Swage collar with pintail and fastening system and method

Abstract

A swage type fastener including a swageable collar member having a pintail member secured thereto to define a pintailed collar; the pintailed collar is operable to be secured to a stud or pin member by an installation tool which applies a relative axial force between the pintail member and collar member to cause a swage anvil to swage the collar member into a locking groove portion on the pintail member and then to sever the pintailed member from the installed collar member; the stud or pin member can have a gripping groove construction at its free end to grip the collar member at initial swage and relatively low swage loads and to resist the installation tool pulling the collar member into the swage anvil instead of swaging it onto the stud or pin member under the subsequently high swage loads.

What is claimed: 
     
       1. A multipieced fastener for securing a plurality of workpieces together by an installation tool adapted to apply a relative axial force to the fastener with the installation tool having a swaging structure for swaging parts of the fastener together in response to the relative axial force, the fastener comprising: a pin member having an elongated pin shank portion,   a collar member operably associated with said pin member and adapted to be located on said pin shank portion,   a pintail member separate from said pin member and operatively connected with said collar member and adapted to be gripped by the installation tool whereby the installation tool can apply a relative axial force of a first preselected magnitude between said collar member and said pintail member to actuate the swaging structure to swage said collar member onto said pin shank portion.   
     
     
       2. The multipieced fastener of claim 1 with said pintail member being a member separate from but secured to said collar member. 
     
     
       3. The multipieced fastener of claim 1 with said pintail member and said collar member being of a one-piece, unitary construction. 
     
     
       4. The multipieced fastener of claim 1 with said pin member having a lock groove portion adapted to receive the swaged material of said collar member, said pintail member having a breakneck groove configured to fracture in response to the relative axial force attaining a second preselected magnitude greater than said first preselected magnitude at which said collar member is swaged into said lock groove portion. 
     
     
       5. The multipieced fastener of claim 1 with said pin member having a lock groove portion adapted to receive the swaged material of said collar member, said collar member having a tubular collar shank portion terminating in an end wall portion, said end wall portion being connected with said pintail member and configured to fracture in response to the relative axial force attaining a second preselected magnitude greater than said first preselected magnitude at which said collar member is swaged into said lock groove portion. 
     
     
       6. The multipieced fastener of claim 5 with said pintail member and said collar member being of a one-piece, unitary construction. 
     
     
       7. The multipieced fastener of claim 1 with said collar member having a tubular collar shank portion adapted to receive said pin shank portion, said tubular collar shank portion having a preselected interference with said pin shank portion whereby said collar member with said pintail member can be located onto said pin shank portion in gripping engagement and held in preassembled relationship to facilitate installation by the installation tool. 
     
     
       8. A multipieced fastener for securing a plurality of workpieces together by an installation tool adapted to apply a relative axial force to the fastener with the installation tool having a swaging structure for swaging parts of the fastener together in response to the relative axial force, the fastener comprising: a pin member having an elongated pin shank portion,   a collar member operably associated with said pin member and adapted to be located on said pin shank portion,   a pintail member separate from said pin member and operatively connected with said collar member and adapted to be gripped by the installation tool whereby the installation tool can apply a relative axial force of a first determinable magnitude between said collar member and said pintail member to actuate the swaging structure to swage said collar member onto said pin shank portion,   said pin member having an enlarged head portion at one end of said pin shank portion,   said pin member having a lock groove portion adapted to receive the swage material of said collar member upon swaging of said collar member in response to the relative axial force of said first determinable magnitude,   said pin member having gripping means at the end of said pin shank portion opposite from said head portion for receiving swaged material of said collar member at a second determinable magnitude of relative axial force less than said first determinable magnitude whereby pulling of said collar member off from said pin shank portion by said pintail member is resisted.   
     
     
       9. The multipieced fastener of claim 8 with said gripping means comprising at least one gripping groove defined by a structure having a diameter less than that of the structure defining said lockgroove portion. 
     
     
       10. The multipieced fastener of claim 8 with said opposite end of said pin with said gripping means being tapered generally at an angle of around 15° with a line transverse to the longitudinal axis of said pin shank portion. 
     
     
       11. The multipieced fastener of claim 8 with said gripping means comprising at least one gripping groove defined by a structure having a diameter less than that of the structure defining said lockgroove portion, said opposite end of said pin with said gripping means being tapered generally at an angle of around 15° with a line transverse to the longitudinal axis of said pin shank portion. 
     
     
       12. The multipieced fastener of claim 10 with said pin shank portion having a generally uniform portion adjacent said lockgroove portion with said uniform portion being of a diameter greater than the outer end section of said pin shank portion including said lockgroove portion and said opposite end with said gripping means whereby swage of said collar member onto said uniform portion is inhibited. 
     
     
       13. The multipieced fastener of claim 12 with said uniform portion being of a diameter generally around 7% greater than the diameter of said outer end section. 
     
     
       14. A multipieced fastener for securing a plurality of workpieces together by an installation tool adapted to apply a relative axial force to the fastener with the installation tool having a swaging structure for swaging parts of the fastener together in response to the relative axial force, the fastener comprising: a pin member having an elongated pin shank portion,   a collar member operably associated with said pin member and adapted to be located on said pin shank portion,   a pintail member separate from said pin member and operatively connected with said collar member and adapted to be gripped by the installation tool whereby the installation tool can apply a relative axial force of a first determinable magnitude between said collar member and said pintail member to actuate the swaging structure to swage said collar member onto said pin shank portion,   said pin member having an enlarged head portion at one end of said pin shank portion,   said pin member having a lock groove portion adapted to receive the swage material of said collar member in response to the relative axial force of said first determinable magnitude,   said pin member having groove forming means at the end of said pin shank portion opposite from said head portion for forming a weakened breaknotch groove in said collar member as it is swaged onto said pin shank portion whereby said collar member will fracture at said breaknotch groove at a relative axial force of a third determinable magnitude greater than said first determinable magnitude,   said lock groove portion located on said pin shank portion between said groove forming means and said head portion.   
     
     
       15. The multipieced fastener of claim 14 with said pin member having gripping means at the end of said pin shank portion opposite from said head portion for receiving swaged material of said collar member at a second determinable magnitude of relative axial force less than said first determinable magnitude whereby pulling of said collar member off from said pin shank portion by said pintail member is resisted. 
     
     
       16. The multipieced fastener of claim 14 with said groove forming means being defined by a ridge having an included angle of between around 30° to around 45°. 
     
     
       17. The multipieced fastener of claim 14 with said pin member having gripping means at the end of said pin shank portion opposite from said head portion for receiving swaged material of said collar member at a second determinable magnitude of relative axial force less than said first determinable magnitude whereby pulling of said collar member off from said pin shank portion by said pintail member is resisted, said opposite end of said pin with said gripping means being tapered generally at an angle of around 15° with a line transverse to the longitudinal axis of said pin shank portion. 
     
     
       18. The multipieced fastener of claim 14 with said pin member having gripping means at the end of said pin shank portion opposite from said head portion for receiving swaged material of said collar member at a second determinable magnitude of relative axial force less than said first determinable magnitude whereby pulling of said collar member off from said pin shank portion by said pintail member is resisted, said opposite end of said pin with said gripping means being tapered generally at an angle of around 15° with a line transverse to the longitudinal axis of said pin shank portion, said groove forming means being defined by a ridge having an included angle of between around 30° to around 45°. 
     
     
       19. A multipieced fastener for securing a plurality of workpieces together by an installation tool adapted to apply a relative axial force to the fastener with the installation tool having a gripping structure for gripping a member of the fastener and having a swaging structure with a swage cavity for swaging parts of the fastener together in response to the relative axial force applied between the gripping structure and the swage structure, the fastener comprising: a pin member having an elongated pin shank portion,   a collar member operably associated with said pin member and having a tubular shank portion adapted to be located on said pin shank portion and engaged by the swage structure,   a pintail member separate from said pin member and operatively connected with said collar member and adapted to be gripped by the gripping structure of the installation tool whereby the installation tool can apply a relative axial force of a first determinable magnitude between said collar member and said pintail member via the gripping structure and swage structure to actuate the swaging structure to move axially to radially overengage said collar member by said swage cavity to thereby swage said tubular shank portion onto said pin shank portion,   said pin member having an enlarged head portion at one end of said pin shank portion,   said pin member having a lock groove portion adapted to receive the swage material of said collar member upon swaging of said tubular shank portion in response to the relative axial force of said first determinable magnitude,   said pin member having gripping means at the end of said pin shank portion opposite from said head portion for receiving swaged material of said tubular shank portion of said collar member at a second determinable magnitude of relative axial force less than said first determinable magnitude whereby pulling of said collar member off from said pin shank portion and into said swage cavity by said pintail member is resisted.   
     
     
       20. The multipieced fastener of claim 19 with said gripping means comprising at least one gripping groove defined by a structure having a diameter less than that of the structure defining said lockgroove portion. 
     
     
       21. The multipieced fastener of claim 20 with said opposite end of said pin with said gripping means being tapered generally at an angle of around 15° with a line transverse to the longitudinal axis of said pin shank portion. 
     
     
       22. In a fastening system for securing a plurality of workpieces together under a relatively low clamp force, said fastening system comprising: (1) a multipieced fastener including: (a) a pin member having an elongated pin shank portion,   (b) a collar member operably associated with said pin member and having a tubular shank portion adapted to be located on said pin shank portion, and   (c) a pintail member separate from said pin member and operatively connected with said collar member,     (2) an installation tool including: (a) gripping means for gripping said pintail member, and   (b) swage means adapted to engage said collar member and having a swage cavity adapted to radially overengage said collar member to swage said collar member onto said pin member,     said installation tool being actuable to apply a relative axial force of a first preselected magnitude between said collar member and said pintail member to axially move said swage means to radially overengage said collar member with said swage cavity to swage said tubular shank portion onto said pin shank portion with said first preselected magnitude of relative axial force being applied substantially between said pintail member and said collar member whereby the clamp load applied to said workpieces by the swaged connection between said collar member and said pin member can be relatively low.   
     
     
       23. The fastening system of claim 22 with said swage cavity of said installation tool having a radially inwardly extending shoulder adapted to engage the end of said collar member in general axial alignment with the end of said pin shank portion to resist further relative movement of said swage cavity over said collar member to provide a predetermined axial length of swage of said collar member whereby the clamp load on said workpieces can be provided at a relatively low magnitude.