Permanent magnetic material and bond magnet

Abstract

A permanent magnetic material of the present invention has a TbCu7 phase as the principal phase and high magnetic characteristics with an extremely small variation among the values. This permanent magnetic material is expressed in a general formula: R1XR2yAzOuBvM100-x-y-z-u-vwherein R1 is at least one element selected from the rare earth elements including Y, R2 is at least one element selected from Zr, Hf and Sc, A is at least one element selected from hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus, M is at least one element selected from Fe and Co, x, y, z, u and v are atomic percent individually defined as 2</=x, 0.01</=y, 4</=x+y</=20, 0.001</=z</=10, 0.01</=u</=2, 0<v</=10, and a principal phase has a TbCu7 crystal structure.

We claim: 
     
       1. A permanent magnetic material which is expressed in a general formula:   R1.sub.X R2.sub.y A.sub.z O.sub.u B.sub.v M.sub.100-x-y-z-u-v     wherein R1 is at least one element selected from the rare earth elements including Y, R2 is at least one element selected from Zr, Hf and Sc, A is at least one element selected from hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus, M is at least one element selected from Fe and Co, x, y, z, u and v are atomic percent individually defined as 2≦x, 0.01≦y, 4≦x+y≦20, 0.001≦z≦10, 0.01≦u≦2, 0<v≦10, and a principal phase has a TbCu 7  crystal structure.   
     
     
       2. The permanent magnetic material according to claim 1, wherein the ratio c/a of the lattice constants, a, c of the principal phase is 0.847 or more. 
     
     
       3. The permanent magnetic material according to claim 1, wherein the principal phase has a content ratio which comprises at least 50% by volume of the compound. 
     
     
       4. The permanent magnetic material according to claim 1, wherein the element R1 in said general formula contains Sm in an amount of 50 atomic % or more based on a total amount of the element R1, with the remaining portion excluding Sm and comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of Pr, Nd and Ce. 
     
     
       5. The permanent magnetic material according to claim 1, wherein M is contained in the principal phase in an amount of 90 atomic percent or more based on a total amount of said principal phase. 
     
     
       6. The permanent magnetic material according to claim 1, wherein x in said general formula is defined by 4≦x≦16. 
     
     
       7. The permanent magnetic material according to claim 1, wherein y in said general formula is defined by 0.1≦y. 
     
     
       8. The permanent magnetic material according to claim 1, wherein z in said general formula is defined by 2≦z≦20. 
     
     
       9. The permanent magnetic material according to claim 1, wherein u in said general formula is defined by 0.1≦u≦1.5. 
     
     
       10. The permanent magnetic material according to claim 1, wherein v in said general formula is defined by 0.01≦v≦4. 
     
     
       11. The permanent magnetic material according to claim 1, wherein M in said general formula is partly replaced by T in amount of 20 atomic percent or less, wherein T is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ti, Al, Ge, Ga, V, Ta, Mo, Nb, Sn, Cr, W, Mn, Cu, Ag and Ni. 
     
     
       12. A bond magnet comprising: permanent magnetic material expressed in a general formula:   R1.sub.X R2.sub.y A.sub.z O.sub.u B.sub.v M.sub.100-x-y-z-u-v     wherein R1 is at least one element selected from the rare earth elements including Y, R2 is at least one element selected from Zr, Hf and Sc, A is at least one element selected from hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus, M is at least one element selected from Fe and Co, x, y, z, u and v are atomic percent individually defined as 2≦x, 0.01≦y, 4≦x+y≦20, 0.001≦z≦10, 0.01≦u≦2, 0<v≦10, and a principal phase has a TbCu 7  crystal structure; and     a binder.   
     
     
       13. The bond magnet according to claim 12, which is used as a part of at least one member selected from a rotor and a stator of a motor.