Surgical instrument with adjustable tool for gripping, holding or cutting body tissue or the like

Abstract

A surgical instrument has a tool located at the distal instrument end, a stationary first grip part at the proximal instrument end, a second grip part adjustable in an axially guided manner in the form of a reel, and an actuation element for the tool. The actuation element in connection with the second grip part is axially adjustable on adjustment of the second grip part. For improving the handling of the instrument, it is envisaged that, by way of a lever system linked onto the second grip part and a stationary part of the instrument, the adjustment path of the second grip part is geared down and the force exerted onto the second grip part is transmittable, geared up, to the actuation element.

I claim:  
     
       1. A surgical instrument comprising a tool which is located at a distal instrument end, a stationary first grip part at a proximal instrument end, a second grip part adjustable in an axially guided manner in a form of a reel, an actuation element for the tool, wherein the actuation element is axially adjustable on adjustment of the second grip part, and a lever system linked to the second grip part and a stationary part of the instrument, wherein the lever system comprises first and second levers, the first lever having one end articulately linked on the second grip part and another end articulately linked on the second lever, the second lever having one end articulately linked on the first lever and another end articulately linked on the stationary part of the instrument, and the actuation element being articulately fastened between the two linkage points of the second lever, such that the lever system acts as a path reducing gear with respect to an adjustment path of the second grip part and acts as a force increasing gear with respect to a force transmitted from the second grip part to the actuation element. 
     
     
       2. The surgical instrument according to  claim 1 , wherein a spring element is arranged between the lever system and the actuation element. 
     
     
       3. A surgical instrument comprising a tool which is located at a distal instrument end, a stationary first grip part at a proximal instrument end, a second grip part adjustable in an axially guided manner in a form of a reel, an actuation element for the tool, wherein the actuation element is axially adjustable on adjustment of the second grip part, and a lever system linked to the second grip part and a stationary part of the instrument, wherein the lever system comprises one lever having one end articulately linked on the stationary part of the instrument and another end slidingly arranged in a guide of the second grip part, wherein the guide comprises a bore which extends essentially perpendicular to a movement direction of the actuation element and further comprises a cylindrical section and a conical section connected thereto, and the actuation element being articulately linked to the lever between the two ends of the lever, such that the lever system acts as a path reducing gear with respect to an adjustment path of the second grip part and acts as a force increasing gear with respect to a force transmitted from the second grip part to the actuation element. 
     
     
       4. The surgical instrument according to  claim 3 , wherein a spring element is arranged between the lever system and the actuation element.