
 detect, based on the corresponding pressure response within the pressure data, wetted fracture dimensions for the fracture hits that are assigned to the treatment stages corresponding to the treatment well; and   adjust a completion plan for the treatment well based on the determined wetted fracture dimensions and inferred conductive fracture dimensions.   
     
     
         20 . The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of  claim 16 , comprising program instructions that are executable by the processor to cause the processor to determine at least a portion of the observation property data for each of the at least the portion of the treatment stages that have been assigned to the fracture hits by determining at least one of:
 first data relating to a time interval during which the hydraulic fracturing of the treatment stage was performed;   second data relating to a distance between a respective monitor well and the treatment stage along an expected fracture azimuth; or   third data relating to a completion intensity for the treatment stage.