Safety device for an igntter. use of the safety device and method of acttvattng an igntter witit tiits safety devic e

Abstract

The invention relates to a safety device (1) for an igniter (2) comprising an ignition element (3), a rotation element (4) comprising a detonator charge (5), an axial safety (6) and a rotation safety (7), wherein the rotation element (4) can be held in a specific, first rotation element position (4.1) by means of the axial safety (6), wherein the rotation element can also be held in the specific, first rotation element position (4.1) by means of the rotation safety (7), wherein a wall (8) of the rotation element (4) protects the detonator charge (5) in the specific, first rotation element position (4.1), front ignition by the ignition element (3).

1 . Safety unit ( 1 ) for a detonator ( 2 ) comprising an ignition element ( 3 ), a rotation element ( 4 ) comprising a detonator charge ( 5 ), an axial safety device ( 6 ) and a rotation safety device ( 7 ), wherein the rotation element ( 4 ) can be held in a specific, first rotation element position ( 4 . 1 ) by means of the axial safety device ( 6 ), wherein the rotation element ( 4 ) can also be held in the specific, first rotation element position ( 4 . 1 ) by means of the rotation safety device ( 7 ), wherein the detonator charge ( 5 ) in the specific, first rotation element position ( 4 . 1 ) is protected by a wall ( 8 ) of the rotation element ( 4 ) from ignition by the ignition element ( 3 ), wherein the axial safety device ( 6 ) is designed to be released by an axial force, in particular by the axial acceleration force occurring when firing ammunition having the safety unit ( 1 ), wherein the rotation safety device ( 7 ) is designed to be released by a centrifugal force, in particular the centrifugal force occurring in spin-stabilized projectiles, wherein the axial safety device ( 6 ) and the rotation safety device ( 7 ) are designed to enable the movement of the rotation element ( 4 ) into a specific, second rotation element position ( 4 . 2 ) when both fuses ( 6 ,  7 ) are released at the same time, the detonator charge ( 5 ) being ignitable in the specific, second rotation element position ( 4 . 2 ) by means of the ignition element ( 3 ), characterized in that the axial fuse ( 6 ) is movable from an axial fuse holding position ( 6 . 1 ) into an axial fuse release position ( 6 . 2 ), the axial fuse ( 6 ) being in a secured state when the axial fuse ( 6 ) is arranged in the axial fuse holding position ( 6 . 1 ), wherein the axial lock ( 6 ) engages in a first holding region ( 4 . 3 ) of the rotary element ( 4 ) when the axial lock ( 6 ) is arranged in the axial lock release position ( 6 . 2 ), wherein the axial lock ( 6 ) has a deformable region ( 6 . 3 ), wherein after and/or during the deformation of the deformable region ( 6 . 3 ), a movement of the axial locking device ( 6 ) from the axial locking holding position ( 6 . 1 ) into the axial locking release position ( 6 . 2 ) is possible. 
     
     
         2 . The Safety unit ( 1 ) according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the rotation element ( 4 ) is substantially spherical. 
     
     
         3 . The Safety Unit ( 1 ) according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the deformable region ( 6 . 3 ) comprises an S-shaped metal band ( 6 . 4 ). 
     
     
         4 . The Securing unit ( 1 ) according to  claim 3 , characterized in that the rotation element ( 4 ), the axial securing device ( 6 ) and the rotation securing device ( 7 ) are arranged essentially in a closing body ( 9 ), wherein the closing body ( 9 ) has a groove ( 9 . 1 ), wherein the axial securing device ( 6 ) is arranged in the groove ( 9 . 1 ), wherein the groove ( 9 . 1 ) has a groove holding region ( 9 . 2 ) and a groove base ( 9 . 3 ), wherein the groove holding region ( 9 . 2 ) and the groove base ( 9 . 3 ) are arranged substantially perpendicular to one another, wherein a retaining edge ( 9 . 4 ) is formed between the groove base ( 9 . 3 ) and the groove holding region ( 9 . 2 ), wherein the axial securing device ( 6 ) has a base body ( 6 . 5 ), wherein the metal strip ( 6 . 4 ) is connected to the base body ( 6 ) or formed on the base body ( 6 ), wherein the base body ( 6 ) is guided in the groove ( 9 . 1 ), wherein the metal strip ( 6 . 4 ) rests at least partially on the groove holding area ( 9 . 2 ) in the axial securing holding position ( 6 . 1 ), wherein the metal band ( 6 . 4 ) is bendable by the axial force and a mass inertia of the axial lock ( 6 ), so that the base body ( 6 . 5 ) moves against the axial force in the groove ( 9 . 1 ) and the metal band ( 6 . 4 ) slides along the retaining edge ( 9 . 5 ), wherein the base body ( 6 . 5 ) contacts the groove base ( 9 . 3 ) in the axial lock release position ( 6 . 2 ). 
     
     
         5 . The Securing unit ( 1 ) according to  claim 3 , characterized in that the axial securing device ( 6 ) is connected in the region of the metal strip ( 6 . 4 ) to a closing body ( 9 ), in particular in the region of a groove ( 9 . 1 ) of the closing body ( 9 ). 
     
     
         6 . The unit ( 1 ) according to  claim 5 , characterized in that the axial securing device ( 6 ) has a nose ( 6 . 6 ), wherein the groove ( 9 . 1 ) has a release region ( 9 . 5 ), wherein the nose ( 6 . 6 ) of the axial lock ( 6 ) engages in the first holding region ( 4 . 3 ) of the rotary element ( 4 ) in the axial lock holding area ( 6 . 1 ), wherein the nose ( 6 . 6 ) of the axial lock ( 6 ) is arranged in the release region ( 9 . 5 ) of the groove ( 9 . 1 ) in the axial lock release position ( 6 . 2 ). 
     
     
         7 . The Securing unit ( 1 ) according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the rotation lock ( 7 ) has a blocking element ( 7 . 1 ), wherein the blocking element ( 7 . 1 ) is movable from a blocking element holding position ( 7 . 2 ) into a blocking element release position ( 7 . 3 ), wherein the rotation lock ( 7 ) is in a secured state when the blocking element ( 7 . 1 ) is arranged in the blocking element holding position ( 7 . 2 ), wherein the blocking element ( 7 . 1 ) engages in a second holding region ( 4 . 4 ) of the rotation element ( 4 ) when the rotation lock ( 7 ) is in the secured state, so that the rotation element ( 4 ) is held in the specific, first rotation element position ( 4 . 1 ) by means of the rotation lock ( 7 ), wherein the rotation lock ( 7 ) is in a released state when the blocking element ( 7 . 1 ) is arranged in the blocking element release position ( 7 . 3 ). 
     
     
         8 . The Safety unit ( 1 ) according to  claim 7 , characterized in that the rotation lock ( 7 ) has a delay unit ( 7 . 4 ), wherein the movement of the blocking element ( 7 . 1 ) from the blocking element holding position ( 7 . 2 ) to the blocking element release position ( 7 . 3 ) can be delayed in time by means of the delay unit ( 7 . 4 ). 
     
     
         9 . The Safety unit ( 1 ) according to  claim 8 , characterized in that the delay unit ( 7 . 4 ) has a band element ( 7 . 5 ), wherein the blocking element ( 7 . 1 ) is designed as a pin ( 7 . 6 ), wherein a movement of the pin ( 7 . 6 ) can be blocked by means of the band element ( 7 . 5 ) in a wound-up state, wherein the band element ( 7 . 5 ) can be unwound by centrifugal force, wherein in an unwound state of the band element ( 7 . 5 ) a movement of the pin ( 7 . 6 ) is possible, wherein the pin ( 7 . 6 ) can then be moved out of the rotation element ( 4 ) by centrifugal force, and thus the rotation lock ( 7 ) can be released. 
     
     
         10 . The Safety unit ( 1 ) according to  claim 8 , characterized in that the delay unit ( 7 . 4 ) has a rack and at least one gear, wherein the rack is coupled to the blocking element ( 7 . 1 ), wherein the rack and the at least one gear are in engagement with one another, wherein a force opposite to the centrifugal force can be applied to the blocking element ( 7 . 1 ) by means of the rack and the at least one gear, so that a movement of the blocking element ( 7 . 1 ) from the blocking element holding position ( 7 . 2 ) into the blocking element release position ( 7 . 3 ) can be continuously delayed. 
     
     
         11 . The Safety unit ( 1 ) according to  claim 8 , characterized in that the delay unit ( 7 . 4 ) has a first chamber and a second chamber, wherein a fluid can be moved from the first chamber into the second chamber by centrifugal force, wherein the blocking element ( 7 . 1 ) is movable from the blocking element holding position ( 7 . 2 ) into the blocking element release position ( 7 . 3 ) when the fluid is in the second chamber and/or wherein the movement of the fluid from the first chamber into the second chamber and the movement of the blocking element ( 7 . 1 ) from the blocking element holding position ( 7 . 2 ) into the blocking element releasing position ( 7 . 3 ) occur simultaneously. 
     
     
         12 . The Safety unit ( 1 ) according to  claim 8 , characterized in that the blocking element ( 7 . 1 ) can be locked by means of the delay unit ( 7 . 4 ), wherein the movement of the blocking element ( 7 . 1 ) by centrifugal force from the blocking element holding position ( 7 . 2 ) into the blocking element releasing position ( 7 . 3 ), namely out of the rotation element ( 4 ), is enabled by means of the delay unit ( 7 . 4 ) after a programmed time delay and/or after a delay based on parameters such as a flight speed, a spin speed and/or a pressure difference. 
     
     
         13 . The Securing unit ( 1 ) according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the rotation lock ( 7 ) and/or the axial lock ( 6 ) comprises a metallic and/or polymeric material. 
     
     
         14 . The use of the safety unit ( 1 ) according to  one of the preceding claims  in a base fuse, a head fuse and/or in an ammunition of caliber 12.7 mm or larger. 
     
     
         15 . A method for activating a detonator ( 2 ) of an ammunition with a safety unit ( 1 ) according to  claim 1 , comprising the sequential steps:
 a) Ignition of the ammunition propellant charge,   b) Releasing the axial lock ( 6 ) by at least partial plastic deformation of the axial lock ( 6 ),   c) Spin generation in the projectile of the ammunition up to a maximum rotation speed,   d) Release of the rotation lock ( 7 ), and   e) Moving the rotation element ( 4 ) from the first rotation element position ( 4 . 1 ) to the second rotation element position ( 4 . 2 ).