Photoelectric Conversion Apparatus and Image Pickup Apparatus having an Optimally Positioned Driving Wire

Abstract

A photoelectric conversion apparatus has a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements (photodiodes 4 ), a plurality of switching elements (TFTs 3 ) connected to the respective photoelectric conversion elements 4, a plurality of signal lines 5 for outputting electric signals resulting from photoelectric conversion in each of the photoelectric conversion elements 4, and a plurality of driving wires (bias lines 6 ) for driving the photoelectric conversion elements 4. In the photoelectric conversion apparatus, each of the driving wires 6 is arranged in parallel to the signal lines 5 and between the signal lines 5 and each of the driving wires 6 is located so that a center line thereof lies between a first position at a center between the signal lines 5 and a second position at a center of gravity of an area of the photoelectric conversion element 4, thereby enhancing photosensitivity.

What is claimed is:  
     
       1. A photoelectric conversion apparatus comprising a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements, a plurality of switching elements connected to said respective photoelectric conversion elements, a plurality of signal lines for outputting electric signals resulting from photoelectric conversion in each of said photoelectric conversion elements, and a plurality of driving wires for driving said photoelectric conversion elements, 
       wherein each of said driving wires is arranged in parallel to said signal lines and between said signal lines, and wherein each of said driving wires is located so that a center line thereof lies between a first position, which is a center between said signal lines, and a second position, which is a center of gravity of a light receiving area of said photoelectric conversion element.  
     
     
       2. The photoelectric conversion apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the center line of said driving wire lies at a center between said first position and said second position. 
     
     
       3. The photoelectric conversion apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein a light-transmitting electrode is provided on the light incidence side of said photoelectric conversion elements and wherein said light-transmitting electrode is placed in a part inside the area of each of said photoelectric conversion elements. 
     
     
       4. An image pickup apparatus comprising: a photoelectric conversion apparatus comprising a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements, a plurality of switching elements connected to said respective photoelectric conversion elements, a plurality of signal lines for outputting electric signals resulting from photoelectric conversion in each of said photoelectric conversion elements, and a plurality of driving wires for driving said photoelectric conversion elements; and wavelength conversion means placed on the light incidence side of said photoelectric conversion apparatus, for effecting conversion of incident wavelength and putting light resulting from the wavelength conversion into said photoelectric conversion apparatus, 
       wherein each of said driving wires is arranged in parallel to said signal lines and between said signal lines, and wherein each of said driving wires is located so that a center line thereof lies between a first position, which is a center between said signal lines, and a second position, which is a center of gravity of a light receiving area of said photoelectric conversion element.  
     
     
       5. The image pickup apparatus according to  claim 4 , wherein the center line of said driving wire lies at a center between said first position and said second position. 
     
     
       6. The image pickup apparatus according to  claim 4 , wherein a light-transmitting electrode is provided on the light incidence side of said photoelectric conversion elements and wherein said light-transmitting electrode is placed in a part inside the area of each of said photoelectric conversion elements. 
     
     
       7. The image pickup apparatus according to  claim 4 , wherein said wavelength conversion means is a fluorescent substance. 
     
     
       8. A photoelectric conversion apparatus comprising a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements arrayed in a matrix of rows and columns, each of said photoelectric conversion elements having a transparent electrode disposed on the light incidence side and an electrode opposed to said transparent electrode through a semiconductor layer, first conductive lines connected to the transparent electrodes and disposed along the rows or the columns of the photoelectric conversion elements, and a plurality of second conductive lines provided adjacent to the photoelectric conversion elements and along the first conductive lines, wherein each of the first conductive lines lies between a first position passing through a center between the second conductive lines and in parallel to the second conductive lines and a second position passing through a center of gravity of a light receiving area of the photoelectric conversion element and in parallel to the second conductive lines. 
     
     
       9. The photoelectric conversion apparatus according to  claim 8 , wherein said first conductive lines are lines for applying a bias voltage to the photoelectric conversion elements. 
     
     
       10. The photoelectric conversion apparatus according to  claim 8 , wherein said second conductive lines are lines for transferring information resulting from photoelectric conversion in said photoelectric conversion elements. 
     
     
       11. The photoelectric conversion apparatus according to  claim 8 , wherein each of said photoelectric conversion elements is connected through a transistor to the second conductive line. 
     
     
       12. The photoelectric conversion apparatus according to  claim 8 , wherein said first conductive lines are lines for applying a bias voltage to the photoelectric conversion elements and said second conductive lines are lines for transferring information from the photoelectric conversion elements. 
     
     
       13. The photoelectric conversion apparatus according to  claim 8 , wherein said transparent electrode has a smaller area than the semiconductor layer. 
     
     
       14. The photoelectric conversion apparatus according to  claim 13 , wherein the edge of the transparent electrode is located inside the edge of the semiconductor layer. 
     
     
       15. The photoelectric conversion apparatus according to  claim 14 , wherein the edge of the transparent electrode is 10 or less μm apart from the edge of the semiconductor layer. 
     
     
       16. The photoelectric conversion apparatus according to  claim 8 , wherein the transparent electrode is formed in a mesh shape. 
     
     
       17. An image pickup apparatus comprising: 
       a photoelectric conversion apparatus comprising a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements arrayed in a matrix of rows and columns, each of said photoelectric conversion elements having a transparent electrode disposed on the light incidence side and an electrode opposed to said transparent electrode through a semiconductor layer, first conductive lines connected to the transparent electrodes and disposed along the rows or the columns of the photoelectric conversion elements, and a plurality of second conductive lines provided adjacent to the photoelectric conversion elements and along the first conductive lines, wherein each of the first conductive lines lies between a first position passing through a center between the second conductive lines and in parallel to the second conductive lines and a second position passing through a center of gravity of a light receiving area of the photoelectric conversion element and in parallel to the second conductive lines; and  
       a wavelength conversion element for effecting wavelength conversion of an image-information-carrying signal put into each of the photoelectric conversion elements.  
     
     
       18. The image pickup apparatus according to  claim 17 , wherein said first conductive lines are lines for applying a bias voltage to the photoelectric conversion elements. 
     
     
       19. The image pickup apparatus according to  claim 17 , wherein said second conductive lines are lines for transferring information resulting from photoelectric conversion in said photoelectric conversion elements. 
     
     
       20. The image pickup apparatus according to  claim 17 , wherein each of said photoelectric conversion elements is connected through a transistor to the second conductive line. 
     
     
       21. The image pickup apparatus according to  claim 17 , wherein said first conductive lines are lines for applying a bias voltage to the photoelectric conversion elements and said second conductive lines are lines for transferring information from the photoelectric conversion elements. 
     
     
       22. The image pickup apparatus according to  claim 17 , wherein said transparent electrode has a smaller area than the semiconductor layer. 
     
     
       23. The image pickup apparatus according to  claim 17 , wherein the edge of the transparent electrode is located inside the edge of the semiconductor layer. 
     
     
       24. The image pickup apparatus according to  claim 17 , wherein the edge of the transparent electrode is 10 or less pm apart from the edge of the semiconductor layer. 
     
     
       25. The image pickup apparatus according to  claim 17 , wherein the transparent electrode is formed in a mesh shape. 
     
     
       26. The image pickup apparatus according to  claim 17 , wherein said wavelength conversion element comprises a fluorescent substance.