Composite light adjustable intraocular lens with diffractive structure

Abstract

A composite light adjustable intraocular lens comprises an acrylic diffractive intraocular lens, having a diffractive structure and haptics; and a silicone light adjustable lens, attached to the acrylic diffractive intraocular lens. The diffractive structure produces constructive interference in at least four consecutive diffractive orders corresponding a range of vision between near and distance vision, wherein the constructive interference produces a near focal point, a distance focal point corresponding to the base power of the ophthalmic lens, and an intermediate focal point between the near focal point and the distance focal point and wherein a diffraction efficiency of at least one of the diffractive orders is suppressed to less than ten percent.

1 . A composite light adjustable intraocular lens, comprising:
 a silicone light adjustable lens, whose optical power is adjustable by an ultraviolet illumination; and   an acrylic diffractive intraocular lens,
 having a non-zero optical power created by a diffractive structure; 
 attached to a distal surface of the silicone light adjustable lens; and 
 comprising
 an ultraviolet absorber sufficient to protect a retina from damage by the adjusting ultraviolet illumination; and 
 haptics. 
 
   
     
     
         2 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the silicone light adjustable lens is attached to the acrylic diffractive intraocular lens at the diffractive structure, or opposite to the diffractive structure.   
     
     
         3 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 1 , the acrylic diffractive intraocular lens comprising:
 at least one of a monomer, a macromer, and a polymer, including
 at least one of an acrylate, an alkyl acrylate, an aryl acrylate, a substituted aryl acrylate, a substituted alkyl acrylate, a vinyl, and copolymers combining alkyl acrylates and aryl acrylates. 
   
     
     
         4 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 3 , the alkyl acrylate comprising:
 a methyl acrylate, an ethyl acrylate, a phenyl acrylate, and polymers and co-polymers thereof.   
     
     
         5 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 3 , wherein:
 at least one of a monomer, a macromer, and a polymer of the acrylic diffractive intraocular lens is having at least one functional group, wherein the functional group
 includes at least one of hydroxy, amino, and vinyl, mercapto, isocyanate, nitrile, carboxyl, hydride, and 
 is one of cationic, anionic and neutral. 
   
     
     
         6 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 1 , the silicone light adjustable lens comprising:
 a first polymer matrix; and   a refraction modulating composition, dispersed in the first polymer matrix; wherein   the refraction modulating composition is capable of stimulus-induced polymerization that modulates a refraction of the silicone light adjustable lens.   
     
     
         7 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 6 , the first polymer matrix comprising:
 a siloxane-based polymer, formed from macromer and monomer building blocks with at least one of an alkyl group and an aryl group.   
     
     
         8 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 6 , the silicone light adjustable lens comprising:
 a photoinitiator,   to absorb a refraction modulating illumination;   to be activated upon the absorption of the illumination; and   to initiate the polymerization of the refraction modulating compound.   
     
     
         9 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 1 , the silicone light adjustable lens comprising:
 an ultraviolet-absorber dispersed throughout.   
     
     
         10 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the diffractive structure producing constructive interference in at least four consecutive diffractive orders corresponding a range of vision from near to distance vision, wherein   the constructive interference produces a near focal point, a distance focal point corresponding to the base power of the ophthalmic lens, and an intermediate focal point between the near focal point and the distance focal point, and wherein   a diffraction efficiency of at least one of the diffractive orders is suppressed to less than ten percent.   
     
     
         11 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 10 , wherein:
 the near focal point corresponds to vision at 40 cm, and the intermediate focal point corresponds to vision at 60 cm.   
     
     
         12 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 10 , wherein:
 the four consecutive diffractive orders are (0, +1, +2, +3); and   the suppressed diffractive order is the +1 diffractive order.   
     
     
         13 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 10 , wherein:
 the diffractive structure comprises a plurality of annular diffractive steps; and   the diffractive steps have a corresponding step height relative to the base curvature of the ophthalmic lens at consecutive radial step boundaries as follows   
       
         
           
             
               
                 y 
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                       A 
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                         x 
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                         x 
                         
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                     ( 
                     
                       x 
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                     ϕ 
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                         i 
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                         1 
                       
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                       2 
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                     ) 
                   
                 
               
             
           
         
         wherein A i  is a corresponding step height relative to a base curvature of the acrylic diffractive intraocular lens, y i  is the height relative to an x-axis in a corresponding segment, φ i  is a relative phase delay from the x-axis, and x i  is the position of the diffractive step along the x-axis. 
       
     
     
         14 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the acrylic diffractive intraocular lens has an anterior surface and a posterior surface; and   the diffractive structure is disposed on at least one of the anterior surface and the posterior surface, the diffractive structure including a plurality of annular diffractive steps and four consecutive diffractive orders; wherein   the acrylic diffractive intraocular lens produces a near focus, an intermediate focus, and a distance focus, each corresponding to a different one of the four consecutive diffractive orders;   the four consecutive diffractive orders include a lowest diffractive order, a highest diffractive order, a near-intermediate diffractive order, and a far-intermediate diffractive order; and   the plurality of annular diffractive steps of the diffractive structure are configured such that the far-intermediate diffractive order is suppressed and at least a portion of the energy associated with that suppressed diffractive order is redistributed to one of the near focus, the intermediate focus, and the distance focus.   
     
     
         15 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 14 , wherein:
 the plurality of annular diffractive steps are configured such that   a diffraction efficiency of the lowest diffractive order for a 3 mm aperture is at least 40%;   a diffraction efficiency of the highest diffractive order for the 3 mm aperture is at least 20%; and   a diffraction efficiency of each of the near-intermediate diffractive order and the far-intermediate diffractive order for the 3 mm aperture is in the range of 10-20%.   
     
     
         16 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the diffractive structure includes a plurality of annular diffractive steps and four consecutive diffractive orders; wherein   the composite light adjustable intraocular lens produces a near focus, an intermediate focus, and a distance focus, each corresponding to a different one of the four consecutive diffractive orders; and   the plurality of annular diffractive steps of the diffractive structure are configured such that one of the four diffractive orders is suppressed and at least a portion of the energy associated with that suppressed diffractive order is redistributed to one of the near focus, the intermediate focus, and the distance focus.   
     
     
         17 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 16 , wherein:
 the four consecutive diffractive orders include a lowest diffractive order, a highest diffractive order, and two intermediate diffractive orders; and   the suppressed diffractive order is one of the two intermediate diffractive orders.   
     
     
         18 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the silicone light adjustable lens is attached to the acrylic diffractive intraocular lens with an adhesion promoter, wherein the adhesion promoter includes
 a first orthogonal functional group, configured to bond with an acrylic component of the acrylic intraocular insert; and 
 a second orthogonal functional group, configured to bond with a silicone component of the silicone-based light adjustable lens. 
   
     
     
         19 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 18 , wherein:
 wherein the adhesion promoter has the structure;   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         at least one of R3, R3′ and R3″ is a vinyl dialkylsiloxy pendant group with the structure 
         the remaining of R3, R3′ and R3″ are independently selected from the group consisting of C1-C10 pendant alkyl groups, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, cyclobutyl, or methylcyclopropyl;
 the first orthogonal functional group is the functional group to the left of R 2 ; 
 the second orthogonal functional group is R 6 ; 
 
         R 1  is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen, a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and a substituted C1-C12 alkyl, wherein the alkyl can be methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, cyclobutyl, or methylcyclopropyl; 
         R 2  is an alkyl spacer with 1-10 carbon atoms, such as (—CH2)n, where n=1 through 10; 
         R 4  and R 5  are independently selected from the group consisting of C1-C10 pendant alkyl groups, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, cyclobutyl, or methylcyclopropyl; and 
         R 6  is one of a vinyl group, a vinyloxy group, an allyl group, an allyloxy group, and a group with a carbon chain C1-C10. 
       
     
     
         20 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 1 , comprising:
 an attachment structure, for attaching the silicone light adjustable lens to the acrylic diffractive intraocular lens.   
     
     
         21 . The composite light adjustable intraocular lens of  claim 20 , the attachment structure comprising:
 at least one of a ring, an open tub, and a clasp.