Functional surface coating

Abstract

Compositions and methods of preparing functional thin films or surface coatings with low non-specific binding are described. The thin films contain specified functional groups and non-specific binding repellant components. The thin films are either covalently bound to or passively adsorbed to various solid substrates. The specified functional group provides specified activity for the thin film modified solid surfaces and non-specific binding repellant components significantly reduce the non-specific binding to the thin film modified solid surfaces. Non-specific binding repellant components do not affect specified functional group's activity in the thin films. In these methods, specified functional groups are anchored to the solid substrates through a spacer. Surface coatings are also described having both non-specific protein binding properties combined with functional groups for specific binding activity thereby providing surface coating that specifically recognize target proteins but limit binding to non-specific protein.

1. A functional surface having low non-specific binding characteristics for non-target analytes comprising:
 a substrate having an effective amount of active component, the active component comprising a functional group, a spacer group, and a binding group;  
 an effective amount of cross-linking component;  
 and an effective amount of matrix-forming component.  
 
     
     
       2. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said crosslinking component is an organosilane. 
     
     
       3. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said crosslinking component is an azidosilane. 
     
     
       4. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said matrix-forming component is a polyoxyethylene-based surface-active substance. 
     
     
       5. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said matrix-forming component is surface-active substance comprising polyoxyethylene sorbitan. 
     
     
       6. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said matrix-forming component is surface-active substance comprising polyoxyethylene sorbitan tetraoleate. 
     
     
       7. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said functional group comprises an electrophilically active group, a hydrophilic polymer, and a silane. 
     
     
       8. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said functional group comprises an amine-reactive group, a polyethylene glycol, and a silane. 
     
     
       9. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said substrate is a solid surface. 
     
     
       10. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said substrate is composed of glass, plastic, semiconductors, or metals. 
     
     
       11. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said substrate is composed of glass or plastic. 
     
     
       12. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said substrate is composed of glass. 
     
     
       13. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said functional group is an electrophilically active group. 
     
     
       14. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said functional group is an amine-reactive or thiol-reactive group. 
     
     
       15. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein the functional group is an amine-reactive group. 
     
     
       16. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said functional group is an active succinimide ester. 
     
     
       17. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said spacer group is a hydrophilic polymer. 
     
     
       18. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said spacer group comprises polyethylene glycol. 
     
     
       19. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said spacer group comprises linear, star-shape, multi-arm, or comb-like polyethylene glycol. 
     
     
       20. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said spacer group comprises linear polyethylene glycol. 
     
     
       21. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said spacer group comprises multi-arm polyethylene plycol. 
     
     
       22. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said binding group is a silane. 
     
     
       23. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said binding group is a silane. 
     
     
       24. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said binding group is an alkoxysilane or chlorosilane. 
     
     
       25. The functional surface of  claim 1 , wherein said binding group is an alkoxysilane. 
     
     
       26. A functional surface for performance of a biochemical binding assay comprising:
 a substrate;  
 a non-specific binding matrix comprising a crosslinking component and a matrix-forming component, the non-specific binding matrix affixed to said substrate; and  
 an active component affixed to said non-specific binding matrix, thereby forming a functional surface for a biochemical binding assay.  
 
     
     
       27. The functional surface of  claim 26 , wherein said crosslinking component is an organosilane. 
     
     
       28. The functional surface of  claim 26 , wherein said crosslinking component is an azidosilane. 
     
     
       29. The functional surface of  claim 26 , wherein said matrix-forming component is a polyoxyethylene-based surface-active substance. 
     
     
       30. The functional surface of  claim 26 , wherein said matrix-forming component is surface-active substance comprising polyoxyethylene sorbitan. 
     
     
       31. The functional surface of  claim 26 , wherein said matrix-forming component is surface-active substance comprising polyoxyethylene sorbitan tetraoleate. 
     
     
       32. The functional surface of  claim 26 , wherein said active component further comprises a functional group, a spacer group, and a binding group, said binding group being affixed to said non-specific binding matrix. 
     
     
       33. The functional surface of  claim 26 , wherein said substrate is a solid surface. 
     
     
       34. The functional surface of  claim 26 , wherein said substrate is composed of glass, plastic, semiconductors, or metals. 
     
     
       35. The functional surface of  claim 26 , wherein said substrate is composed of glass or plastic. 
     
     
       36. The functional surface of  claim 26 , wherein said substrate is composed of glass. 
     
     
       37. The functional surface of  claim 32 , wherein said spacer group is a hydrophilic polymer. 
     
     
       38. The functional surface of  claim 32 , wherein said spacer group comprises polyethylene glycol. 
     
     
       39. The functional surface of  claim 32 , wherein said spacer group comprises linear, star-shaped, multi-arm, or comb-like polyethylene glycol. 
     
     
       40. The functional surface of  claim 32 , wherein said spacer group comprises linear polyethylene glycol. 
     
     
       41. The functional surface of  claim 32 , wherein said spacer group comprises multi-arm polyethylene glycol. 
     
     
       42. The functional surface of  claim 32 , wherein said spacer group is a hydrophilic polymer. 
     
     
       43. The functional surface of  claim 32 , wherein said binding group is a silane. 
     
     
       44. The functional surface of  claim 32 , wherein said binding group is a alkoxysilane or chlorosilane. 
     
     
       45. The functional surface of  claim 32 , wherein said binding group is a alkoxysilane.