Amine derivatives of hydrocarbyl lactam carboxylic acids as fuel additives

Abstract

This invention relates to motor fuel compositions containing dihydroimidazoline, tetrahydropyrimidine and amide derivatives of hydrocarbyl substituted lactam acids.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A motor fuel composition comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons in the gasoline boiling range and an additive mixture including, in a concentration of from 0.001 to 0.1 weight percent, a substituted butyrolactam of the formula: ##STR5## wherein R is a hydrocarbyl radical of from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an N-mono- or N,N-di-hydrocarbyl substituted aminoalkyl radical wherein each hydrocarbyl moiety and said alkyl moiety contains from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an N-butyrolactam alkyl radical containing the substituents R 1 , R 2  and R 3  and wherein said alkyl moiety contains from 1 to 12 carbon atoms; R 1  is a hydrocarbon radical of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms;   each of R 2  and R 3  is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl radical of from 1 to 500 carbon atoms, provided that only one of R 2  and R 3  is hydrogen; and only one of R 2  and R 3  is hydrocarbyl;   each of R 4  and R 5  is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl radical of from 1 to 25 carbon atoms;   R 6  is a hydrocarbyl radical of from 1 to 25 carbon atoms or an amino alkyl or poly (azaalkyl) radical;   n has a value of 0 to 1 inclusive; and   each of said hydrocarbyl substituents is unsubstituted or substituted.   
     
     
       2. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said gasoline boiling range is from about 75° F. to 450° F., and said butyrolactam is present in a concentration of about 0.01 to 0.075 weight percent. 
     
     
       3. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein R 3  is an alkenyl radical of from 8 to 500 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       4. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein R 2  is an alkenyl radical of from 8 to 500 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       5. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein R 1  is phenyl. 
     
     
       6. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein each of R 4  and R 5  is a hydrogen atom. 
     
     
       7. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein R 6  is an aminoalkyl radical in which said alkyl group contains from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       8. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein R 6  is a poly(azaalkyl) radical in which each alkyl moiety contains from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and said azaalkyl moieties recur from 1 to 10 times. 
     
     
       9. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein R is an N-(butyrolactam) alkyl radical in which said N-(butyrolactam) is a recurring unit. 
     
     
       10. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein R is a lower alkyl group of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       11. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein R is methyl. 
     
     
       12. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein R is an N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl substituent. 
     
     
       13. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein R 2  or R 3  is an alkenyl radical of from 8 to 300 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       14. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein R is an N-(butyrolactam) alkyl moiety isomeric or identical to that to which R is attached and said alkyl moiety contains from 1 to 7 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       15. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 13, wherein R 2  or R 3  is a polybutenyl radical. 
     
     
       16. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 13, wherein R 2  or R 3  is a tetrapropenyl radical. 
     
     
       17. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein n has a value of 0. 
     
     
       18. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein said butyrolactam is 2(3)-polybutenyl-3-(1'-aminoethyl dihydroimidazolin-2'-yl)-4-phenyl-5-methyl butyrolactam. 
     
     
       19. A motor fuel composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein said butyrolactam is 2(3)-polybutenyl-3-[1'-(3,6,9-triazanonyl)-dihydroimidazolin-2'-yl]-4-phenyl-5-methyl butyrolactam.