Indexable threading and turning insert with pressed-in chip breakers

Abstract

An indexable threading and turning insert with integral press-in chip breakers, having a threading insert portion and a turning insert portion. Each of the threading insert portion and the turning insert portion has, respectively, an integral pressed-in chip breaker having ideal chip management characteristics. The indexable threading and turning insert has a substantially diamond shape having a first planar face, an opposite second planar face, and four insert faces extending between the first and second planar faces. The threading insert portion is characterized by a first cutting edge formed at the intersection of the first insert face and a first land and a second cutting edge formed at the intersection of the second insert face and a second land. The first and second cutting edges have a plurality of noses separated by gullets. First and second integral, pressed-in chip breakers, each in the form of a raised island, the incident face contour thereof corresponding to the nose-and-gullet contour of the respective cutting edge adjacent thereto. The turning insert portion is characterized by third and fourth cutting edges located, respectively, at the intersection of a third land with the third and fourth insert faces, and at the intersection of a fourth land with the third and fourth insert faces. Third and fourth integral, pressed-in chip breakers, each in the form of a raised island corresponding to the contour of the respective cutting edge adjacent thereto.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An indexable threading and turning insert for selectively providing threading and turning of a workpiece, comprising: an insert body having a first side and an opposite second side, said insert body having a first corner and an opposite second corner, said insert body having a first insert face and a second insert face mutually adjoining said first corner, and a third insert face and a fourth insert face mutually adjoining said second corner;   a first cutting edge formed at an intersection of said first insert face and said first insert side;   a second cutting edge formed at an intersection of said second insert face and said second insert side;   a third cutting edge formed at an intersection of said third insert face and said first side;   a fourth cutting edge formed at an intersection of said fourth insert face and said second side; and   wherein said first cutting edge and said first insert face provide a contour for providing a first thread form on a workpiece, said second cutting edge and said second insert face provide a contour for providing a second thread form on a workpiece, and said third cutting edge and said fourth cutting edge provide a turning edge for material removal on a workpiece.   
     
     
       2. The indexable threading and turning insert of claim 1, further comprising: first chip breaker means integrally connected with said first side for providing workpiece chip control adjacent said first cutting edge;   second chip breaker means integrally connected with said second side for providing workpiece chip control adjacent said second cutting edge;   third chip breaker means integrally connected with said first side for providing workpiece chip control adjacent said third cutting edge; and   fourth chip breaker means integrally connected with said second side for providing workpiece chip control adjacent said fourth cutting edge.   
     
     
       3. An indexable threading insert with pressed-in chip breakers for providing thread forms on a workpiece, comprising: an insert body having a first side and an opposite second side, said insert body further having a first corner, a second corner opposite said first corner, a third corner and a fourth corner opposite said third corner, said insert body having a first insert face and a second insert face which mutually adjoin said first corner, said insert body having a third insert face and a fourth insert face which mutually adjoin said second corner, a first cutting edge being formed at an intersection of said first insert face and said first side, a second cutting edge being formed at an intersection of said second insert face and said second side, said first cutting edge and said first face being provided with a predetermined contour for providing a predetermined thread form on a workpiece, said second cutting edge and said second insert face having said predetermined contour;   a first chip breaker integrally connected with said first side of said insert body, said first chip breaker comprising a first raised island comprising: a first incident face having said predetermined contour, said first incident face being recessed a predetermined distance from said first cutting edge; and   a first planar face contiguously adjoining said first incident face, said first incident face being oriented at a predetermined incident angle with respect to said first planar face; and     a second chip breaker integrally connected with said second side of said insert body, said second chip breaker comprising a second raised island comprising: a second incident face having said predetermined contour, said second incident face being recessed said predetermined distance from said second cutting edge; and   a second planar face contiguously adjoining said second incident face, said second incident face being oriented with respect to said second planar face at said predetermined incident angle, said first planar face being parallel with respect to said second planar face;     wherein said insert body, said first chip breaker and said second chip breaker are collectively inversely symmetrical with respect to a diagonal between said first and second corners;   wherein said predetermined contour of said first and second cutting edges and said first and second insert faces comprises a plurality of noses, each nose of said plurality of noses being separated from each other by a gullet; and   wherein said predetermined contour on said first and second incident faces comprises a scalloped portion respectively adjacent to and facing toward each said nose of said plurality of noses.   
     
     
       4. An indexable threading and turning insert with pressed-in chip breakers for selectively providing threading and turning of a workpiece, comprising: an insert body having a first side and an opposite second side, said insert body further having a first corner, a second corner opposite said first corner, a third corner and a fourth corner opposite said third corner, said insert body having a first insert face and a second insert face which mutually adjoin said first corner, said insert body having a third insert face and a fourth insert face which mutually adjoin said second corner, a first cutting edge being formed at an intersection of said first insert face and said first side, a second cutting edge being formed at an intersection of said second insert face and said second side, said first cutting edge and said first face being provided with a first predetermined contour for providing a predetermined thread form on a workpiece, said second cutting edge and said second insert face having said first predetermined contour, a third cutting edge being formed at an intersection of said third insert face and said first side, and a fourth cutting edge being formed at an intersection of said fourth insert face and said second side;   first chip breaker means integrally connected with said first side of said insert body for providing workpiece chip control adjacent said first cutting edge;   second chip breaker means integrally connected with said second side of said insert body for providing workpiece chip control adjacent said second cutting edge;   third chip breaker means integrally connected with said first side of said insert body for providing workpiece chip control adjacent said third cutting edge; and   fourth chip breaker means integrally connected with said second side of said insert body for providing workpiece chip control adjacent said fourth cutting edge;   wherein said first corner, said first face, said first cutting edge, said second face, said second cutting edge, said first chip breaker means and said second chip breaker means collectively comprise a threading insert portion for providing a thread form on a workpiece; and wherein said third corner, said third cutting edge, said fourth face, said fourth cutting edge, said third chip breaker means and said fourth chip breaker means collectively comprise a turning insert portion for providing turning of a workpiece.   
     
     
       5. The indexable threading and turning insert of claim 4, wherein said first and second chip breaker means comprise: a first chip breaker comprising: a first incident face having said predetermined contour, said first incident face being recessed a predetermined distance from said first cutting edge; and   a first planar face contiguously adjoining said first incident face, said first incident face being oriented at a predetermined incident angle with respect to said first planar face; and     a second chip breaker comprising: a second incident face having said predetermined contour, said second incident face being recessed said predetermined distance from said second cutting edge; and   a second planar face contiguously adjoining said second incident face, said second incident face being oriented with respect to said second planar face at said predetermined incident angle, said first planar face being parallel with respect to said second planar face.     
     
     
       6. The indexable threading and turning insert of claim 5, wherein said first side between said first cutting edge and said first incident face forms a first land, said first land being positively angled with respect to a plane parallel with said first planar face at an angle of substantially nine and one-half degrees; and wherein said second side between said second cutting edge and said second incident face forms a second land, said second land being positively angled with respect to a plane parallel with said second planar face at an angle of substantially nine and one-half degrees. 
     
     
       7. The indexable threading and turning insert of claim 6, wherein said first planar surface is generally perpendicular to said first insert face; wherein said second planar face is generally perpendicular to said second insert face; and wherein said predetermined incident angle is substantially thirty degrees. 
     
     
       8. The indexable threading and turning insert of claim 7, wherein said predetermined contour of said first and second cutting edges and said first and second insert faces comprises a plurality of noses, each nose of said plurality of noses being separated from each other by a gullet. 
     
     
       9. The indexable threading and turning insert of claim 8, wherein said first predetermined contour comprises a scalloped portion respectively adjacent to and facing toward each said nose of said plurality of noses. 
     
     
       10. The indexable threading and turning insert of claim 9, wherein said predetermined contour provides buttress form threads on a workpiece. 
     
     
       11. The indexable threading and turning insert of claim 9, wherein said third and fourth chip breaker means comprise: a third chip breaker comprising a third incident face recessed from said third cutting edge, said third incident face contiguously adjoining said first planar face, said third incident face having a second predetermined configuration; and   a fourth chip breaker comprising a fourth incident face recessed from said fourth cutting edge, said fourth incident face contiguously adjoining said second planar face, said fourth incident face having said second predetermined configuration.   
     
     
       12. The indexable threading and turning insert of claim 11, wherein said first side between said third cutting edge and said third incident face forms a third land, said third land being positively angled with respect to a plane parallel with said first planar face at an angle of substantially seven degrees; and wherein said second side between said fourth cutting edge and said fourth incident face forms a fourth land, said fourth land being positively angled with respect to a plane parallel with said second planar face at an angle of substantially seven degrees. 
     
     
       13. The indexable threading and turning insert of claim 12, wherein said second predetermined contour comprises substantially a double-stepped, wing-back shape in registry with said second corner. 
     
     
       14. The indexable threading and turning insert of claim 13, wherein said second predetermined contour comprises: a rectilinear portion adjacent said second corner, said rectilinear portion having first and second ends facing away from said second corner;   first and second linear portions respectively contiguous each of said first and second ends of said rectilinear portion; and   first and second curvilinear portions respectively contiguous each linear portion;   wherein said rectilinear portion, said first and second linear portions, and said first and second curvilinear portions collectively define said wing-back shape.   
     
     
       15. The indexable threading and turning insert of claim 14, wherein said second predetermined contour further comprises a substantially U-shaped leading segment of said first and second curvilinear portions spaced from said rectilinear portion and said first and second linear portions, said U-shaped leading segment being in registry with said rectilinear portion; a first neutral face being formed between respective said third and fourth lands and said first and second curvilinear portions; a second neutral face being formed between said U-shaped leading segment and said rectilinear portion and said first and second linear portions. 
     
     
       16. The indexable threading and turning insert of claim 15, wherein said insert body is diamond shaped, wherein said first and second corners are acute and said third and fourth corners are obtuse. 
     
     
       17. An indexable threading and turning insert with pressed-in chip breakers and a toolholder therefor for selectively providing threading and turning of a workpiece, comprising: a toolholder having a toolholder axis, said toolholder having a forward end, said forward end having a pocket formed therein, said pocket being negatively angled with respect to said toolholder axis at a predetermined pocket angle;   an indexable threading and turning insert with pressed-in chip breakers receivable in said pocket, comprising: an insert body having a first side and an opposite second side, said insert body further having a first corner, a second corner opposite said first corner, a third corner and a fourth corner opposite said third corner, said insert body having a first insert face and a second insert face which mutually adjoin said first corner, said insert body having a third insert face and a fourth insert face which mutually adjoin said second corner, a first cutting edge being formed at an intersection of said first insert face and said first side, a second cutting edge being formed at an intersection of said second insert face and said second side, said first cutting edge and said first face being provided with a first predetermined contour for providing a predetermined thread form on a workpiece, said second cutting edge and said second insert face having said first predetermined contour, a third cutting edge being formed at an intersection of said third insert face and said first side, and a fourth cutting edge being formed at an intersection of said fourth insert face and said second side;     first chip breaker means integrally connected with said first side of said insert body for providing workpiece chip control adjacent said first cutting edge;   second chip breaker means integrally connected with said second side of said insert body for providing workpiece chip control adjacent said second cutting edge;   third chip breaker means integrally connected with said first side of said insert body for providing workpiece chip control adjacent said third cutting edge; and   fourth chip breaker means integrally connected with said second side of said insert body for providing workpiece chip control adjacent said fourth cutting edge;   wherein said first corner, said first face, said first cutting edge, said second face, said second cutting edge, said first chip breaker means and said second chip breaker means collectively comprise a threading insert portion for providing a thread form on a workpiece; and wherein said third corner, said third cutting edge, said fourth face, said fourth cutting edge, said third chip breaker means and said fourth chip breaker means collectively comprise a turning insert portion for providing turning of a workpiece; and   means for releasably affixing said indexable threading and turning insert within said pocket so that one of said first, second, third and fourth cutting edges projects therefrom to thereby provide an active cutting edge.   
     
     
       18. The indexable threading and turning insert and toolholder therefor of claim 17, wherein said first and second chip breaker means comprise: a first chip breaker comprising: a first incident face having said predetermined contour, said first incident face being recessed a predetermined distance from said first cutting edge; and   a first planar face contiguously adjoining said frost incident face, said first incident face being oriented at a predetermined incident angle with respect to said first planar face; and     a second chip breaker comprising: a second incident face having said predetermined contour, said second incident face being recessed said predetermined distance from said second cutting edge; and   a second planar face contiguously adjoining said second incident face, said second incident face being oriented with respect to said second planar face at said predetermined incident angle, said first planar face being parallel with respect to said second planar face;     wherein said first side between said first cutting edge and said first incident face forms a first land, said first land being positively angled with respect to a plane parallel to said first planar face at a first predetermined rake angle; and wherein said second side between said second cutting edge and said second incident face forms a second land, said second land being positively angled with respect to a plane parallel to said second planar face at said first predetermined rake angle; and   wherein said pocket angle of said pocket positions a portion of the land of the active cutting edge that is angled in parallel alignment with respect to the pocket angle at a neutral angle with respect to the tool axis; and wherein said pocket angle of said pocket positions a portion of the incident face of the active cutting edge that is in parallel alignment with the negative angle of the pocket at an effective angle of incidence with respect to the toolholder axis equal to the stun of said predetermined pocket angle and said predetermined incident angle.   
     
     
       19. The indexable threading and turning insert and toolholder therefor of claim 18, wherein said first planar surface is generally perpendicular to said first insert face; wherein said second planar face is generally perpendicular to said second insert face; wherein said predetermined pocket angle is substantially nine and one-half degrees; wherein said predetermined rake angle is substantially nine and one-half degrees; and wherein said predetermined incident angle is substantially thirty degrees. 
     
     
       20. The indexable threading and turning insert and toolholder therefor of claim 19, wherein said predetermined contour of said first and second cutting edges and said first and second insert faces comprises a plurality of noses, each nose of said plurality of noses being separated from each other by a gullet; and wherein said first predetermined contour comprises a scalloped portion respectively adjacent to and facing toward each said nose of said plurality of noses. 
     
     
       21. The indexable threading and turning insert and toolholder therefor of claim 17, wherein said third and fourth chip breaker means comprise: a third chip breaker comprising a third incident face recessed from said third cutting edge, said third incident face contiguously adjoining said first planar face, said third incident face having a second predetermined configuration; and   a fourth chip breaker comprising a fourth incident face recessed from said fourth cutting edge, said fourth incident face contiguously adjoining said second planar face, said fourth incident face having said second predetermined configuration;   wherein said first side between said third cutting edge and said third incident face forms a third land, said third land being positively angled with respect to a plane parallel with said first planar face at an angle of substantially seven degrees; wherein said second side between said fourth cutting edge and said fourth incident face forms a fourth land, said fourth land being positively angled with respect to a plane parallel with said second planar face at an angle of substantially seven degrees; and wherein said predetermined pocket angle is substantially seven degrees, wherein said pocket positions a portion of the land of the active cutting edge that is angled in parallel alignment with respect to the pocket angle at a neutral angle with respect to the tool axis.   
     
     
       22. The indexable threading and turning insert and toolholder therefor of claim 21, wherein said first planar surface is generally perpendicular to said first insert face; wherein said second planar face is generally perpendicular to said second insert face.