Method and apparatus for source and receiver side wave field separation

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for wave field separation. The method includes accessing a marine seismic data set acquired by a plurality of receivers deployed at a first plurality of depths in response to a plurality of acoustic signals provided by a plurality of seismic sources deployed at a second plurality of depths and forming at least one de-ghosted marine seismic data set based upon the plurality of seismic data sets.

1. A method, comprising:
 accessing marine seismic data set acquired by a plurality of receivers deployed at a first plurality of depths in response to a plurality of acoustic signals provided by a plurality of seismic sources deployed at a second plurality of depths; and 
 forming at least one common receiver gather; 
 performing at least one source-side de-ghosting on said at least one common receiver gather; 
 forming at least one common shot gather; 
 performing at least one receiver-side de-ghosting on said at least one common shot gather; and 
 forming at least one de-ghosted marine seismic data set based upon the de-ghosted common receive gather and the de-ghosted common shot gather. 
 
   
   
     2. The method of  claim 1 , wherein accessing the marine seismic data set comprises:
 accessing a first marine seismic data set acquired by at least one first receiver deployed at a first depth in response to at least one first acoustic signal generated by at least one first seismic source deployed at a first source depth; 
 accessing a second marine seismic data set acquired by said at least one first receiver deployed at the first receiver depth in response to at least one second acoustic signal provided by at least one second seismic source deployed at a second source depth; 
 accessing a third marine seismic data set acquired by at least one second receiver deployed at a second receiver depth in response to said at least one first acoustic signal provided by said at least one first seismic source deployed at the first source depth; and 
 accessing a fourth marine seismic data set acquired by said at least one second receiver deployed at the second receiver depth in response to said at least one second acoustic signal provided by said at least one second seismic source deployed at the second source depth. 
 
   
   
     3. The method of  claim 1 , wherein forming said at least one de-ghosted marine seismic data set comprises forming said at least one de-ghosted marine seismic data set under a two-dimensional approximation in which cross-line wave numbers are neglected. 
   
   
     4. The method of  claim 1 , wherein forming said at least one de-ghosted marine seismic data set comprises forming said at least one de-ghosted marine seismic data set based on a least-squares solution. 
   
   
     5. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the marine seismic data set is acquired under calm sea conditions. 
   
   
     6. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the marine seismic data set is acquired under rough sea conditions. 
   
   
     7. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the source-side de-ghosting, the receiver-side de-ghosting, or both the source-side and the receiver-side de-ghosting applies a one dimensional earth model. 
   
   
     8. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the source-side de-ghosting, the receiver-side de-ghosting, or both the source-side and the receiver-side de-ghosting applies a multi-dimensional earth model. 
   
   
     9. An article comprising one or more machine-readable storage media containing instructions that when executed enable a computer to:
 access a marine seismic data set acquired by a plurality of receivers deployed at a first plurality of depths in response to a plurality of acoustic signals provided by a plurality of seismic sources deployed at a second plurality of depths; and 
 forming at least one common receiver gather; 
 performing at least one source-side de-ghosting on said at least one common receiver gather; 
 forming at least one common shot gather; 
 performing at least one receiver-side de-ghosting on said at least one common shot gather; and 
 forming at least one de-ghosted marine seismic data set based upon the de-ghosted common receive gather and the de-ghosted common shot gather. 
 
   
   
     10. The article of  claim 9 , wherein said one or more machine-readable storage media contain instructions that when executed enable the computer to:
 access a first marine seismic data set acquired by at least one first receiver deployed at a first depth in response to at least one first acoustic signal provided by at least one first seismic source deployed at a first source depth; 
 access a second marine seismic data set acquired by said at least one first receiver deployed at the first receiver depth in response to at least one second acoustic signal provided by at least one second seismic source deployed at a second source depth; 
 access a third marine seismic data set acquired by at least one second receiver deployed at a second receiver depth in response to said at least one first acoustic signal provided by said at least one first seismic source deployed at the first source depth; and 
 access a fourth marine seismic data set acquired by said at least one second receiver deployed at the second receiver depth in response to said at least one second acoustic signal provided by said at least one second seismic source deployed at the second source depth. 
 
   
   
     11. The article of  claim 9 , wherein said one or more machine-readable storage media contain instructions that when executed enable the computer to form said at least one de-ghosted marine seismic data set based on a least-squares solution. 
   
   
     12. The article of  claim 9 , wherein the marine seismic data set is acquired under calm sea conditions. 
   
   
     13. The article of  claim 9 , wherein the marine seismic data set is acquired under rough sea conditions. 
   
   
     14. The article of  claim 9 , wherein the source-side de-ghosting, the receiver-side de-ghosting, or both the source-side and the receiver-side de-ghosting applies a one dimensional earth model. 
   
   
     15. The article of  claim 9 , wherein the source-side de-ghosting, the receiver-side de-ghosting, or both the source-side and the receiver-side de-ghosting applies a multi-dimensional earth model. 
   
   
     16. An article comprising one or more machine-readable storage media containing data structures and data formed by:
 accessing a plurality of marine seismic data sets acquired by a plurality of receivers deployed at a first plurality of depths in response to a plurality of acoustic signals provided by a plurality of seismic sources deployed at a second plurality of depths; and 
 forming at least one common receiver gather; 
 performing at least one source-side de-ghosting on said at least one common receiver gather; 
 forming at least one common shot gather; 
 performing at least one receiver-side de-ghosting on said at least one common shot gather; and 
 forming at least one de-ghosted marine seismic data set based upon the de-ghosted common receive gather and the de-ghosted common shot gather. 
 
   
   
     17. The article of  claim 16 , comprising one or more machine-readable storage media containing data structures and data formed by:
 accessing a first marine seismic data set acquired by at least one first receiver deployed at a first depth in response to at least one first acoustic signal provided by at least one first seismic source deployed at a first source depth; 
 accessing a second marine seismic data set acquired by said at least one first receiver deployed at the first receiver depth in response to at least one second acoustic signal provided by at least one second seismic source deployed at a second source depth; 
 accessing a third marine seismic data set acquired by at least one second receiver deployed at a second receiver depth in response to said at least one first acoustic signal provided by said at least one first seismic source deployed at the first source depth; and 
 accessing a fourth marine seismic data set acquired by said at least one second receiver deployed at the second receiver depth in response to said at least one second acoustic signal provided by said at least one second seismic source deployed at the second source depth. 
 
   
   
     18. The article of  claim 16 , comprising one or more machine-readable storage media containing data structures and data formed by forming said at least one de-ghosted marine seismic data set based on a least-squares solution. 
   
   
     19. The article of  claim 16 , wherein the marine seismic data set is acquired under calm sea conditions. 
   
   
     20. The article of  claim 16 , wherein the marine seismic data set is acquired under rough sea conditions. 
   
   
     21. The article of  claim 16 , wherein the source-side de-ghosting, the receiver-side de-ghosting, or both the source-side and the receiver-side de-ghosting applies a one dimensional earth model. 
   
   
     22. The article of  claim 16 , wherein the source-side de-ghosting, the receiver-side de-ghosting, or both the source-side and the receiver-side de-ghosting applies a multi-dimensional earth model.