Method for producing hydrocarbon oxysilicon compounds

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing silicon compounds (A) having hydrocarbon oxy-groups that have at least one unit of the general formula (1) H m Si(OR) n (OR′) o R″pX4-m-n-o-p (1) by conversion of silicon compounds (B) having at least one unit of the general formula (2) H m+n Si(OR′)oR″pX4-m-n-o-p (2), having an alcohol of the general formula (3) ROH (3) in the presence of a catalyst (K) that is on a carrier material bonded metal selected from Ni, Pd, Pt, wherein per mol formed group OR, at maximum 1 liter of solvent is used and wherein R, R′, R″, X, m, n, o and p have the meanings listed in claim 1.

The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A process for preparing silicon compound products which have hydrocarbonoxy groups and have at least one unit of the general formula (1)
   H m Si(OR) n (OR′) o R″ p X 4-m-n-o-p   (1)
 
 said method comprising reacting silicon compound reactants which have at least one unit of the general formula (2)
   H m+n Si(OR′) o R″ p X 4-m-n-o-p   (2)
 
 
 with an alcohol of the general formula (3)
   ROH  (3)
 
 
 in the presence of a catalyst which is a metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Pd and Pt bound to a support material, where not more than one liter of solvent is used per mole of OR group formed and 
 R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical which has from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted by OH groups, halogen atoms, silyl groups, siloxy groups, —CN, —COOR 1 , —OCOOR 2 , —CONR 3 R 4 , —OCONR 5 R 6 , —NR 7 CONR 8 R 9 , —SO 2 —R 10 , —OSO 2 —R 11 , —OP(OR 12 )(OR 13 ), where a carbon chain thereof is optionally interrupted by nonadjacent —(CO)—, —O—, —S— or —NR 14 — groups; 
 R′, R″ are each a monovalent hydrocarbon radical which has from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted by halogen atoms, silyl groups, siloxy groups, —CN, —COOR 1 , —OCOOR 2 , —CONR 3 R 4 , —OCONR 5 R 6 , —NR 7 CONR 8 R 9 , —SO 2 —R 10 , OSO 2 —R 11 , —OP(OR 12 )(OR 13 ), where a carbon chain thereof is optionally interrupted by nonadjacent —(CO)—, —O—, —S— or —NR 14 — groups; 
 R 1  to R 14  are each a monovalent hydrocarbon radical which has from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted by halogen atoms, 
 X is a chemical bond via which radicals containing silicon atoms are bound, 
 m is 0, 1, 2 or 3, 
 n is 1, 2 or 3, 
 m+n is 1, 2 or 3, 
 o is 0, 1, 2 or 3, 
 p is 0, 1, 2 or 3 and 
 m+n+o+p is 1, 2, 3 or 4. 
 
     
     
       2. The process as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon radical R has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and no additional OH group. 
     
     
       3. The process as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the radicals bound via chemical bonds X are polyvalent hydrocarbon radicals R C  which in the case of silicon compound products have one or more units of the general formula (1) and in the case of silicon compound reactants have one or more units of the general formula (2). 
     
     
       4. The process as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the radicals bound via the chemical bonds X are monovalent or polyvalent hydrocarbon radicals R CSi  which contain silicon atoms bound via Si—C bonds. 
     
     
       5. The process as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the radicals bound via the chemical bonds X are monovalent or polyvalent (poly)silane radicals R Si  which contain silicon atoms bound via Si—Si bonds. 
     
     
       6. The process as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the radicals bound via the chemical bonds X are monovalent or polyvalent (poly)siloxane radicals R OSi  which contain silicon atoms bound via Si—O—Si bonds. 
     
     
       7. The process as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the silicon compound products selected from among the general formulae (12) to (15)
   (RO) h —SiR″ 4-h   (12),
 
   RO—[SiR″ 2 —O—] z —R  (13),
 
   [RO—SiR″ 2 —O] y Si—R″ 4-y   (14),
 
   [R V R″ 2 SiO 1/2 ] a [(R{O—CH 2 CH(R IV )} r O)R″SiO 2/2 ] k [SiR″ 2 O 2/2 ] 1 [SiHR″O 2/2 ] m   (15),
 
 are prepared, where 
 R IV  are hydrogen atoms or methyl radicals, 
 R Y  are methyl, ethyl, vinyl, allyl or phenyl radicals, 
 h is 1 or 2, 
 z is from 1 to 20, 
 y is 1, 2, 3 or 4, 
 a is from 0 to 2, 
 r is from 0 to 20, 
 k is from 1 to 20, 
 l is from 0 to 200, 
 m is from 0 to 100 and 
 a+k+l+m is at least 4. 
 
     
     
       8. The process as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the catalyst support materials are selected from the group consisting of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , aluminas, activated carbons, zeolites and organic resins. 
     
     
       9. The process as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein a temperature is from −10° C. to +200° C. 
     
     
       10. The process as claimed in  claim 1  which is carried out in a batch, semibatch or continuous mode of operation. 
     
     
       11. The process as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein the radicals bound via chemical bonds X are polyvalent hydrocarbon radicals R C  which in the case of silicon compound products have one or more units of the general formula (1) and in the case of silicon compound reactants have one or more units of the general formula (2). 
     
     
       12. The process as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein the radicals bound via the chemical bonds X are monovalent or polyvalent hydrocarbon radicals R CSi  which contain silicon atoms bound via Si—C bonds. 
     
     
       13. The process as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein the radicals bound via the chemical bonds X are monovalent or polyvalent (poly)silane radicals R Si  which contain silicon atoms bound via Si—Si bonds. 
     
     
       14. The process as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein the radicals bound via the chemical bonds X are monovalent or polyvalent (poly)siloxane radicals R OSi  which contain silicon atoms bound via Si—O—Si bonds. 
     
     
       15. The process as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein the silicon compound products selected from among the general formulae (12) to (15)
   (RO) h —SiR″ 4-h   (12),
 
   RO—[SiR″ 2 —O—] Z —R  (13),
 
   [RO—SiR″ 2 —O] y Si—R″ 4-y   (14),
 
   [R V R″ 2 SiO 1/2 ] a [(R{O—CH 2 CH(R IV )} r O)R″SiO 2/2 ] k [SiR″ 2 O 2/2 ] l [SiHR″O 2/2 ] m   (15),
 
 are prepared, where 
 R IV  are hydrogen atoms or methyl radicals, 
 R Y  are methyl, ethyl, vinyl, allyl or phenyl radicals, 
 h is 1 or 2, 
 z is from 1 to 20, 
 y is 1, 2, 3 or 4, 
 a is from 0 to 2, 
 r is from 0 to 20, 
 k is from 1 to 20, 
 l is from 0 to 200, 
 m is from 0 to 100 and 
 a+k+l+m is at least 4. 
 
     
     
       16. The process as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein the catalyst support materials are selected from the group consisting of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , aluminas, activated carbons, zeolites and organic resins. 
     
     
       17. The process as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein a temperature is from −10° C. to +200° C. 
     
     
       18. The process as claimed in  claim 2  which is carried out in a batch, semibatch or continuous mode of operation. 
     
     
       19. The process as claimed in  claim 1 , where not more than 0.01 liter of solvent is used per mole of OR group formed.