Acoustic touch sensor

Abstract

A touch sensor comprises a substrate capable of propagating acoustic waves and includes a first surface having a touch sensitive region. A first sidewall intersects the first surface along a first edge. The first edge is configured to propagate a first acoustic wave along the first edge. The first acoustic wave may be a one-dimensional edge wave. A wave converter converts the first acoustic wave to a second acoustic wave, and the first surface is configured to propagate the second acoustic wave across the touch sensitive region.

1. A touch sensor comprising:
 a substrate capable of propagating acoustic waves, the substrate including a first surface, a first sidewall, and a second surface opposite said first surface; said first surface having a touch sensitive region, said first sidewall intersecting the first surface along a first edge and intersecting the second surface along a second edge, the first edge being configured to propagate a first edge acoustic wave along the first edge and not along the second edge, the first surface being configured to propagate a second acoustic wave across the touch sensitive region, the second acoustic wave being based on the first edge acoustic wave and being a Rayleigh wave; and 
 a wave converter for converting the first edge acoustic wave to the second acoustic wave. 
 
     
     
       2. The touch sensor of  claim 1 , wherein the first sidewall and the first surface intersect at the first edge with an angle of approximately 90°. 
     
     
       3. The touch sensor of  claim 1 , further comprising a transducer provided proximate the first edge, the transducer producing the first edge acoustic wave propagating along the first edge, the transducer receiving the second acoustic wave propagating across the touch sensitive region. 
     
     
       4. The touch sensor of  claim 1 , wherein the wave converter comprises a partially reflective element located immediately adjacent the first edge. 
     
     
       5. The touch sensor of  claim 1 , wherein the wave converter comprises a first array of partially reflective elements positioned proximate the first edge for converting the first edge acoustic wave propagating along the first edge to the second acoustic wave propagating on the substrate. 
     
     
       6. The touch sensor of  claim 1 , wherein the wave converter comprises first partially reflective elements that are spaced apart by approximately a wavelength of the first edge acoustic wave. 
     
     
       7. The touch sensor of  claim 1 , wherein the wave converter including reflective elements having regularly spaced grooves. 
     
     
       8. The touch sensor of  claim 1 , further comprising a transducer provided proximate the first edge, the transducer producing the first edge acoustic wave propagating along the first edge. 
     
     
       9. The touch sensor of  claim 1 , further comprising a diffractive grating comprising a series of regularly spaced grooves proximate the first edge, the grooves extending from the first edge along the first surface for a distance of less than a wavelength of the first edge acoustic wave. 
     
     
       10. The touch sensor of  claim 1 , further comprising a transducer proximate the first edge, the transducer including a shear-mode piezo provided on a surface of the substrate perpendicular to a direction of propagation of the first edge acoustic wave. 
     
     
       11. The touch sensor of  claim 1 , wherein the wave converter including reflective elements having regularly spaced protrusions. 
     
     
       12. The touch sensor of  claim 1 , wherein the wave converter is located on the first sidewall. 
     
     
       13. The touch sensor of  claim 1 , wherein the wave converter is located on the first surface. 
     
     
       14. The touch sensor of  claim 1 , wherein the wave converter is located on the first sidewall and on the first surface. 
     
     
       15. The touch sensor of  claim 6 , wherein the wave converter includes second partially reflective elements spaced apart by approximately a wavelength of the first edge acoustic wave, and wherein the first partially reflective elements and the second partially reflective elements are offset by a quarter-wavelength of the first edge acoustic wave. 
     
     
       16. The touch sensor of  claim 9 , wherein the transducer includes a piezo mounted on the first sidewall. 
     
     
       17. The touch sensor of  claim 9 , wherein the wave converter is located on the first surface. 
     
     
       18. The touch sensor of  claim 3 , comprising a second sidewall opposite the first sidewall, said second sidewall reflecting the second acoustic wave.