Apparatus for the removal of ferromagnetic materials from liquids, organic or inorganic compounds respectively mixtures--in particular fuels--, for treating with magnetic field and reduction of surfacial stresses

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for the removal of ferromagnetic materials from liquids, organic or inorganic compounds and mixtures, respectively, mainly fuels, for treating with a magnetic field and reduction of surface tension. The apparatus according to the invention contains a plurality -at least two- coaxial magnets having a hole therein and being in the direction of flow of the liquid and being separated by a disc, as well as housing made of a non-magnetizable material closed at both ends with end-closing means and provided with a bore for passing through the liquid to be treated.

What we claim: 
     
       1. Apparatus for cleaning a liquid flowing through the apparatus in a flow direction, by removing ferromagnetic materials from said liquid by reduction of the surface tension of the liquid by exposure to a magnetic field, comprising a nonmagnetizable housing, a plurality of magnets in said housing, each of said magnets having a bore substantially coaxial with its magnet, said magnets being disposed adjacent to each other with the bores of each magnet facing the bore of an adjacent magnet, each magnet being arranged with its bore being disposed in said flow direction, said housing having two ends, each of said ends being closed, means for conducting liquid to be cleaned into said housing through one closed end, and means for conducting cleaned liquid out from said housing at the other closed end, and means for creating an indirect flow path for said liquid between the respective bores in each of said adjacent magnets, the last said means including a channel formed in the surface of a magnet which faces the surface of an adjacent magnet, each channel being substantially perpendicular to an associated bore in the magnet. 
     
     
       2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said means for creating an indirect flow path further comprises a plate disposed between each adjacent magnet and blocking a direct flow-through of the liquid from the bore of one magnet into the bore of an adjacent magnet, whereby the fluid flow changes direction to flow in the channel of the magnet the bore of which it has just exited, then flow around the edge of said plate and flow through the channel of the adjacent magnet until it enters the bore thereof. 
     
     
       3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one baffle element exposed adjacent to a plate, said baffle element being perforated at its periphery. 
     
     
       4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein each plate has a peripheral portion cut off adjacent to an end of a channel within the surface of each magnet. 
     
     
       5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein each plate is made of a nonmagnetizable material. 
     
     
       6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each magnet is surrounded at least partially with a soft-iron armature having a width. 
     
     
       7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each plate has a peripheral portion cut off adjacent to an end of a channel within the surface of othe magnet to the half of the width of said soft-iron armature. 
     
     
       8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one end of said housing is closed off with a threaded closure. 
     
     
       9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the central bore in said magnets ia bou 1/3 of the diameter of said meansn for conducting the liquid to be cleaned into said housing. 
     
     
       10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the width of said means for creating an indirect flow path for said liquid is about 1/2 of the diameter of said bores. 
     
     
       11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the width of said means for creating an indirect flow path for said liquid is about 1/20 of the diameter of said bores. 
     
     
       12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the length of each magnet is about five times the diameter of said bores.