Low temperature fluidity improver

Abstract

The incorporation of minor amounts of an additive prepared from the reaction products of a long chain oligomeric alkylsuccinic anhydride or the corresponding acid, a mono or polyfunctional epoxide and a long chain secondary amine provide improved cloud point, pour point and filterability for diesel and heating fuels.

What is claimed: 
     
       1. A composition comprising a major proportion of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a minor proportion of an additive product sufficient to impart improved filterability characteristics thereto and to provide a lower pour point and a lower cloud point for said composition, said additive product comprising the reaction product of (a) a substantially linear alkylsuccinic anhydride or the corresponding acid prepared from a substantially oligomerized olefin of the following generalized structure:   (RCH═CH.sub.2).sub.n        where n is from 2 to 4 and where R is from about C 12  to about C 32  hydrocarbyl and the corresponding acid or anhydride   (b) at least a C 12+  mono- or polyfunctional epoxide, and   (c) at least a C 14  secondary amine.   
     
     
       2. The composition of claim 1 wherein said epoxide is monofunctional. 
     
     
       3. The composition of claim 1 wherein said epoxide is polyfunctional. 
     
     
       4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the epoxide is a diepoxide. 
     
     
       5. The composition of claim 1 wherein said alkylsuccinic anhydride is prepared from a mixture of hexadecene and octadecene oligomerized olefins and maleic anhydride and where n is 2; the epoxide is a mixture of C 24-28  epoxidized olefins and the amine is a di(hydrogenated) tallow amine. 
     
     
       6. The composition of claim 5 wherein said alkylsuccinic anhydride is prepared from a mixture of substantially linear C 16-18  olefins and the epoxide is a monofunctional epoxide. 
     
     
       7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the epoxide is a C 18  -C 20  alpha olefin epoxide. 
     
     
       8. The composition of claim 5 wherein the epoxide is a polyfunctional epoxide. 
     
     
       9. The composition of claim 1 wherein said fuel is a diesel fuel. 
     
     
       10. The composition of claim 1 wherein said fuel is a heating fuel. 
     
     
       11. The composition of claim 5 wherein said fuel is a diesel fuel. 
     
     
       12. The composition of claim 5 wherein said fuel is a heating fuel. 
     
     
       13. The composition of claim 6 wherein said fuel is a diesel fuel. 
     
     
       14. The composition of claim 6 wherein said fuel is a heating fuel. 
     
     
       15. The composition of claim 7 wherein said fuel is a diesel fuel. 
     
     
       16. The composition of claim 7 wherein said fuel is a heating fuel. 
     
     
       17. An additive product suitable for use in liquid hydrocarbon fuel imparting thereto improved filterability characteristics and providing lower pour points and lower cloud points for said fuels, said additive product comprising the reaction product of (a) a substantially linear alkylsuccinic anhydride having been prepared from a substantially oligomerized olefin of the following generalized structure:   (RCH═CH.sub.2).sub.n        where n is 2-4 and where R is from about C 12  to about C 32  hydrocarbyl, and the corresponding acid or anhydride   (b) a C 24  to C 28  mono or polyfunctional epoxide or mixtures thereof and,   (c) at least a C 14  secondary amine.   
     
     
       18. The additive product of claim 17 wherein said alkylsuccinic anhydride is prepared from a mixture of hexadecenes and octadecenes oligomerized olefins and maleic anhydride and where n is 2; the epoxide is a mixture of C 24-28  epoxidized olefins and the amine is di(hydrogenated) tallow amine. 
     
     
       19. The additive product of claim 17 wherein said alkylsuccinic anhydride is prepared from a mixture of hexadecene and octadecene oligomerized olefins and maleic anhydride and where n is 2; the epoxide is a C 18-20  alpha olefin epoxide. 
     
     
       20. The additive product of claim 17 wherein said epoxide is a diepoxide. 
     
     
       21. The additive product of claim 17 wherein the fuel is a distillate fuel. 
     
     
       22. The additive product of claim 21 wherein said fuel is a diesel fuel.