Installation for the control of the charging cycle in internal combustion engines

Abstract

An installation for controlling the charge-cycle of an internal combustion engine which includes an inlet valve and an exhaust valve as main control devices as well as a shutter arranged in the suction system as auxiliary control device. At low rotational speeds and at full load of the engine, the shutter is so controlled that it rapidly opens a cross section in the suction system during the end phase of a suction operation. An increased velocity of the fresh gas flow and a pressure wave prior to inlet-closure is achieved thereby which increases the cylinder fill. This high pressure level can be maintained in the suction system or in the manifold between the auxiliary control device and the main control device by premature closing of the auxiliary control device. A preferred embodiment includes a valve or flap symmetrically arranged on a rotating shaft which is drivingly connected with an electromagnetic rotary adjusting device that drives the valve or flap oscillatingly and/or rotatingly with very high angular accelerations and decelerations. A valve controlled according to a performance graph and driven by a motor may serve, in addition to an increase of the full load cylinder fill at low rotational speeds, also for the partial load control of the internal combustion engine.

We claim: 
     
       1. An installation for controlling the charge-exchange in internal combustion engines, comprising main control means for controlling the timing of a total inlet charge to the internal combustion engine and auxiliary control means coordinated to the main control means, whereby the auxiliary control periods are variable, said auxiliary control means being operatively connected on the engine suction side upstream of the main control means to also control the timing of the total inlet charge by overriding the timing called for by the main control means and opening in the end phase of the opening period of the main control means, and the opening beginning of the auxiliary control means, with increasing engine rotational speeds increasingly approaching the opening beginning of the main control means. 
     
     
       2. An installation according to claim 1, wherein said main control means include at least one of inlet and exhaust valves. 
     
     
       3. An installation according to claim 1, wherein said auxiliary control means includes a shutter means. 
     
     
       4. An installation according to claim 1, wherein said auxiliary control means opens at low rotational speed and high load of the engine shortly prior to a piston reaching lower dead-center in a cylinder of the internal combustion engine to which the charge is directed. 
     
     
       5. An installation according to claim 1, especially for reciprocating piston internal combustion engines having inlet and exhaust valve means as main control means, the respective auxiliary control means having a steep rise in the opening cross section and an open cross section substantially corresponding to the cross section of the respective line, the auxiliary control means on the engine suction side opening at low rotational speed and simultaneous high load shortly prior to the lower dead-center of the intaking piston and closing prior to the inlet valve means, whereby with increasing rotational speed, the opening beginning of the auxiliary control means is controlled increasingly earlier prior to the lower dead-center of the intaking piston to approach the opening beginning of the inlet valve means. 
     
     
       6. An installation according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary control means is arranged in a part of a suction system serving as ram pipe within the end area remote from the engine of the ram pipe. 
     
     
       7. An installation according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary control means is arranged in a line part from which branch off the remaining suction lines arranged group-wise. 
     
     
       8. An installation for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a single auxiliary control means controls several suction lines corresponding to the ignition sequence of the engine. 
     
     
       9. An installation according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary control means which is arranged at the suction side, is effective in a low rotational speed range under high load of the engine and wherein an auxiliary control means is also arranged on the exhaust gas side which is effective during low charge through-put of the engine. 
     
     
       10. installation according to claim 9, wherein the auxiliary control means on the suction side closes at about the closing point of the main control means. 
     
     
       11. An installation according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary control means is a motor-driven valve means, a driving motor controlled in dependence on characteristic magnitudes of the engine, and the valve means being actuated between predetermined angular positions in the respective line. 
     
     
       12. An installation according to claim 11, wherein the valve means is actuated periodically between predetermined angular positions. 
     
     
       13. An installation according to claim 11, wherein the valve means is actuated aperiodically between predetermined angular positions. 
     
     
       14. An installation according to claim 11, wherein the characteristic magnitudes include at least one of load, rotational speed, temperature and fuel consumption. 
     
     
       15. An installation according to claim 11, wherein said valve means oscillates. 
     
     
       16. An installation according to claim 11, wherein said valve means is actuated discontinuously. 
     
     
       17. An installation according to claim 11, wherein said valve means rotates. 
     
     
       18. An installation according to claim 11, wherein said valve means is actuated continuously. 
     
     
       19. An installation according to claim 11, wherein the auxiliary control means include several motor-driven valve means which are arranged substantially parallel to one another in a cross plane of the respective line. 
     
     
       20. An installation according to claim 11, wherein the driving motor drives the valve means with an average minimum velocity of w≅2 (rad/ms) and furthermore is operable to hold the valve means in a predetermined position. 
     
     
       21. An installation according to claim 20, wherein the driving motor is an electromagnetic rotary adjusting means. 
     
     
       22. An installation for the control of the charge-exchange in internal combustion engines comprising main control means and auxiliary control means coordinated to the main control means at both an inlet and exhaust side of the internal combustion engine for controlling the timing of an inlet charge and an exhaust of the internal combustion engine, whereby the auxiliary control periods are variable, the auxiliary control means on the engine exhaust side temporarily closing an exhaust gas line during the opening period of the main control means at the engine exhaust side at a low charge through-put of the engine, and the closing period thereof being controlled as a function of at least one of load and rotational speed for influencing pressure and suction waves acting on the main control means. 
     
     
       23. An installation according to claim 22, for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with inlet and exhaust valve means as main control means, wherein the auxiliary control means temporarily closes the exhaust gas line with an open exhaust valve means and in a piston position within the lower dead-center area at the beginning of the exhaust gas discharge by the piston. 
     
     
       24. An installation according to claim 23, wherein the auxiliary control means closes the exhaust line ahead of the exhaust valve means at approximately "inlet valve means opens." 
     
     
       25. An installation according to claim 24, wherein said auxiliary control means is a shutter means. 
     
     
       26. An installation according to claim 22, wherein several exhaust gas lines are combined group-wise with a manifold, an auxiliary control means being arranged in each exhaust gas line, said auxiliary control means being so controlled that during the exhaust operation into one of the exhaust gas lines, the remaining exhaust gas lines are closed by the auxiliary control means.