Sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate

Abstract

The invention relates to a sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate which comprises alkali metal phyllosilicate in finely divided form in a non-phyllosilicatic alkali metal silicate environment of the formula x M<I>2O.y SiO2, in which M<I >is an alkali metal and y/x (1.9 to 500): 1; a process for its preparation and its use in detergents and cleaners.

What is claimed is:  
     
       1. A sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate which comprises an alkali metal phyllosilicate and a non-phyllosilicatic alkali metal silicate, said sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate having an overall formula 
       
         
             x  M I   2 O.y SiO 2 ,  
         
       
       in which M I  is an alkali metal and y/x is (1.9 to 500): 1 wherein said phyllosilicate comprises from 50 to 77 weight percent of a delta crystalline Phase and said non-phyllosilicatic alkali metal silicate comprises from 0.1 to 10 weight percent of said sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate, wherein said alkali metal phyliosilicate is embedded into a non-phyllosilicatic alkali metal silicate matrix. 
     
     
       2. The sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein y/x is (2.0 to 200):1. 
     
     
       3. The sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein M I  is sodium. 
     
     
       4. The sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the non-phyllosilicatic alkali metal silicate environment comprises non-phyllosilicatic sodium silicates. 
     
     
       5. The sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate as claimed In  claim 1 , wherein the alkali metal phyllosilicate comprises sheet crystalline disodium disilicates. 
     
     
       6. The sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the alkali metal phyllosilicate comprises 50to 77% by weight of delta-disodium disilicate, finely divided and 0.1 to 9% by weight of non-phyllosillcatic sodium silicate. 
     
     
       7. The sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate as claimed in  claim 1 , which further comprises, based on the content of alkali metal silicate, up to 10% by weight of further constituents. 
     
     
       8. The sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate as claimed in  claim 7 , further comprising further constituents selected from the group consisting of cationic, constituents anionic constituents, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
       9. The sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein the cationic constituents are alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal cations, cations selected from the group consisting of Fe, W, Mo, Ta, Pb, Sn, Al, Zn, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
       10. The sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein the anionic constituents are selected from the group consisting of sulfates, fluorides, chlorides, bromides, iodides, carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, nitrates, oxide hydrates, phosphates, borates, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
       11. The sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate as claimed in  claim 1 , further comprising up to 10 mol% of boron, based on the total content of SiO 2 . 
     
     
       12. The sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate as claimed in  claim 1 , further comprising up to 50 mol% of phosphorus, based on the total content of SiO 2 . 
     
     
       13. The sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate as claimed in  claim 1 , which has, as powder, a mean particle diameter of from 0.1 to 150 μm. 
     
     
       14. The sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate as claimed in  claim 1 , which has, as compacted granulate, a mean particle diameter of from 10 to 2000 μm. 
     
     
       15. A detergent and cleaner which comprises the sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate as claimed in  claim 1 . 
     
     
       16. The detergent and cleaner as claimed in  claim 15 , which comprises 0.5 to 98% by weight of said sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate, 0.5 to 80% by weight of cobuilders, and up to 100% by weight of further customary ingredients. 
     
     
       17. The detergent and cleaner as claimed in  claim 15 , which comprises 0.5 to 98% by weight of sparingly soluble alkali metal silicates, 0.5 to 80% by weight of cobuilders, 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators, and up to a100% by weight of further customary ingredients. 
     
     
       18. The detergent and cleaner as claimed in  claim 16 , which comprises 0.5 to 98% by weight of sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate, 0.5 to 80% by weight of cobuilders 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators, 1 to 50% by weight of surface-active substances, and up to 100% by weight of further customary ingredients. 
     
     
       19. The detergent and cleaner as claimed in  claim 15 , which comprises 0.5 to 98% by weight of sparingly soluble alkali metal silicates, 0.5 to 80% by weight of cobuilders, 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators, 1 to 50% by weight of surface-active substances, 1 to 70% by weight of a bleaching system, and up to 100% by weight of further customary ingredients. 
     
     
       20. The detergent and cleaner as claimed in  claim 15 , which comprises 0.5 to 98% by weight of sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate, 0.5 to 80% by weight of cobuilders, 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators, 1 to 70% by weight of a bleaching system, and up to 100% by weight of further customary ingredients. 
     
     
       21. The detergent and cleaner as claimed in  claim 15 , which comprises 0.5 to 98% by weight of sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate, 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators, 1 to 50% by Weight of surface-active substances, 1 to 70% by weight of a bleaching system and up to 100% by weight of further customary ingredients. 
     
     
       22. The detergent and cleaner as claimed in  claim 15 , which comprises 0.5 to 98% by weight of sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate, 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators, 1 to 70% by weight of a bleaching system, and up to a 100% by weight of further customary ingredients. 
     
     
       23. The detergent and cleaner as claimed in  claim 15 , which comprises 0.5 to 98% by weight of sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate, 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators, 1 to 40% by weight of surface-active substances, and up to 100% by weight of further customary ingredients. 
     
     
       24. The detergent and cleaner as claimed in  claim 15 , which comprises 0.5 to 98% by weight of sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate, 0.5 to 80% by weight of pH regulators, and up to 100% by weight of further customary ingredients. 
     
     
       25. The detergent and cleaner as claimed in  claim 15 , which comprises 0.5 to 98% by weight of sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate,  1  to 70% by weight of a bleaching system, and up to 100% by weight of further customary ingredients. 
     
     
       26. The detergent and cleaner as claimed in  claim 15 , wherein said sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate comprises 1 to 50% by weight of the detergent and cleaner. 
     
     
       27. The detergent and cleaner as claimed in  claim 15 , wherein the content of sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate is 60 to 98% by weight of the detergent and cleaner. 
     
     
       28. The detergent and cleaner as claimed In  claim 15 , further comprising cobuilders selected from the group consisting of crystalline aluminosilicates, mono-carboxylic acids, oligo-carboxylic acids polymeric carboxylic acids, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal ortho-, pyro- or polyphosphates, crystalline alkali metal silicates having a crystal lattice without a layered structure,c amorphous alkali metal silicates, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
       29. The detergent and cleaner as claimed in  claim 15 , further comprising a bleaching system selected from the group consisting of an active chlorine carrier, active oxygen carrier, a bleach activator, a bleach catalyst, enzymes used to remove discolorations perborate, percarbonate, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
       30. The detergent and cleaner as claimed in  claim 15 , further comprising surface-active substances selected from the group consisting of anionic, cationic, nonionic, zwitterionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
       31. The detergent and cleaner as claimed In  claim 15 , further comprising pH regulators are selected from the group consisting of soda, citric acid, sodium citrate, bicarbonate, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
       32. A sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate which comprises an alkali metal phyllosilicate and a non-phyllosilicatic alkali metal silicate, said sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate having an overall formula 
       
         
             x  M I   2 O.y SiO 2 ,  
         
       
       in which M I  is an alkali metal and y/x is (1.9 to 500):1, wherein said phyllosilicate comprises from 70 to 77 percent by weight of delta disodium disilicate and the non-phyllosilicate comprises from 0.1 to 10 percent by weight of the sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate, wherein said alkali metal phyllosilicate is embedded into a non-phyllosilicatic alkali metal silicate matrix. 
     
     
       33. A detergent and cleaner comprising the sparingly soluble alkali metal silicate of  claim 32 .