Image display apparatus provided with high resistive spacer element

Abstract

An image forming apparatus includes a first substrate, a potential-regulated conductive element, a second substrate having an electrode and an anode electrode connected to the electrode via a resistor, and a spacer which abuts on the conductive element, electrode and anode electrode to regulate a distance between the first and second substrates. The spacer includes a base material. A first resistor film covers a side face of the base material and is electrically connected to the conductive element, electrode and anode electrode. A second resistor film covers a portion of the spacer facing the resistor, and is electrically connected to the electrode and anode electrode. A sheet resistance value of the second resistor film is less than a sheet resistance value of the first resistor film. A resistance value of the second resistor film between the electrode and anode electrode is greater than a resistance value of the resistor.

1. An image forming apparatus comprising:
 a first substrate having an associated potential-regulated conductive element; 
 a second substrate having, associated therewith, an electrode regulated at a potential higher than that of the conductive element and an anode electrode connected to the electrode via a resistor, all arranged to face the first substrate; 
 a spacer which abuts the conductive element, the electrode and the anode electrode to regulate a distance between the first and second substrates, wherein the spacer includes a base material, and a first resistor film which covers at least a side face of the base material and which is electrically connected to the conductive element, the electrode and the anode electrode; and 
 a second resistor film which covers at least a portion of the spacer facing the resistor, and which is electrically connected to the electrode and the anode electrode, 
 wherein a sheet resistance value of the second resistor film is less than a sheet resistance value of the first resistor film, and a resistance value of the second resistor film between the electrode and the anode electrode is greater than a resistance value of the resistor. 
 
     
     
       2. An image forming apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the sheet resistance value of the second resistor film is 1/10 or less of the sheet resistance value of the first resistor film. 
     
     
       3. An image forming apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the sheet resistance value of the second resistor film is 1/1000 or less of the sheet resistance value of the first resistor film. 
     
     
       4. An image forming apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein a resistance value of a portion of the second resistor film facing the resistor is equal to 100 times or greater than the resistance value of the resistor. 
     
     
       5. An image forming apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the sheet resistance value of the first resistor film is between 10 7  Ω/□ to 10 14  Ω/□. 
     
     
       6. An image forming apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the sheet resistance value of the second resistor film is 10 7  Ω/□ or more. 
     
     
       7. An image forming apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the resistance value of the resistor is between 10 kΩ to 10 GΩ. 
     
     
       8. An image forming apparatus comprising:
 a first substrate having an associated potential-regulated conductive element; 
 a second substrate having, associated therewith, an anode electrode regulated at a potential higher than that of the conductive element, a guard electrode regulated at a potential lower than that of the anode electrode, and a resistor film electrically connected to the anode electrode and the guard electrode, all arranged to face the first substrate; 
 a spacer which abuts the conductive element, the anode electrode and the guard electrode to regulate a distance between the first and second substrates, wherein the spacer includes a base material, a first resistor film which covers at least a side face of the base material and which is electrically connected to the conductive element, the anode electrode and the guard electrode; and 
 a second resistor film which covers at least a portion of the spacer facing the resistor film, and which is electrically connected to the anode electrode and the guard electrode, 
 wherein a sheet resistance value of the second resistor film is less than a sheet resistance value of the first resistor film. 
 
     
     
       9. An image forming apparatus according to  claim 8 , wherein the sheet resistance value of the second resistor film is 1/10 or less of the sheet resistance value of the first resistor film. 
     
     
       10. An image forming apparatus according to  claim 8 , wherein the sheet resistance value of the second resistor film is 1/1000 or less of the sheet resistance value of the first resistor film. 
     
     
       11. An image forming apparatus according to  claim 8 , wherein the sheet resistance value of the first resistor film is between 10 7  Ω/□ to 10 14  Ω/□. 
     
     
       12. An image forming apparatus according to  claim 8 , wherein the sheet resistance value of the second resistor film is 10 7  Ω/□ or more.