Stereotactic guidance device

Abstract

A portable stereotactic guidance having coordinated targeting and delivery assemblies. Aligning and orientating a medical instrument in a three-dimensional plane by specific cartesian coordinates or live imaging. The device may operate in conjunction with an X-Ray or CT scanner so as to image a patient allowing the surgeon to accurately introduce a probe such as a needle, cannula, or guide wires into the human body at a preselected angle. The device fits over a patient using and is used in conjunction with an alignment guide to read X, Y and Z coordinates as well as associated angles for precise orientating of a delivery system. Provision is made for aligning of the device can be performed during real time X-Ray or scanning through a target assembly having cross hatching to target an object for use as a reference point. Once a target is set, the delivery system is aligned by sliding the delivery system within a cartesian coordinate system thereby rotating the stir ups along a polar coordinate system. The delivery system can be aligned by rotation of the stir ups to either specified angels or desired images. The delivery system can be used independently from the targeting system.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A surgery guidance device comprising: a base for securing to a table, said base forming an adjustable guidance carrier for positioning over a patient's body characterized by two horizontally disposed spaced apart rigid lower support members each having a length with a first end and a second end, said lower support members having upwardly facing support legs positioned perpendicular thereto coupling horizontally disposed spaced apart rigid upper support members placed in a parallel plane to said lower support members, each upper support member having a length with a first end and a second end attached to said support legs, each upper and lower support member as joined by said support legs forming a side member assembly, and each end of each upper support member having a cross brace member disposed therebetween;   an interface frame assembly slidably disposed within said upper support members, said frame having an upper surface and a width and a length less than a length of said base, said upper surface of said interface frame assembly including at least one side rail crossing said width of said interface frame assembly, each said side rail having a guide track on its upper surface;   an arch frame assembly slidably disposed within said interface frame assembly having a width and a length, said arch frame assembly width less than said width of said interface frame assembly; an alignment slat secured to said arch frame assembly with said guide track operatively associated with said alignment slat; an arc member pivotally coupled to said arch frame assembly; means for tilting said arc member; and a delivery system pivotally coupled to said arc member.   
     
     
       2. The guidance device according to claim 1 wherein an upper surface of each said upper support member includes a guide track disposed between said first end and said second end operatively associated with an alignment slat secured to said interface frame assembly. 
     
     
       3. The guidance device according to claim 1 including a means for moving said interface frame assembly along said length of said upper support members. 
     
     
       4. The guidance device according to claim 1 wherein said interface frame assembly includes a position determining means in relation to said base support. 
     
     
       5. The guidance device according to claim 1 including a means for moving said arch frame assembly along said width of said interface frame assembly. 
     
     
       6. The guidance device according to claim 1 wherein said arch frame assembly includes measurement indicia for positioning in relation to said interface frame assembly. 
     
     
       7. The guidance device according to claim 1 wherein said arch frame assembly includes a circular shaped receptacle along each side support rail for rotatable receipt of said arc member, said receptacle having measurement indicia placed along a side surface to assist in angular positioning of said arc member. 
     
     
       8. The guidance device according to claim 7 wherein said receptacle includes a means for securing said arc member in a fixed position. 
     
     
       9. The guidance device according to claim 1 including an alignment target frame assembly defined by two vertically disposed legs slidable along the longitudinal length of each said side member assembly and connected by a horizontally disposed cross connect set a predetermined distance above said base support member. 
     
     
       10. The guidance device according to claim 9 wherein said alignment target frame assembly includes at least one targeting device having a means for real time positioning and a means for determination of angular positioning to said interface frame. 
     
     
       11. The guidance device according to claim 10 wherein said means for real time positioning is further defined as a sight tube having cross-hairs for imaging therethrough. 
     
     
       12. The guidance device according to claim 10 wherein determination of angular positioning is performed by reading of angular degree indicia positioned along the circumference of a securement bolt having an alignment marker maintained in a parallel position to a stirrup wire coupled to said interface frame. 
     
     
       13. The guidance device according to claim 10 wherein said means for real time positioning is further defined as a sight tube having cross-hairs for imaging therethrough. 
     
     
       14. The guidance device according to claim 10 wherein determination of angular positioning is performed by reading of angular degree indicia positioned along the circumference of a securement bolt having an alignment marker maintained in a parallel position to a stirrup wire coupled to said arch frame assembly. 
     
     
       15. The guidance device according to claim 1 wherein said delivery system is constructed from transparent material with at least one bracket available for releasably coupling a surgical tool. 
     
     
       16. The guidance device according to claim 1 wherein including a means for locking said delivery system to said arc member having positioning indicia disposed on said arc member. 
     
     
       17. A surgery guidance device for use in combination with a X-Ray or CT scanner comprising: a base defined by two horizontally disposed spaced apart rigid lower support members each having a length with a first end and a second end with upwardly facing support legs positioned perpendicular thereto coupling horizontally disposed spaced apart rigid upper support members placed in a parallel plane to said lower support member, each upper support member having a length with a first end and a second And attached to said support legs, and each end of each upper support member having a cross brace member disposed therebetween;   a interface frame assembly slidably disposed within said upper support members, said interface frame having a width and a length less than a length of said base support member;   a means for moving said interface frame assembly along a length of said base;   an arch frame assembly slidably disposed within said interface frame assembly having a width and a length, said arch frame assembly width less than said width of said interface frame assembly;   a means for moving said arch frame assembly along a width of said interface frame;   an arc member coupled to said arch frame assembly defined as a substantially inverted U-shaped housing pivotable along said width of said arch frame assembly;   means for tilting said arc member, said means for tilting including a means for securing said arc member in an angular position;   a delivery system pivotally coupled to said arch member;   an alignment target frame assembly defined by at least one vertically disposed leg slidable along the longitudinal length of one said side member coupled to said interface frame assembly; and   a means for securing said base to an X-Ray or scanning table.   
     
     
       18. The guidance device according to claim 17 wherein said alignment target frame assembly includes a positioning bracket slidable along a vertical length of said first leg. 
     
     
       19. The guidance device according to claim 18 wherein said positioning bracket includes a through hole having a centrally disposed positioning marker and exterior angular indicia marking. 
     
     
       20. The guidance device according to claim 17 wherein said side member is coupled to said interface frame assembly by a rigid rod having a first end rotatably coupled to a positioning bracket and a free end slidably attached to said interface frame assembly, said rigid rod angular displacement read against exterior angular indicia marking. 
     
     
       21. A method of targeting and delivery of surgical devices said method comprising: positioning a base support frame over the body of a patient placed upon a support table;   inserting an interface frame onto said system frame;   placing an arch assembly onto said interface frame;   coupling a targeting frame assembly to said system frame with stirrups coordinating said targeting frame to said interface frame and said arch assembly;   attaching a delivery bracket to said arch frame assembly;   means for aligning said delivery bracket to a predetermined position by setting an angle of lateral and longitudinal entry.   
     
     
       22. The method of targeting according to claim 21 wherein said means for aligning includes the steps of: sliding said target frame along said base system frame to a desired location and locking in position so as to set the X coordinate;   sliding said side mounted target assembly along said target frame to a desired location and locking said side target assembly in position providing coordinate Y; and   sliding said top target assembly along said target frame to a desired location and locking in position for providing a coordinate Z.   
     
     
       23. The method of targeting according to claim 21 wherein said setting of an angle of lateral entry comprises the steps of: sliding said interface along said base system frame until side stirrup aligns with a desired angle wherein said slide interface frame is locked in position; and   adjusting a desired angle of the arch rotator with arch frame to match angle side stirrup and lock in position.   
     
     
       24. The method of targeting according to claim 21 wherein said setting of an angle of longitudinal entry comprises the steps of: sliding said arch frame along said interface frame until said top stirrup aligns with a desired angle wherein said arch frame is locked in position; and   sliding said delivery system along said arch assembly to match angle of said top stirrup wherein said delivery system is locked into position.