Heat pump

Abstract

A heat pump ( 100 ) with an evaporator ( 50 ) for evaporating a fluid in order to obtain an evaporated fluid is described, the evaporator ( 50 ) having an evaporator sump ( 52 ); with a compressor having a first compressor stage ( 10 ) and a second compressor stage ( 20 ), the compressor being arranged in the flow direction of the evaporated fluid during operation of the heat pump ( 100 ) between the evaporator ( 50 ) and a condenser ( 60 ) and being designed to compress the evaporated fluid in order to obtain compressed fluid; and with a condenser ( 60 ) for condensing the compressed fluid; and with an intermediate cooler ( 40 ) which is connected to an intermediate cooling fluid supply line ( 3 ) and which has an operating element ( 42 ), the operating element ( 42 ) being arranged between the first compressor stage ( 10 ) and the second compressor stage ( 20 ) and being designed to bring about an interaction between an intermediate cooling fluid, which can be supplied through the intermediate cooling fluid supply line ( 3 ), and a heated vaporous fluid, which can be discharged from the first compressor stage ( 10 ), and wherein the intermediate cooling fluid supply line ( 3 ) extends from the evaporator sump ( 52 ) to the operating element ( 42 ). Furthermore, methods for operating and producing the heat pump are described.

1 . A heat pump having the following features:
 an evaporator for evaporating a fluid, in order to obtain evaporated fluid, wherein the evaporator comprises an evaporator sump;   a compressor having a first compressor stage and a second compressor stage, wherein the compressor is arranged in the flow direction of the evaporated fluid, during operation of the heat pump, between the evaporator and the condenser, and is configured to compress the evaporated fluid, in order to obtain compressed fluid; and   the condenser for condensing the compressed fluid; and   an intermediate cooler, which is connected to an intermediate cooling fluid feeding line and comprises an effect element, wherein the effect element is arranged between the first compressor stage and the second compressor stage and is configured to bring about an interaction between an intermediate cooling fluid which can be supplied via the intermediate cooling fluid feeding line, and a heated vaporous fluid that can be discharged from the first compressor stage, and wherein the intermediate cooling fluid feeding line extends from the evaporator sump to the effect element.   
     
     
         2 . The heat pump according to  claim 1 , wherein the intermediate cooling fluid feeding line extends through an opening in the evaporator sump, and wherein the opening of the intermediate cooling fluid feeding line is located below a fluid level of the fluid in the evaporator sump. 
     
     
         3 . The heat pump according to  claim 1 , wherein the intermediate cooler comprises an intermediate cooling sump, wherein proceeding from a base of the intermediate cooling sump a return line for returning fluid from the intermediate cooling sump into the evaporator sump extends into the evaporator sump, preferably laterally, in particular wherein the heated vaporous fluid that can be discharged from the first compressor stage, and the intermediate cooling fluid, are in each case withdrawn from the evaporator sump. 
     
     
         4 . The heat pump according to  claim 1 , wherein a further return line for returning fluid out of the condenser sump into the evaporator sump extends from the condenser sump directly into the evaporator sump, preferably laterally, in particular, wherein the return line and the further return line are fluidically separated from one another. 
     
     
         5 . The heat pump according to  claim 1 , wherein the intermediate cooling fluid feeding line is furthermore connected to at least one further intermediate cooler, wherein the further intermediate cooler is arranged in a vapour duct between the evaporator and the condenser, in particular, wherein the further intermediate cooler is arranged after an outlet of the first compressor stage. 
     
     
         6 . The heat pump according to  claim 3 , wherein the intermediate cooling sump is configured for collecting fluid that can flow through the intermediate cooling fluid feeding line, wherein the fluid can be supplied from the intermediate cooling sump to the evaporator sump via the return line, in particular, wherein the return line and the further return line each comprise an opening to the evaporator sump at spaced positions of the evaporator sump. 
     
     
         7 . The heat pump according to  claim 1 , wherein the intermediate cooling fluid feeding line or a motor cooling line is arranged from the evaporator sump to a motor cooling stage of the first compressor stage, in order to conduct fluid out of the evaporator sump to the motor cooling stage for cooling a motor assigned to one of the first compressor stage, in particular, wherein the intermediate cooling fluid feeding line or the motor cooling line extends from the evaporator sump via the motor cooling of the first compressor stage to the effect element, in order to conduct fluid out of the evaporator sump to the motor cooling, for cooling a motor assigned to one of the first compressor stage, and to the effect element. 
     
     
         8 . The heat pump according to  claim 1 , wherein a further motor cooling line is arranged from the evaporator sump to a further motor cooling stage of the second compressor stage, in order to conduct fluid out of the evaporator sump to the further motor cooling stage for cooling a motor assigned to one of the second compressor stage. 
     
     
         9 . The heat pump according to  claim 1 , wherein a ball bearing adapter line is arranged from the intermediate cooling sump to a ball bearing adapter which is assigned to the first compressor stage, in order to conduct fluid out of the intermediate cooling sump for cooling the at least one ball bearing adapter, in particular, wherein a compressor cooling channel is arranged from an outlet of the ball bearing adapter to the first compressor stage, in order to conduct fluid out of the ball bearing adapter to the first compressor stage, in order to sprinkle compressed fluid in the first compressor stage with the fluid from the ball bearing adapter. 
     
     
         10 . The heat pump according to  claim 1 , wherein at least one filling material for discharging heat is arranged in a region around the first compressor stage. 
     
     
         11 . The heat pump according to  claim 1 , wherein a still further intermediate cooler is arranged in the intermediate cooling fluid feeding line, in particular, wherein, due to the arrangement of the intermediate cooler, the further intermediate cooler and the still further intermediate cooler, the vapour in the intermediate cooling fluid feeding line passes, after emerging from the first compressor stage, first through the further intermediate cooler and subsequently through the still further intermediate cooler and/or the intermediate cooler. 
     
     
         12 . The heat pump according to  claim 5 , wherein the further intermediate cooler is configured as a heat exchanger which is configured as a pipeline and/or as a pipe bundle and has a pipe volume through which fluid from the evaporator sump flows, in order to allow for indirect cooling of the vapour. 
     
     
         13 . A method for operating a heat pump comprising an evaporator for evaporating a fluid, in order to obtain an evaporated fluid, wherein the evaporator comprises an evaporator sump; a compressor having a first compressor stage and a second compressor stage, wherein the compressor is arranged in the flow direction of the evaporated fluid, during operation of the heat pump, between the evaporator and a condenser, and is configured to compress the evaporated fluid, in order to obtain the compressed fluid; and the condenser for condensing the compressed fluid; and an intermediate cooler which is connected to an intermediate cooling fluid feeding line and comprises an effect element, wherein the effect element is arranged between the first compressor stage and the second compressor stage, wherein the method comprises:
 supplying intermediate cooling fluid from the evaporator sump into the effect element via the intermediate cooling fluid feeding line;   discharging a heated vaporous fluid through the first compressor stage;   causing the intermediate cooling fluid, which can be supplied via the intermediate cooling fluid feeding line, to interact with the heated vaporous fluid discharged from the first compressor stage, in order to cool the vaporous fluid.   
     
     
         14 . A method for producing a heat pump comprising an evaporator for evaporating a fluid, in order to obtain an evaporated fluid, wherein the evaporator comprises an evaporator sump; a compressor having a first compressor stage and a second compressor stage, wherein the compressor is arranged in the flow direction of the evaporated fluid, during operation of the heat pump, between the evaporator and a condenser, and is configured to compress the evaporated fluid, in order to obtain compressed fluid; and the condenser for condensing the compressed fluid; wherein the method comprises:
 arranging an intermediate cooler comprising an effect element between the first compressor stage and the second compressor stage;   connecting the intermediate cooler to an intermediate cooling fluid feeding line which extends from the evaporator sump to the effect element, in order to bring about, during operation of the heat pump, an interaction between an intermediate cooling fluid which can be supplied via the intermediate cooling fluid feeding line, and a heated vaporous fluid that can be discharged from the first compressor stage.