Photopolymerization co-initiator systems

Abstract

A photopolymerization co-initiator system comprises (a) about 1-30 parts of at least one carbonyl-containing compound, (b) about 1-30 parts of an organic compound containing nitrogen, phoshorus, arsenic, bismuth, or antimony, and (c) about 1-30 parts of at least one halogenated hydrocarbon.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. In a process for photopolymerizing a monomeric ethylenically unsaturated compound by irradiating the compound in the presence of a photoinitiator, the improvement which comprises using as the photoinitiator a co-initiator system which consists essentially of (a) about 1-30 parts of at least one compound having the formula ##SPC3## wherein R, R', and R" is each hydrogen, C 1   -14  alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, halogen, halogenated C 1   -14  alkyl, halogenated aryl, amino, or amino N-substituted with alkyl, aryl, β-alkanol, or a combination of these, and may be the same or different; and R"' is hydrogen, C 1   -14  alkyl, halogenated alkyl, aryl, --OZ where Z is C 1   -14  alkyl or aryl; ##EQU3## where Y is hydrogen, C 1   -14  alkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl and Q is hydrogen, C 1   -14  alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkoxy, or aryloxy: or ##SPC4##   wherein R, R', and R" is each hydrogen, C 1   -14  alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, halogen, halogenated C 1   -14  alkyl, halogenated aryl, amino, or amino N-substituted with alkyl, aryl, β-alkanol, or a combination of these, and may be the same or different; (b) about 1-30 parts of at least one compound having the formula ##EQU4## wherein X is nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, bismuth, or antimony and R, R', and R" is each alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, or alkaryl and may be the same or different and one or both of R and R" may be hydrogen; and (c) 1-30 parts of at least one halogenated hydrocarbon.   
     
     
       2. The coinitiator system of claim 1 wherein the ratio of (a):(b):(c) is about 2-15:2-10:1-5. 
     
     
       3. A photopolymerizable composition which comprises (1) at least one monomeric ethylenically unsaturated compound and (2) the photoinitiator of claim 1. 
     
     
       4. The composition of claim 3 wherein the ratio of the amount of the ethylenically unsaturated compound (1) to the amount of the photoinitiator (2) is about 1-1000 to 1. 
     
     
       5. The composition of claim 3 wherein the ratio of the amount of the ethylenically unsaturated compound (1) to the amount of the photoinitiator (2) is about 10-50 to 1.