Free flowing filler composition based on organofunctional silane

Abstract

Free flowing filler composition based on organofunctional silane and/or mixtures of organofunctional silanes possessing mercaptan and blocked mercaptan functionality. The invention also relates to articles of manufacture, particularly tires, made from the elastomer compositions described herein.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A free flowing filler composition comprising at least one organofunctional silane and at least one particulate filler, the silane(s) having a chemical structure selected from the group consisting of:
   [[[(ROC(═O)) p -(G 1 ) j ] k -Y—S] r -G 2 -(SiX u Z b   v Z c   w ) s ] m [(HS) r -G 2 -(SiX u Z b   v Z c   w ) s ] n   (10)
 
   and 
   [[(X v Z b   v Z c   w Si) q -G 2 ] a -[Y—[-S-G 2 -SiX u Z b   v Z c   w ] b ] c ] m [(HS) r -G 2 -(SiX u Z b   v Z c   w ) s ] n   (11)
 
 
       each occurrence of Y is independently selected from a polyvalent species (Q) z A(=E), wherein the atom (A) attached to an unsaturated heteroatom (E) is attached to a sulfur, which in turn is linked by means of a group G 2  to a silicon atom;
 each occurrence of R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, straight, cyclic or branched alkyl that may or may not contain unsaturation, alkenyl groups, aryl groups, and aralkyl groups, wherein each R, other than hydrogen, contains from 1 to 18 carbon atoms; 
 each occurrence of G 1  is independently selected from the group consisting of monovalent and polyvalent groups derived by substitution of alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or aralkyl wherein G 1  can have from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, with the proviso that if G 1  is univalent, G 1  can be hydrogen; 
 each occurrence of G 2  is independently selected from the group consisting of divalent or polyvalent group derived by substitution of alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or aralkyl wherein G 2  can have from 1 to 30 carbon atoms; 
 each occurrence of X is independently selected from the group consisting of —Cl, —Br, RO—, RC(═O)O—, R 2 C═NO—, R 2 NO—, R 2 N—, —R, HO(R 0 CR 0 ) f O—, wherein each R is as above and each occurrence of R 0  is independently given by one of the members listed above for R; 
 each occurrence of Z b , which forms a bridging structure between two silicon atoms, is independently selected from the group consisting of (—O—) 0.5,  and [—O(R 0 CR 0 ) f O—] 0.5,  wherein each occurrence of R 0  is independently given by one of the members listed above for R; 
 each occurrence of Z c , which forms a cyclic structure with a silicon atom, is independently given by —O(R 0 CR 0 ) f O— wherein each occurrence of R 0  is independently given by one of the members listed above for R; 
 each occurrence of Q is independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, and (—NR—); 
 each occurrence of A is independently selected from the group consisting of carbon, sulfur, phosphorus, and sulfonyl; 
 each occurrence of E is independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, and (—NR—); 
 each occurrence of the subscripts, a, b, c, f, j, k, m, n, p, q, r, s, u, v, w, and z is independently given by a is 0 to about 7; b is 1 to about 3; c is 1 to about 6; f is about 2 to about 15, j is 0 to about 1, but j may be 0 only if p is 1; k is 1 to 2, with the provisos that 
 if A is carbon, sulfur, or sulfonyl, then (i) a+b=2 and (ii) k=1; 
 if A is phosphorus, then a+b=3 unless both (i) c>1 and (ii) b=1, in which case a=c+1; and if A is phosphorus, then k is 2; m is 1 to about 20, n is 1 to about 20, p is 0 to 5, q is 0 to 6; r is 1 to 3; s is 1 to 3; u is 0 to 3; V is 0 to 3; w is 0 to 1 with the proviso that u+v+2w=3; z is 0 to about 3; and with the proviso that the each of the above structures contains at least one hydrolysable group, Z b  or Z c , that is a difunctional alkoxy group. 
 
     
     
       2. The free flowing filler of  claim 1  wherein the organofunctional silane is at least one member selected from the group consisting of thioacetic acid 2-(2-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-5-methyi-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yl)-ethyl ester; thioacetic acid 3-(2-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yl)-propyl ester, thiobutyric acid 3-(2-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yl)-propyl ester, octanethioic acid 3-(2-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yl)-propyl ester; octanethioic acid S-[3-(2-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-4,4,6-trimethyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-1,1-dimethyl-butoxy}-4,4,6-trimethyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yl)-propyl]ester; octanethioic acid S-[3-(2-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-4-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-butoxy}-4-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yl)-propyl]ester; undecanethioic acid S-[3-(2-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-4-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-butoxy}-4-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yl)-propyl]ester; heptanethioic acid S-[3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl]ester; heptanethioic acid S-[3-(2-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilepan-2-yl)-propyl]ester; thiopropionic acid 3-{2-[3-((3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-{2-methyl-3-[5-methyl-2-(3-propionylsulfanyl-propyl)-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-propoxy}-silanyloxy)-2-methyl-propoxy]-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilepan-2-yl}-propyl ester; octanethioic acid 3-{2-[3-((3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-{2-methyl-3-[5-methyl-2-(3-octanoylsulfanyl-propyl)-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-propoxy}-silanyloxy)-2-methyl-propoxy]-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilepan-2-yl}-propyl ester; octanethioic acid S-[3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-(3-octanoylsulfanyl-propyl)-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl] ester; octanethjoic acid S-[3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl]ester; octanethioic acid S-[3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[{3-[bis-(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-(3-mercapto-propyl)-(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-silanyl)-propyl]ester; dimethyl-thiocarbamic acid S-[3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl]ester; dimethyl-dithiocarbamic acid 3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl ester; dimethyl-dithiocarbamic acid 3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl ester; thiocarbonic acid O-ethyl ester S-[3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl]ester; trithiocarbonic acid ethyl ester 3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl ester; trithiocarbonic acid ethyl ester 3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl ester; dithiobutyric acid 3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl ester; dithiobutyric acid 3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl ester; diethyl-dithiocarbamic acid 3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl ester; diethyl-dithiocarbamic acid 3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl ester; N-methyl-thiobutyrimidic acid 3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl ester; N-methyl-thiobutyrimidic acid 3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl ester; thiophosphoric acid O,O′-diethyl ester S-[3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl]ester; thiophosphoric acid O-ethyl ester S-[3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl]ester O′-propyl ester; dithiophosphoric acid O-ethyl ester S-[3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl]ester O′-propyl ester; trithiophosphoric acid S,S′-diethyl ester S″-[3((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl]ester; tetrathiophosphoric acid diethyl ester 3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl ester; tetrathiophosphoric acid diethyl ester 3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl ester; tetrathiophosphoric acid ethyl ester 3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl ester propyl ester; methyl-phosphonodithioic acid S-ethyl ester S-[3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl] ester; and, dimethyl-phosphinothioic acid S-[3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl] ester. 
     
     
       3. The free flowing filler composition of  claim 1  wherein the
 organofunctional silane is at least one member selected from the group consisting of octanethioic acid S-[3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[{3-[bis-(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-(3-mercapto-propyl)-(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-silanyl)-propyl]ester; octanethioic acid S-[3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl]ester; octanethioic acid 3-(2-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yl)-propyl ester; octanethioic acid S-[3-(2-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-4,4,6-trimethyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-1,1-dimethyl-butoxy}-4,4,6-trimethyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yl)-propyl] ester; octanethioic acid S-[3-(2-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-4-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-butoxy}-4-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yl)-propyl] ester; undecanethioic acid S-[3-(2-{3-[2-(3-mercapto-propyl)-4-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-butoxy}-4-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yl)-propyl] ester; heptanethioic acid S-[3-((3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-methyl-silanyl)-propyl] ester; heptanethioic acid S-[3-(2-{3-[(3-hydroxy-2-methyl-propoxy)-(3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-silanyloxy]-2-methyl-propoxy}-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilepan-2-yl)-propyl] ester; thiopropionic acid 3-{2-[3-((3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-{2-methyl-3-[5-methyl-2-(3-propionylsulfanyl-propyl)-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-propoxy}-silanyloxy)-2-methyl-propoxy]-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilepan-2-yl}-propyl ester; and octanethioic acid 3-{2-[3-((3-mercapto-propyl)-methyl-{2-methyl-3-[5-methyl-2-(3-octanoylsulfanyl-propyl)-[1,3,2]dioxasilinan-2-yloxy]-propoxy}-silanyloxy)-2-methyl-propoxy]-5-methyl-[1,3,2]dioxasilepan-2-yl}-propyl ester. 
 
     
     
       4. The free flowing filler composition of  claim 1  wherein the filler is chemically inert relative to the silane. 
     
     
       5. The free flowing filler composition of  claim 1  wherein the filler is chemically reactive to the silane and silane is chemically bonded to filler. 
     
     
       6. The free flowing filler composition of  claim 5  wherein the filler is a siliceous material. 
     
     
       7. The free flowing filler composition of  claim 1  wherein the filler is a silica alone or in combination with one or more other particulate fillers. 
     
     
       8. The free flowing filler composition of  claim 7  wherein the filler is a precipitated silica. 
     
     
       9. The free flowing filer composition of  claim 1  comprising from about 0.1 to about 70 weight percent organofunctional silane(s). 
     
     
       10. The free flowing filler composition of  claim 9  comprising from about 0.5 to about 20 weight percent organofunctional silane(s).