Deflagration-Proof And Detonation-Proof Surface Combustion Gas Burner

Abstract

A flame-proof and explosion-proof surface combustion gas includes a burner body pierced with a series of orifices, each of which is extended by a rim, wherein the orifices are arranged in several rows of aligned orifices; and a gas distributor that includes a distributor body equipped with a plurality of longitudinal gas-distribution branches, each branch being pierced with a line of orifices bordered by a rim. The distributor body is positioned inside the burner body such that each orifice of the distributor body is coaxial with an orifice of the burner body, wherein when the burner body is coupled to an air supply source and the distributor body is coupled to a gas supply source, the air and the gas mix only at the rims of the burner body.

1 . A deflagration-proof and detonation-proof surface combustion gas burner comprises a burner body comprising metal or refractory material; and a gas distributor,
 wherein the burner body delimits an inner cavity connectable to an air supply source and has an outer face and an inner face,   wherein the burner body is perforated by a series of orifices, each of the orifices being extended by a rim, which projects from the outer face and a central axis of the orifice is normal to the outer face, the orifices being disposed in several rows of aligned orifices,   wherein the gas distributor comprises a distributor body which delimits a housing connectable to a gas supply source,   wherein the distributor body comprises a plurality of longitudinal gas distribution branches, each branch comprising two longitudinal walls, spaced apart from one another to define between each other a longitudinal lamellar gas distribution space, the longitudinal lamellar gas distribution space comprising an inner longitudinal end which opens into the housing, the two walls of each branch meeting to form an outer longitudinal edge, a closed front end and a closed rear end of the branch,   wherein each branch is perforated by a series of orifices aligned along the outer longitudinal edge, each orifice of a branch being bordered by a rim which projects over an outer face of the longitudinal edge and each orifice having a central axis normal to the outer face of the longitudinal edge,   wherein the distributor body is disposed in the inner cavity of the burner body so that each orifice of the distributor body is coaxial with one orifice of the burner body,   and wherein the distributor body and the burner body are dimensioned so that an inner diameter of one of the orifices of the burner body is greater than an outer diameter (D 1 ) of an apex of the rim of one of the orifices of the distributor body disposed facing the same orifice of the burner body, so that there is a gap for the passage of air between an apex of the outer longitudinal edge of each branch of the distributor body and the inner face of the burner body, and so that the apex of the rim of each orifice of the distributor body is in immediate proximity to an inlet mouth of the orifice of the burner body facing which it is placed, such that when the burner body is connected to an air supply source and the distributor body to a gas supply source, the air penetrates the burner body, circulates between the branches of the distributor body and in the gap and escapes from the burner through the rims of the burner body, while the gas penetrates the housing of the distributor body, circulates in the lamellar space of the branches, through the orifices and rims of the distributor body, and through the rims of the burner body within which it meets the air and is mixed.   
     
     
         2 . The gas burner of in  claim 1 , wherein at least one rim of one orifice of the burner body and/or at least one rim of one orifice of the distributor body is toothed so as to have notches. 
     
     
         3 . The gas burner of  claim 1 , wherein the burner body is formed from a cylindrical shell, wherein the cylindrical shell comprises a rear end shut off by a back wall and a front end equipped with a front wall flange connectable to the air supply source,
 wherein the orifices of the burner body are fashioned in the shell so that the rows of orifices extend axially over the shell,   wherein the distributor body comprises a hollow cylinder which delimits the housing of the distributor body, the housing of the distributor body being central and cylindrical,   wherein the longitudinal gas distribution branches extend radially around the hollow cylinder,   wherein the distributor body comprises a rear end shut off by a back wall and a front end shut off by a front flange, equipped with a central hole connectable to the gas supply source,   wherein the gas distributor comprises a gas pre-distribution device, which comprises a cylindrical body, equipped with an axial cylindrical central opening and several stages of radial channels, each radial channel extending from the central opening all the way to an outer surface of the cylindrical body,   and wherein the gas pre-distribution device is disposed coaxially inside the cylindrical housing of the distributor body, so that the central opening of the cylindrical body is facing the central hole of the front flange and each of the radial channels opens into the lamellar gas distribution space of a branch of the distributor body.   
     
     
         4 . The gas burner of  claim 3 , wherein the cylindrical body of the gas pre-distribution device comprises several rear washers and one front washer the rear washers and the front washer each having one cylindrical central opening and two opposing flat faces, the cylindrical central openings being of the same diameter, the front washer and the rear washers being assembled against one another so that their respective central openings are coaxial, the rear washers having on one of their flat faces a series of radial grooves which delimit, with the opposite flat face of a neighboring rear washer, the radial channels. 
     
     
         5 . The gas burner of  claim 3 , wherein the gas pre-distribution device comprises a device for moving the gas entering into the gas pre-distribution device, to impart to the gas a helical motion when the gas circulates inside the central opening of the cylindrical body. 
     
     
         6 . The gas burner of  claim 5 , wherein the device for moving the gas is a fixed propeller. 
     
     
         7 . The gas burner of  claim 3 , wherein the shell of the burner body has a rear end, wherein the back wall of the burner body comprises a solid disc equipped with a peripheral annular rim which is welded in a gastight manner to the rear end of the shell, wherein the solid disc has a front face and is equipped with at least one locator pin which projects from the front face and wherein the at least one locator pin is inserted between two neighboring branches of the body of the gas distributor. 
     
     
         8 . The gas burner of  claim 1 , wherein the distributor body is formed from a metal sheet folded on itself to form the gas distribution branches. 
     
     
         9 . The gas burner of  claim 8 , wherein the front end and the rear end of each branch of the distributor body are closed by pinching and welding. 
     
     
         10 . The gas burner of  claim 1 , wherein the gap for the passage of air has a height greater than or equal to 0.2 mm. 
     
     
         11 . The gas burner of  claim 1 , wherein the ratio D 2 /D 1  of the inner diameter (D 2 ) of an orifice of the burner body to the outer diameter (D 1 ) of the apex of the rim of an orifice of the distributor body disposed facing this same orifice of the burner body is between 1.2 and 4. 
     
     
         12 . The gas burner of  claim 1 , wherein the gas is hydrogen.