Dummy for practicing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of a human being

Abstract

A dummy for practicing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of a human being comprising a simulation of the thorax and the head and a lungs simulation in the form of a bag which can be inflated through the mouth or nose opening of the head. The thorax is formed by a hollow body of plastic material, which is in air exchange relationship with the atmosphere and which has stiffening ribs which reproduce approximately human ribs. In that arrangement the number and size of the stiffening ribs are so selected that the compressibility and return force of the thorax correspond to those of a human thorax not only in regard to extent but also in terms of their nature and form, and thus provide a particularly good approximation to the behavior of a human thorax.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A dummy for practicing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of a human being, comprising a simulation of the thorax and the head, wherein the thorax simulation is formed by a hollow body of plastic material that has a through-opening and has an internal cavity that is in constant air exchange relationship with the atmosphere via the through-opening, so that the pneumatic pressure that exists within the cavity does not vary during the course of its use, and wherein the hollow body is of a wall thickness which is so selected that the compressibility and return force of the thorax simulation correspond to those of a human thorax. 
     
     
       2. A dummy as set forth in claim 1 wherein the wall thickness increases from the middle section corresponding to the sternum towards both sides. 
     
     
       3. A dummy as set forth in claim 1 wherein the hollow body has stiffening ribs the number and size of which are so selected that the compressibility and return force of the hollow body correspond to those of a human thorax. 
     
     
       4. A dummy as set forth in one of claim 1 wherein the hollow body has an upper portion with a thorax top side and a box-shaped lower portion. 
     
     
       5. A dummy as set forth in claim 1 wherein the hollow body has an extension as a neck simulation, to which the head is fixed. 
     
     
       6. A dummy for practicing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of a human being, comprising a simulation of the thorax and the head, wherein the thorax simulation is formed by a blow-molded hollow body formed of plastic material, which is in air exchange relationship with the atmosphere and which is of a wall thickness which is so selected that the compressibility and return force of the thorax simulation correspond to those of a human thorax, wherein the hollow body has stiffening ribs in the form of rib-like beads on the wall of the hollow body, the number and size of which are so selected that the compressibility and return force of the hollow body correspond to those of a human thorax. 
     
     
       7. A dummy for practicing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of a human being comprising: a simulation of the thorax and the head formed by a hollow body of plastic material, which is in air exchange relationship with the atmosphere and which is of a wall thickness which is so selected that the compressibility and return force of the thorax simulation correspond to those of a human thorax; and   a cover formed of an elastically deformable material which covers the hollow body and which is releasably mounted to the hollow body and a bag for simulating the lungs disposed between the cover and the hollow body, wherein the elasticity of the cover determines the inflation resistance of the bag to approximate the inflation resistance of the human lungs.   
     
     
       8. A dummy as set forth in claim 7 wherein the cover has a top side which reproduces the form of the human upper body and has a relief configuration at least of the costal arch and the sternum. 
     
     
       9. A dummy as set forth in claim 7 wherein the lungs bag can be releasably fixed to the hollow body by an elastic fixing element located at an edge of the lungs bag. 
     
     
       10. A dummy as set forth in claim 9 wherein the fixing element is an elastic band which is fixed to the hollow body and which has a holding projection which can be inserted into a hole in the edge of the bag. 
     
     
       11. A dummy as set forth in claim 7 wherein the hollow body has an oppositely displaced longitudinal side and the cover is pivotably fixed to one side of the hollow body by a hinge and is releasably secured to the oppositely disposed longitudinal side of the hollow body. 
     
     
       12. A dummy as set forth in one of claim 7 wherein the cover has a projecting neck projection which in the closed condition of the cover covers the extension of the hollow body, wherein the trachea simulation of the lungs bag extends over the extension and under the neck projection, and wherein the lungs bag can be freely lifted out from the hollow body and the extension after the cover has been opened and the mandible removed. 
     
     
       13. A dummy for practicing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of a human being, comprising a simulation of the thorax and the head, wherein the thorax simulation is formed by a hollow body of plastic material, which is in air exchange relationship with the atmosphere and which is of a wall thickness which is so selected that the compressibility and return force of the thorax simulation correspond to those of a human thorax, and wherein the hollow body has an extension as a neck simulation, to which the head is fixed and the head has two lateral resiliently outwardly bendable strip extensions and wherein respective elements of a resilient snap connection means are arranged on the neck extension and on the strip extensions. 
     
     
       14. A dummy as set forth in claim 13 further comprising laterally projecting pin projections are provided on the neck extension and provided on the strip extensions are openings to which the pin projections can engage to form a pivotal connection for the head to the hollow body. 
     
     
       15. A dummy for practicing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of a human being, comprising: a simulation of the thorax and the head, including the trachea, wherein the thorax simulation is formed by a hollow body of plastic material, which is in air exchange relationship with the atmosphere and which is of a wall thickness which is so selected that the compressibility and return force of the thorax simulation correspond to those of a human thorax: and   a mandible which is releasably fixed in the head and a holding means for releasably fixing an end portion of the trachea simulation, wherein the end portion of the trachea simulation is a valve housing of a non-return exhalation valve which in mouth-to-mouth resuscitation permits blowing into the lungs bag but which upon emptying of air from the inflated lungs bag diverts the flow of air into the interior of the head which is in air exchange relationship with the atmosphere.   
     
     
       16. A dummy as set forth in claim 15 wherein the holding means for the valve housing is provided on the releasable mandible. 
     
     
       17. A dummy as set forth in claim 16 wherein the valve housing has a connecting element and that in the condition of the valve housing of being inserted into the holding means the connecting element is freely accessible and can be coupled to a corresponding connecting element of a mask which simulates the face. 
     
     
       18. A dummy as set forth in claim 17 wherein the connecting element is a holding edge, which projects in a flange-like configuration, of a connecting portion and the connecting element of the mask is a tubular projection of an elastomeric material, which can be pressed on to the holding edge. 
     
     
       19. A dummy as set forth in claim 17 further comprising a mask and wherein the mask entirely consists of a soft elastomeric material. 
     
     
       20. A dummy as set forth in claim 16 wherein the lungs bag can be freely removed together with the mandible. 
     
     
       21. A dummy for practicing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of a human being, comprising a simulation of the thorax and the head, wherein the thorax simulation is formed by a hollow body of plastic material, which is in air exchange relationship with the atmosphere and which is of a wall thickness which is so selected that the compressibility and return force of the thorax simulation correspond to those of a human thorax, and wherein the hollow body has at its underside an opening which is of such a size that the head can be pressed into and disposed in the interior of the hollow body, with elastic deformation of the edge of the opening. 
     
     
       22. A dummy for practicing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of a human being, comprising a simulation of the thorax and the head, wherein the thorax simulation is formed by a hollow body of plastic material, which is in air exchange relationship with the atmosphere and which is of a wall thickness which is so selected that the compressibility and return force of the thorax simulation correspond to those of a human thorax, and wherein disposed interior of the hollow body is a mechanical sound generator which produces a sound signal at each sufficient compression of the thorax. 
     
     
       23. A dummy as set forth in claim 22 wherein the sound generator is releasably fixed to or can be reoriented with respect to the interior the chest wall of the hollow body.