Method for enhancing the absorption and transport of lipid soluble compounds using structured glycerides

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for enhancing the absorption of oil soluble (lipophilic) compounds such as oil soluble vitamins, hormones, nutrients and drugs in an animal. The inventive method comprises administering a lipophilic compound in conjunction with a structured glyceride component characterized in that at least 40% of the glyceride species have: (i) about 33 to 70 wt. % of acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms; (ii) about 30 to 67 wt. % of acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms; and (iii) an equivalent carbon number greater than 30 and less than 48. This invention also relates to compositions suitable for administrating to an animal comprising a lipophilic compound and a structured glyceride component characterized in that at least 40% of the glyceride species have: (i) about 33 to 70 wt. % of acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms; (ii) about 30 to 67 wt. % of acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms; and (iii) an equivalent carbon number greater than 30 and less than 48. The method and compositions of the invention are especially suited for animals that suffer from lipid malabsorption conditions such as Crohn's disease, Cystic fibrosis, and short bowel syndrome.

We claim: 
     
       1. A method for enhancing an animal's absorption of at least one lipophilic compound, said method comprising administering orally to said animal: (a) at least one lipophilic compound in conjunction with   (b) a structured glyceride component characterized in that it contains some triglyceride species and at least 40% of the triglyceride species have: (i) about 33 to 70 wt. % of medium chain acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms;   (ii) about 30 to 67 wt. % of long chain acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms; and   (iii) an equivalent carbon number of greater than 30 to less than 48.     
     
     
       2. The method according to claim 1 wherein said structured glyceride component predominantly comprises triglycerides. 
     
     
       3. The method according to claim 2 wherein said triglycerides comprise 45 to 65 wt. % of medium chain acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       4. The method according to claim 2 wherein said triglycerides comprise 35 to 55 wt. % of long chain acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       5. The method according to claim 2 wherein said triglycerides comprise 45 to 65 wt. % of medium chain acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms and 35 to 55 wt. % of long chain acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       6. A method according to claim 5 in which said at least 60% by weight of said structured glyceride has an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       7. A method according to claim 2 in which said structured glyceride has an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       8. The method according to claim 1 wherein said lipophilic compound is selected from the group consisting of oil soluble drugs, nutrients and vitamins. 
     
     
       9. The method according to claim 8 wherein said lipophilic compound is a vitamin selected from the group consisting of vitamin A and vitamin E. 
     
     
       10. A method according to claim 8 in which said oil soluble drug is selected from the group consisting of immunosuppressive agents, protease inhibitors, macrolide antibiotics, anesthetics, estrogens, estradiols, progesterone, testosterone, cortisone, phytoestrogens, dehydroepiandrosterone, and growth hormone. 
     
     
       11. A method according to claim 8 in which said vitamins are selected from the group consisting of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin K, carotenoids, and lycopenes. 
     
     
       12. The method according to claim 1 wherein the structured glyceride component is prepared by interesterification of an oil containing predominantly medium chain triglycerides and an oil containing predominantly long chain triglycerides in a ratio from about 1:2 to about 2:1. 
     
     
       13. The method of claim 12 wherein said structured glyceride component is prepared by chemical interesterification. 
     
     
       14. A method according to claim 12 in which said lipophilic compound is an oil soluble drug is selected from the group consisting of immunosuppressive agents, protease inhibitors, macrolide antibiotics, anesthetics, estrogens, estradiols, progesterone, testosterone, cortisone, phytoestrogens, dehydroepiandrosterone, and growth hormone. 
     
     
       15. A method according to claim 12 in which said lipophilic compound is a vitamin selected from the group consisting of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin K, carotenoids, and lycopenes. 
     
     
       16. A method according to claim 12 in which said medium chain triglycerides are obtain from fractionated coconut oil, fractionated palm kernel oil, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
       17. A method according to claim 12 in which said long chain triglycerides are obtained from an oil selected from the group consisting of borage, black currant seeds corn, coconut, canola, soybean, marine oils, fungal oils, safflower, high oleic safflower, sunflower, high oleic sunflower, olive, evening primrose, cottonseed, rice bran, grapeseed, flaxseed, butterfat, garlic, peanuts, almonds, walnuts, wheat germ, egg, sesame, lard, tallow and mutton. 
     
     
       18. The method according to claim 1 wherein at least 40% of the triglyceride species have an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       19. The method according to claim 1 wherein said animal suffers from a lipid malabsorption condition. 
     
     
       20. A method according to claim 1 in which said medium chain acyl moieties have from 6 to 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       21. A method according to claim 1 in which said medium chain acyl moieties have from 8 to 10 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       22. A method according to claim 1 in which said structured glyceride has an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       23. A method according to claim 1 in which said structured glyceride is produced using at least one recombinant oil. 
     
     
       24. A composition suitable for oral administration comprising: (a) at least one lipophilic compound; and   (b) a structured glyceride component characterized in that it contains some triglyceride species and at least 40% of the triglyceride species have: (i) about 33 to 70 wt. % of medium chain acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms;   (ii) about 30 to 67 wt. % of long chain acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms; and   (iii) an equivalent carbon number of greater than 30 to less than 48.     
     
     
       25. The composition according to claim 24 wherein said structured glyceride component predominantly comprises triglycerides. 
     
     
       26. The composition according to claim 25 wherein said triglycerides comprise 45 to 65 wt. % of medium chain acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       27. The composition according to claim 25 wherein said triglycerides comprise 35 to 55 wt. % of long chain acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       28. The composition according to claim 25 wherein said triglycerides comprise 45 to 65 wt. % of medium chain acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms and 35 to 55 wt. % of long chain acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       29. A composition according to claim 28 in which said at least 60% by weight of said structured glyceride has an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       30. A composition according to claim 25 in which said structured glyceride has an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       31. The composition according to claim 24 wherein the structured glyceride component is prepared by interesterification of an oil containing predominantly medium chain triglycerides and an oil containing predominantly long chain triglycerides in a ratio from about 1:2 to about 2:1. 
     
     
       32. The composition according to claim 31 wherein said structured glyceride is prepared by chemical interesterification; 
     
     
       33. A composition according to claim 32 which said structured glyceride is produced using at least one recombinant oil. 
     
     
       34. A composition according to claim 31 in which said lipophilic compound is an oil soluble drug is selected from the group consisting of immunosuppressive agents, protease inhibitors, macrolide antibiotics, anesthetics, estrogens, estradiols, progesterone, testosterone, cortisone, phytoestrogens, dehydroepiandrosterone, and growth hormone. 
     
     
       35. A composition according to claim 31 in which said lipophilic compound is a vitamin selected from the group consisting of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin K, carotenoids, and lycopenes. 
     
     
       36. A composition according to claim 31 in which said medium chain triglycerides are obtain from fractionated coconut oil, fractionated palm kernel oil, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
       37. A composition according to claim 31 in which said long chain triglycerides are obtained from an oil selected from the group consisting of borage, black currant seed, corn, coconut, canola, soybean, marine oils, fish oils, fungal oils, safflower, high oleic safflower, sunflower, high oleic sunflower, olive, evening primrose, cottonseed rice bran, grapeseed, flaxseed, butterfat, garlic, peanuts, almonds, walnuts, wheat germ, egg, sesame, lard, tallow and mutton. 
     
     
       38. A composition according to claim 31 in which said long chain triglycerides are obtained from fish oil. 
     
     
       39. A composition according to claim 38 in which said medium chain triglycerides are obtained from fractionated coconut oil. 
     
     
       40. The composition according to claim 24 wherein said lipophilic compound is selected from the group consisting of oil soluble drugs, nutrients and vitamins. 
     
     
       41. The composition according to claim 40 wherein said lipophilic compound is a vitamin selected from the group consisting of vitamin A and vitamin E. 
     
     
       42. The composition according to claim 24 wherein at least 40% of the triglyceride species have an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       43. A composition according to claim 24 in which said lipophilic compounds is an oil soluble drug is selected from the group consisting of immunosuppressive agents, protease inhibitors, macrolide antibiotics, anesthetics, estrogens, estradiols, progesterone, testosterone, cortisone, phytoestrogens, dehydroepiandrosterone, and growth hormone. 
     
     
       44. A composition according to claim 24 in which said lipophilic compounds is a vitamin selected from the group consisting of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin K, carotenoids, and lycopenes. 
     
     
       45. A composition according to claim 24 in which said medium chain acyl moieties have from 6 to 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       46. A composition according to claim 24 in which said medium chain acyl moieties have from 8 to 10 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       47. A composition according to claim 24 in which said structured glyceride has an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       48. A composition according to claim 24 in which said structured glyceride component contains at least 90% by weight triglycerides. 
     
     
       49. A composition according to claim 24 in which said structured glyceride component contains at least 60% by weight triglycerides which have an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       50. A composition according to claim 24 which said structured glyceride is produced using at least one recombinant oil. 
     
     
       51. A method for enhancing an animal's absorption of at least one lipophilic compound, said method comprising administering topically to said animal: (a) at least one lipophilic compound in conjunction with   (b) a structured glyceride component characterized in that it contains some triglyceride species and at least 40% of the triglyceride species have: (i) about 33 to 70 wt. % of medium chain acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms;   (ii) about 30 to 67 wt. % of long chain acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms; and   (iii) an equivalent carbon number of greater than 30 to less than 48.     
     
     
       52. The method according to claim 51 wherein said structured glyceride component predominantly comprises triglycerides. 
     
     
       53. The method according to claim 52 wherein said triglycerides comprise 45 to 65 wt. % of medium chain acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       54. The method according to claim 52 wherein said triglycerides comprise 35 to 55 wt. % of long chain acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       55. The method according to 52 wherein said triglycerides comprise 45 to 65 wt. % of medium chain acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms and 35 to 55 wt. % of long chain acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       56. A method according to claim 55 in which said at least 60% by weight of said structured glyceride has an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       57. A method according to claim 52 in which said structured glyceride has an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       58. The method according to claim 51 wherein said lipophilic compound is selected from the group consisting of oil soluble drugs, nutrients and vitamins. 
     
     
       59. The method according to claim 58 wherein said lipophilic compound is a vitamin selected from the group consisting of vitamin A and vitamin E. 
     
     
       60. A method according to claim 58 in which said oil soluble drug is selected from the group consisting of immunosuppressive agents, protease inhibitors, macrolide antibiotics, anesthetics, estrogens, estradiols, progesterone, testosterone, cortisone, phytoestrogens, dehydroepiandrosterone, and growth hormone. 
     
     
       61. A method according to claim 58 in which said vitamins are selected from the group consisting of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin K, carotenoids, and lycopenes. 
     
     
       62. The method according to claim 51 wherein the structured glyceride component is prepared by interesterification of an oil containing predominantly medium chain triglycerides and an oil containing predominantly long chain triglycerides in a ratio from about 1:2 to about 2:1. 
     
     
       63. A method according to claim 62 in which said lipophilic compound is an oil soluble drug is selected from the group consisting of immunosuppressive agents, protease inhibitors, macrolide antibiotics, anesthetics, estrogens, estradiols, progesterone, testosterone, cortisone, phytoestrogens, dehydroepiandrosterone, and growth hormone. 
     
     
       64. A method according to claim 62 in which said lipophilic compound is a vitamin selected from the group consisting of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin K, carotenoids, and lycopenes. 
     
     
       65. A method according to claim 62 in which said medium chain triglycerides are obtain from fractionated coconut oil, fractionated palm kernel oil, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
       66. A method according to claim 62 in which said long chain triglycerides are obtained from an oil selected from the group consisting of borage, black currant seed, corn, coconut, canola, soybean, marine oils, fungal oils, safflower, high oleic safflower, sunflower, high oleic sunflower, olive, evening primrose, cottonseed, rice bran, grapeseed, flaxseed, butterfat, garlic, peanuts, almonds, walnuts, wheat germ, egg, sesame, lard, tallow and mutton. 
     
     
       67. The method of claim 51 wherein said structured glyceride component is prepared by chemical interesterification. 
     
     
       68. The method according to claim 51 wherein at least 40% of the triglyceride species have an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       69. A method according to claim 51 in which said medium chain acyl moieties have from 6 to 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       70. A method according to claim 51 in which said medium chain acyl moieties have from 8 to 10 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       71. A method according to claim 51 in which said structured glyceride has an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       72. A composition suitable for topical administration comprising: (a) at least one lipophilic compound; and   (b) a structured glyceride component characterized in that it contains some triglyceride species and at least 40% of the triglyceride species have: (i) about 33 to 70 wt. % of medium chain acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms;   (ii) about 30 to 67 wt. % of long chain acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms; and   (iii) an equivalent carbon number of greater than 30 to less than 48.     
     
     
       73. The composition according to claim 72 wherein said structured glyceride component predominantly comprises triglycerides. 
     
     
       74. The composition according to claim 73 wherein said triglycerides comprise 45 to 65 wt. % of medium chain acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       75. The composition according to claim 73 wherein said triglycerides comprise 35 to 55 wt. % of long chain acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       76. The composition according to claim 73 wherein said triglycerides comprise 45 to 65 wt. % of medium chain acyl moieties having 4 to 12 carbon atoms and 35 to 55 wt. % of long chain acyl moieties having more than 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       77. A composition according to claim 73 in which said structured glyceride has an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       78. The composition according to claim 73 wherein the structured glyceride component is prepared by interesterification of an oil containing predominantly medium chain triglycerides and an oil containing predominantly long chain triglycerides in a ratio from about 1:2 to about 2:1. 
     
     
       79. A composition according to claim 78 in which lipophilic substance is an said oil soluble drug is selected from the group consisting of immunosuppressive agents, protease inhibitors, macrolide antibiotics, anesthetics, estrogens, estradiols, progesterone, testosterone, cortisone, phytoestrogens, dehydroepiandrosterone, and growth hormone. 
     
     
       80. A composition according to claim 78 in which said lipophilic substance is a vitamins selected from the group consisting of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin K, carotenoids, and lycopenes. 
     
     
       81. A composition according to claim 78 in which said lipophilic compound is an oil soluble drug is selected from the group consisting of immunosuppressive agents, protease inhibitors, macrolide antibiotics, anesthetics, estrogens, estradiols, progesterone, testosterone, cortisone, phytoestrogens, dehydroepiandrosterone, and growth hormone. 
     
     
       82. A composition according to claim 78 in which said lipophilic compound is a vitamin selected from the group consisting of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin K, carotenoids, and lycopenes. 
     
     
       83. A composition according to claim 78 in which said medium chain triglycerides are obtained from fractionated coconut oil. 
     
     
       84. The composition according to claim 72 wherein said structured glyceride is prepared by chemical interesterification. 
     
     
       85. A composition according to claim 84 in which said at least 60% by weight of said structured glyceride has an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       86. The composition according to claim 72 wherein said lipophilic compound is selected from the group consisting of oil soluble drugs, nutrients and vitamins. 
     
     
       87. The composition according to claim 86 wherein said lipophilic compound is a vitamin selected from the group consisting of vitamin A and vitamin E. 
     
     
       88. A composition according to claim 86 in which said medium chain triglycerides are obtain from fractionated coconut oil, fractionated palm kernel oil, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
       89. A composition according to claim 86 in which said long chain triglycerides are obtained from an oil selected from the group consisting of borage, black currant seed, corn, coconut, canola, soybean, marine oils, fish oils, fungal oils, safflower, high oleic safflower, sunflower, high oleic sunflower, olive, evening primrose, cottonseed, rice bran, grapeseed, flaxseed, butterfat, garlic, peanuts, almonds, walnuts, wheat germ, egg, sesame, lard, tallow and mutton. 
     
     
       90. A composition according to claim 86 in which said long chain triglycerides are obtained from fish oil. 
     
     
       91. The composition according to claim 72 wherein at least 40% of the triglyceride species have an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       92. A composition according to claim 72 in which said medium chain acyl moieties have from 6 to 12 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       93. A composition according to claim 72 in which said medium chain acyl moieties have from 8 to 10 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       94. A composition according to claim 72 in which said structured glyceride has an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       95. A composition according to claim 72 in which said structured glyceride component contains at least 90% by weight triglycerides. 
     
     
       96. A composition according to claim 72 in which said structured glyceride component contains at least 60% by weight triglycerides which have an equivalent carbon number of about 32 to about 42. 
     
     
       97. A composition according to claim 72 in the form of a transdermal patch, lotion or ointment. 
     
     
       98. A composition according to claim 72 which said structured glyceride is produced using at least one recombinant oil.