Sodium ion battery, battery module, battery pack and power consuming device

Abstract

The present application provides a sodium ion battery, comprising a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and an electrolyte. The negative electrode plate comprises a negative electrode current collector and a primer coating layer formed on the surface of the negative electrode current collector. The electrolyte comprises a first sodium salt, and the first sodium salt includes at least one of a sulfur-containing organic sodium salt and a boron-containing organic sodium salt, and the sodium ion battery satisfies the following relationship: 0.84≤Y−0.01X≤5.84, wherein X g/m2 is the areal density of the primer coating layer, and Y % is the mass content of the first sodium salt, based on the total mass of the electrolyte.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A sodium ion battery, comprising:
 a positive electrode plate,   a negative electrode plate comprising a negative electrode current collector and a primer coating layer formed on a surface of the negative electrode current collector, and   an electrolyte comprising a first sodium salt including at least one of a sulfur-containing organic sodium salt or a boron-containing organic sodium salt,   wherein the sodium ion battery satisfies a relationship: 0.84≤Y−0.01X≤5.84,   wherein X g/m 2  is an areal density of the primer coating layer, and Y % is a mass content of the first sodium salt, based on a total mass of the electrolyte.   
     
     
         2 . The sodium ion battery according to  claim 1 , wherein an anion of the sulfur-containing organic sodium salt includes at least one of structures represented by formula I or formula II, 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1  and R 2  are each independently selected from at least one of fluorine or substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6  alkyl, and R 3  is substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6  alkyl. 
       
     
     
         3 . The sodium ion battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the sulfur-containing organic sodium salt includes one or more of sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate, sodium bis(fluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, and sodium (fluorosulfonyl) (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, and optionally one ore more of sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate, sodium bis(fluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, and sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide. 
     
     
         4 . The sodium ion battery according to any one of  claim 1 , wherein the boron-containing organic sodium salt includes one or more of sodium tetraphenylborate, sodium bis(salicylic acid-2-) borate, sodium salicylate benzenediol borate, sodium difluorooxalate borate, and sodium bisoxalate borate, and optionally one or two of sodium difluorooxalate borate and sodium bisoxalate borate. 
     
     
         5 . The sodium ion battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the areal density X g/cm 2  of the primer coating layer is 5 g/cm 2 -50 g/cm 2 . 
     
     
         6 . The sodium ion battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the primer coating layer comprises one or more of superconducting carbon black, Ketjen black, acetylene black, carbon nanotubes, and graphene. 
     
     
         7 . The sodium ion battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte further comprises a second sodium salt, the second sodium salt including at least one of sodium hexafluorophosphate, sodium tetrafluoroborate, sodium hexafluoroarsenate, sodium perchlorate, or sodium trifluoroacetate. 
     
     
         8 . The sodium ion battery according to  claim 7 , wherein the sodium ion battery satisfies a relationship: Y+Z≥3 and/or Z/Y≥1.21,
 wherein Y % is the mass content of the first sodium salt, based on the total mass of the electrolyte; and Z % is the mass content of the second sodium salt, based on the total mass of the electrolyte. 
 
     
     
         9 . The sodium ion battery according to  claim 7 , wherein the mass content of the second sodium salt is 1%-40%, optionally 7%-35%, based on the total mass of the electrolyte. 
     
     
         10 . The sodium ion battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte further comprises a solvent, and the mass content of the solvent is 50%-98%, optionally 50%-90%, based on the total mass of the electrolyte. 
     
     
         11 . The sodium ion battery according to  claim 10 , wherein the solvent includes an ether solvent, optionally at least one of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol formate ether, ethylene glycol dibutyl ether, 1,3-dioxolane, 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl methyl ether, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl methyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether, bis-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, methyl nonafluorobutyl ether, bis-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl)ether, or difluoromethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether. 
     
     
         12 . The sodium ion battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the sodium ion battery is a sodium battery without a negative electrode. 
     
     
         13 . A battery module, comprising a sodium ion battery according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         14 . A battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises a sodium ion battery, the sodium ion battery comprising:
 a positive electrode plate,   a negative electrode plate comprising a negative electrode current collector and a primer coating layer formed on a surface of the negative electrode current collector, and   an electrolyte comprising a first sodium salt including at least one of a sulfur-containing organic sodium salt or a boron-containing organic sodium salt,   wherein the sodium ion battery satisfies a relationship: 0.84≤Y−0.01X≤5.84,   wherein X g/m 2  is an areal density of the primer coating layer, and Y % is a mass content of the first sodium salt, based on a total mass of the electrolyte.   
     
     
         15 . A power consuming device, wherein the power consuming device comprises a sodium ion battery, the sodium ion battery comprising:
 a positive electrode plate,   a negative electrode plate comprising a negative electrode current collector and a primer coating layer formed on a surface of the negative electrode current collector, and   an electrolyte comprising a first sodium salt including at least one of a sulfur-containing organic sodium salt or a boron-containing organic sodium salt,   wherein the sodium ion battery satisfies a relationship: 0.84≤Y−0.01X≤5.84,   wherein X g/m 2  is an areal density of the primer coating layer, and Y % is a mass content of the first sodium salt, based on a total mass of the electrolyte.