Photogrammetric camera, in particular for photogrammetric measurements of technical objects

Abstract

A photogrammetric camera, in particular for photogrammetric measurements of technical objects, has a primary lens system (10) designed as a focussable objective and a combination of at least one high-resolution sensor (12, 14, 16) and a lens unit (18, 20, 22) which acts as a secondary lens system for producing an enlarged section of the focal plane of the primary objective on the high-resolution sensor. The secondary objective and the high-resolution sensor are movable across the optical axis (26) of the primary objective. High-resolution distance measurement devices (28, 30) which detect the distance between the projection center of the secondary objective and a reference point of the high-resolution sensor on the one hand and the optical axis of the primary objective on the other hand are associated to the secondary objective and to the high-resolution sensor.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A photogrammetric camera, comprising: a focussable primary lens system having a focal plane;   a high resolution sensor unit which is movable across an optical axis of said primary lens system, wherein said high resolution sensor unit includes a secondary lens system which reproduces at least one enlarged section of the focal plane of said primary lens system on at least one high resolution sensor allocated to said secondary lens unit; and   a distance measuring unit including at least one high resolution distance measurement device which detects the distance between at least one projection center of said secondary lens system and a reference point of said at least one high resolution sensor, and the distance between the projection center and said optical axis of said primary lens system.   
     
     
       2. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one high resolution sensor includes a multiplicity of high resolution sensors arranged with an allocated multiplicity of secondary lens systems in a matrix having constant column distances and constant row distances. 
     
     
       3. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one secondary lens system include a multiplicity of cascaded individual lens systems. 
     
     
       4. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one high resolution sensor and said at least one secondary lens system are arranged on a common slide and can be moved together. 
     
     
       5. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one high resolution sensor and said at least one secondary lens system are arranged on separate slides and can be moved independently from one another. 
     
     
       6. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one high resolution sensor is a CCD line. 
     
     
       7. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one high resolution sensor is a CCD surface. 
     
     
       8. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 1, further comprising high resolution spatial position measurement devices are allocated to the primary lens system. 
     
     
       9. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 8, wherein said spacial position measurement devices include at least three high resolution distance measurement devices arranged evenly on a mantle surface lying coaxially to the optical axis of the primary lens system. 
     
     
       10. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high resolution distance measurement devices indicate position for determining the position of a sampling arrangement relative to a positionable surface with positionable surfaces on said at least one secondary lens system, the high resolution sensors and the primary lens system and sampling arrangements on a common housing or the reverse, whereby on the positionable surface marks of constant interval with an absolute coding are arranged in two coordinate directions and samplers stand opposite these marks, whereby the samplers are connected to a coordinate processor and whereby the samplers include an angle measurement device in each case, by means of which projection angle between a reference point of the angle measurement device of the sampler in each case and at least three adjacently arranged marks are determined and the processor is controlled such that it calculates the coordinates of the reference point in each case according to trigonometric functions. 
     
     
       11. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 10, wherein the coordinate processor processes the following functions or equations as trigonometric functions: ##EQU6## where α refers to the projection angle between an associated reference point as wall as a first and a second adjacent mark, β refers to the projection angle between the associated reference point and a second as well as a third adjacent mark, Δ is the distance between two adjacent marks and X 0 , Y 0 , Z 0  represent the coordinates of the associated reference points relative to the positionable surface. 
     
     
       12. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 2, wherein said at least one secondary lens system includes several cascaded individual lens systems. 
     
     
       13. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 2, wherein said at least one high resolution sensor and said at least one secondary lens system are arranged on a common slide and can be moved together. 
     
     
       14. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 3, wherein said at least one high resolution sensor and said at least one secondary lens system are arranged on a common slide and can be moved together. 
     
     
       15. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 11, wherein said at least one high resolution sensor and said at least one secondary lens system are arranged on a common slide and can be moved together. 
     
     
       16. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 2, wherein said at least one high resolution sensor and said at least one secondary lens system are arranged on separate slides and can be moved independently from one another. 
     
     
       17. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 3, wherein said at least one high resolution sensor and said at least one secondary lens system are arranged on separate slides and can be moved independently from one another. 
     
     
       18. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 11, wherein said at least one high resolution sensor and said at least one secondary lens system are arranged on separate slides and can be moved independently from one another. 
     
     
       19. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 14, wherein said at least one high resolution sensor and said at least one secondary lens system are arranged on separate slides and can be moved independently from one another. 
     
     
       20. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 2, wherein said at least one high resolution sensor is a CCD line. 
     
     
       21. A photogrammetric camera as claimed in claim 2, wherein said at least one high resolution sensor is a CCD surface. 
     
     
       22. A photogrammetric camera, comprising: a focussable primary lens system having a focal plane;   a sensor unit which is movable across an optical axis of said primary lens system, wherein said sensor unit includes a secondary lens system which reproduces at least one enlarged section of the focal plane of said primary lens system on at least one sensor allocated to said secondary lens unit; and   a distance measuring unit including at least one distance measurement device which detects the distance between at least one projection center of said secondary lens system and a reference point of said at least one sensor, and the distance between the projection center and said optical axis of said primary lens system.