Reactor

Abstract

A reactor comprising a reacting vessel 31 that contains a fluid including high temperature and high pressure water under target reaction temperature and reaction pressure condition and performs a reaction treatment to a reactant by the fluid, a first pipe 25 connected to the reacting vessel 31 to supply the reactant to the reacting vessel 31 , and a first partition means 50 for partitioning between first pipe 25 and the reacting vessel 31 so as to prevent a leakage of any one of the fluid, the reactant, and a reaction product from the reacting vessel 31 side to the first pipe 25 side. The first partition means 50 is comprised of for example a valve 51 , a shaft 52 , a weight 53 , a supporting member 54 , and a pipe 55 , and normally, due to the weight 53 , the valve 51 closes an opening of a bottom end of the pipe 55 . That is, it isolates the pipe 55 and the inside of the reacting vessel 31 . At this time, although the valve 51 does not completely seal up the inside of the reacting vessel 31 , it has the ability to prevent a large amount of hot water HW in the reacting vessel 31 from leaking into the pipe 25 due to a convection current thereof.

1. A reactor, comprising:
 a reaction unit that contains a fluid including high temperature and high pressure water under target reaction temperature and reaction pressure condition, said reaction unit performing a reaction treatment to a reactant by the fluid; 
 a first pipe portion connected to said reaction unit, through which said reactant is supplied to said reaction unit; 
 a first partition means for partitioning between said first pipe portion and said reaction unit so as to prevent leakage of any one of said fluid, said reactant, and a reaction product from said reaction unit side to said first pipe portion side; 
 a second pipe portion connected to the bottom part of said reaction unit, through which said fluid, said reactant, and said reaction product are discharged; 
 a second partition means for partitioning between said second pipe portion and said reaction unit; 
 a feed pipe through which reactant is supplied to said first pipe portion; 
 a standby chamber between said feed pipe and said first pipe portion; 
 a first valve between said feed pipe and said standby chamber; 
 a second valve between said standby chamber and said first pipe portion; 
 a discharge pipe following said second pipe portion; 
 a pressure holding valve in-line with said discharge pipe; 
 a pressure feedback line between said discharge pipe and said standby chamber; and 
 a valve in said pressure feedback line, 
 wherein, 
 said high temperature is the same as or greater than the critical temperature for the fluid, and 
 said high pressure is the same as or greater than the critical pressure for the fluid. 
 
     
     
       2. A reactor as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein said first partition means is provided at an end part of said first pipe portion inside of said reaction unit. 
     
     
       3. A reactor as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein said first partition means opens under the weight of said reactant during the supply of said reactant from said first pipe portion to said reaction unit to supply said reactant to said reaction unit via said first pipe portion. 
     
     
       4. A reactor as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein said second partition means is provided at an end part of said second pipe portion inside of said reaction unit. 
     
     
       5. A reactor as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein said second partition means opens under the weight of any of said fluid, said reactant, and said reaction product during the discharge of any of them from said reaction unit to said second pipe portion to discharge any of said fluid, said reactant, and said reaction product to said second pipe portion. 
     
     
       6. A reactor as set forth in  claim 1 , further comprising a temperature controlling means for controlling temperature of said fluid and said reactant passing through said reaction unit, said controlling means being provided in said reaction unit. 
     
     
       7. A reactor as set forth in  claim 1 , comprising:
 a fluid storage unit that stores fluid including water; a pressurizing unit that pressurizes said fluid to compress a volume of said fluid so that pressure of said fluid become said target reaction pressure; 
 a heating unit that heats said fluid introduced from said pressurizing unit so that the temperature of said fluid get closer to said target reaction temperature; and 
 a third pipe portion connected to said reaction unit, through which said fluid introduced from said heating unit is supplied to said reaction unit.