Process for Converting C2-C7 Olefins into Fuel

Abstract

Processes for converting one or more C2-C7 linear or branched olefins to one or more C8-C24 hydrocarbons are provided.

1 . A process for converting one or more C 2 -C 7  linear or branched olefins to one or more C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons, the process comprising:
 contacting a feed stream comprising the one or more C 2 -C 7  linear or branched olefins with one or more catalysts in a reactor at a temperature from about 100° C. to 400° C., a pressure from about 200 psig to 1000 psig, and a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of at least 0.5 h −1  to form a mixture, the mixture comprising one or more C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons at a yield of at least 30%;   wherein the one or more catalysts comprise a doped mixed metal oxide.   
     
     
         2 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the doped metal oxide comprises one or more dopants, the one or more dopants comprising nickel, cobalt, yttrium, rhodium, ruthenium, palladium, platinum, ion, lanthanum, silica, alumina, scandium, titanium, niobium, copper, chromium, rhenium, zinc, vanadium, iridium, or any combination thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The process of  claim 2 , wherein the nickel is present in an amount that is from about 0.5 weight percent to 5 weight percent of the one or more catalysts. 
     
     
         4 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the doped mixed metal oxide comprises tungsten, zirconium, molybdenum, silica, alumina, or any combination thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The process of  claim 4 , wherein the tungsten is present in an amount that is from about 5 weight percent to 25 weight percent of the one or more catalysts. 
     
     
         6 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more catalysts comprise a first catalyst, the first catalyst comprising nickel doped tungstated zirconium, nickel doped tungstated γ-alumina, nickel doped tungstated silica, nickel doped amorphous silica alumina, or nickel doped zeolite. 
     
     
         7 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the reactor is a single bed reactor or a stack bed reactor. 
     
     
         8 .- 11 . (canceled) 
     
     
         12 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the first catalyst comprises nickel doped tungstated zirconium. 
     
     
         13 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more catalysts further comprises a second catalyst. 
     
     
         14 . The process of  claim 13 , wherein the second catalyst comprises one or more zeolites, one or more solid acids, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         15 . The process of  claim 14 , wherein the one or more solid acids comprise one or more sulfonic acid resins. 
     
     
         16 . The process of  claim 14 , wherein the one or more zeolites comprises one or more doped zeolites. 
     
     
         17 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons comprise one or more C 8 -C 20  hydrocarbons. 
     
     
         18 . (canceled) 
     
     
         19 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the feed stream further comprises a fusel oil, a residual alcohol, corn oil, water, or any combination thereof. 
     
     
         20 . The process of  claim 19 , wherein the water is present in the feed stream in an amount of less than 20 ppm. 
     
     
         21 . The process of  claim 1 , the feed stream further comprises a recycle stream comprising a portion of the one or more C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons of the mixture. 
     
     
         22 . (canceled) 
     
     
         23 . The process of  claim 1 , further comprising preparing the feed stream. 
     
     
         24 . The process of  claim 23 , wherein preparing the feed stream comprises contacting an input stream comprising one or more C 1 -C 5  linear or branched alcohols with one or more catalysts in one or more reactors to form the one or more C 2 -C 7  linear or branched olefins. 
     
     
         25 . The process of  claim 24 , wherein the one or more catalysts comprise a doped or undoped alumina catalyst including, in neutral or ionic form, one or more of zirconium, titanium, tungsten, or silicon. 
     
     
         26 . The process of  claim 24 , wherein the one or more catalysts comprise a doped or undoped zeolite catalyst. 
     
     
         27 . (canceled) 
     
     
         28 . The process of  claim 23 , wherein preparing the feed stream comprises deriving the one or more C 2 -C 7  linear or branched olefins from petroleum. 
     
     
         29 . The process of  claim 1 , further comprising recycling a portion of the one or more C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons present in the mixture into the feed stream. 
     
     
         30 . The process of  claim 1 , further comprising hydrogenating the one or more C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons to produce a product stream. 
     
     
         31 . The process of  claim 29 , further comprising recycling a portion of the one or more C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons present in the product stream into the feed stream. 
     
     
         32 . The process of  claim 30 , further comprising separating the one or more C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons from the product stream to produce a renewable jet fuel or a renewable diesel fuel. 
     
     
         33 . The process of  claim 32 , furthering comprising blending the renewable jet fuel with an aromatic compound or a fossil-fuel derived compound. 
     
     
         34 . The process of  claim 32 , furthering comprising blending the renewable diesel fuel with an aromatic compound or a fossil-fuel derived compound. 
     
     
         35 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the yield of the one or more C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons is from about 30% to 99%. 
     
     
         36 .- 53 . (canceled) 
     
     
         54 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons comprise one or more low carbon intensity C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons. 
     
     
         55 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons comprise one or more zero carbon intensity C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons. 
     
     
         56 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons comprise one or more negative carbon intensity C 8 -C 24  hydrocarbons.