Curable compositions consisting of silanes with three hydrolysable groups

Abstract

The invention relates to silane cross-linking curable compositions, comprising a polymer P with at least two terminal groups of the following formulae (I) and (II) -A m -K 1 —SiXYZ (I), -A m -K 2 —SiXYZ (II), and/or two polymers P 1 and P 2 , the polymer P 1 having terminal groups of the following formula (I) -A m -K 1 —SiXYZ (I), and the polymer P 2 having terminal groups of the following formula (II) -A m -K 2 —SiXYZ (II). In said formulae, A represents a bivalent binding group K 1 and K 2 independently of one another represent a bivalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group with a main chain of between 1 and 6 carbon atoms, the hydrocarbon groups K 1 , K 2 being different, X, Y and Z independently of one another represent a hydroxy group of a hydrolysable group and m stands for 0 or 1.

1. A curable composition encompassing
 a) a polymer P with at least two end groups of the following formulae (I) and (II)
   -A m -K 1 —SiXYZ  (I),
 
   -A m -K 2 —SiXYZ  (II),
 
 and one or both of 
 
 polymers P 1  and P 2 , wherein the polymer P 1  has end groups of the following formula (I)
   -A m -K 1 —SiXYZ  (I),
 
 and the polymer P 2  has end groups of the following formula (II)
   -A m -K 2 —SiXYZ  (II),
 
 
 wherein 
 
 A signifies a divalent binding group, 
 K 1 , K 2  independently of one another denote a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which has a main chain of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbon groups K 1 , K 2  are different, 
 X, Y, Z independently of one another denote a hydroxy group or a hydrolyzable group, and 
 m assumes the values 0 or 1. 
 
     
     
       2. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein K 2  has a main chain at least one carbon atom longer than K 1 . 
     
     
       3. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein K 1  denotes —CH 2 — and/or K 2  denotes —(CH 2 ) 3 —. 
     
     
       4. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein X, Y and Z each denote a hydrolyzable group selected from —Cl, —O—C(═O)R 1 , —OR 1 , wherein R 1  denotes a hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 20 C atoms. 
     
     
       5. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein X, Y and Z are the same. 
     
     
       6. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the divalent binding group A signifies an amide, carbamate, urea, imino, carboxy, carbonate, thio, mercapto, urethane or sulfonate group or an oxygen or nitrogen atom. 
     
     
       7. The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the polymers P, P 1 , P 2  each have a polymer backbone, each of which is selected from alkyd resins, (meth)acrylates and (meth)acrylamides and their salts, phenolic resins, polyalkylenes, polyamides, polycarbonates, polyols, polyethers, polyesters, polyurethanes, vinyl polymers, and copolymers consisting of at least two of the aforementioned classes of polymers. 
     
     
       8. The composition according to  claim 7 , wherein the molecular weight M n  of the polymer backbone is between 3000 and 50,000 g/mol. 
     
     
       9. A method for the production of the curable composition of  claim 1 , in which
 a) a polymer P′ with a polymer backbone having at least two terminal functional groups C and 
 b) two compounds with functional groups D, which are reactive towards C, of general formulae (III) and (IV),
   D-K 1 —SiXYZ  (III)
 
   D-K 2 —SiXYZ  (IV),
 
 
 are reacted together, 
 wherein the substances (III) and (IV) are added to the polymer P′ simultaneously during the reaction or first compound (IV) is added and then, at a short interval, compound (III), 
 wherein C and D are selected from one of the groups
 —OH, —NHR 2 , —NH 2 , —Cl, —Br, —SH and 
 —NCO, —NCS, —C(═O)Cl, —C(═O)OR 3    
 
 and 
 
       C and D do not belong to the same group,
 K 1 , K 2  independently of one another denote a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which has a main chain of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbon groups K 1 , K 2  are different, 
 X, Y, Z independently of one another denote a hydroxy group or a hydrolyzable group, 
 R 2 , R 3  each independently of one another denote a hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 20 C atoms. 
 
     
     
       10. A method for the production of the curable composition of  claim 1 , in which first
 a) a polymer P′ with a polymer backbone having at least two terminal functional groups C is reacted with the compound (III)
   D-K 1 —SiXYZ  (III),
 
 
 separately therefrom 
 b) a polymer P″ with a polymer backbone having at least two terminal functional groups C is reacted with the compound (IV)
   D-K 2 —SiXYZ  (IV),
 
 
 and 
 c) then the reaction products from step a) and step b) are mixed together, 
 wherein C and D are selected from one of the groups
 —OH, —NHR 4 , —NH 2 , —Cl, —Br, —SH and 
 —NCO, —NCS, —C(═O)Cl, —C(═O)OR 5    
 
 and 
 
       C and D do not belong to the same group,
 K 1 , K 2  independently of one another denote a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which has a main chain of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbon groups K 1 , K 2  are different, 
 X, Y independently of one another denote a hydroxy group or a hydrolyzable group, 
 R 4 , R 5  each independently of one another denote a hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 20 C atoms. 
 
     
     
       11. The method according to  claim 9 , wherein the method is carried out in a range from 60 to 100° C. 
     
     
       12. The method according to  claim 9 , wherein the ratio of functional groups D to functional groups C is between 2:1 and 1.3:1. 
     
     
       13. A preparation containing a composition according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
       14. A curable composition comprising polymer P with at least two end groups of the following formulae (I) and (II)
   -A m -K 1 —SiXYZ  (I),
 
   -A m -K 2 —SiXYZ  (II)
 
 wherein 
 A signifies a divalent binding group, 
 K 1 , K 2  independently of one another denote a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which has a main chain of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbon groups K 1 , K 2  are different, 
 X, Y, Z independently of one another denote a hydroxy group or a hydrolyzable group, and 
 m assumes the values 0 or 1. 
 
     
     
       15. The curable composition of  claim 14  including:
 at least one of polymer P 1  with end groups of the following formula (I) -A m -K 1 —SiXYZ; and 
 polymer P 2  with end groups of the following formula (II) -A m -K 2 —SiXYZ. 
 
     
     
       16. The curable composition of  claim 14  including:
 polymer P 1  with end groups of the following formula -A m -K 1 —SiXYZ; and polymer P 2  with end groups of the following formula -A m -K 2 —SiXYZ.