Nonaqueous electrolyte battery using polyacid and/or polyacid compound

Abstract

A nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes: a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material layer that includes a positive electrode active material, a binder, and a compound having a pyrrolidone skeleton; a negative electrode having a negative electrode active material layer; a nonaqueous electrolyte that includes a solvent and an electrolyte salt; and a polyacid and/or a polyacid compound contained inside the battery.

The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A nonaqueous electrolyte battery comprising:
 a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material layer that includes a positive electrode active material, a binder, and a compound having a pyrrolidone skeleton; 
 a negative electrode having a negative electrode active material layer; 
 a nonaqueous electrolyte that includes a solvent and an electrolyte salt; and 
 at least one of a heteropolyacid and a heteropolyacid compound contained inside the battery. 
 
     
     
       2. The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the compound having a pyrrolidone skeleton is polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). 
     
     
       3. The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to  claim 1 ,
 wherein the compound having a pyrrolidone skeleton is contained in a content of from 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass %, inclusive, with respect to a mass of the positive electrode active material layer, and 
 wherein the at least one of a heteropolyacid and a heteropolyacid compound is added in an amount of from 0.014 mass % to 5.0 mass %, inclusive, with respect to a mass of the negative electrode active material layer. 
 
     
     
       4. The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte is a gel electrolyte that comprises:
 an electrolytic solution that includes the solvent and the electrolyte salt; and 
 a polymer compound that swells by absorbing the electrolytic solution. 
 
     
     
       5. The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to  claim 4 ,
 wherein the at least one of a heteropolyacid and a heteropolyacid compound is added to the gel electrolyte, 
 wherein the compound having a pyrrolidone skeleton is added in an amount of from 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass %, inclusive, with respect to a mass of the positive electrode active material layer, and 
 wherein the at least one of a heteropolyacid and a heteropolyacid compound is contained in a content of from 0.02 mass % to 7.0 mass %, inclusive, with respect to a mass of the gel electrolyte. 
 
     
     
       6. The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the heteropolyacid and the heteropolyacid compound each include a heteroatom selected from element group (c) consisting of B, Al, Si, P, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ge, and As. 
     
     
       7. The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to  claim 6 , wherein some of the heteroatoms in the heteropolyacid and the heteropolyacid compound are replaced with at least one element selected from the group consisting of H, Be, B, C, Na, Al, Si, P, S, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Zr, Rh, Sn, Sb, Te, I, Re, Pt, Bi, Ce, Th, U, and Np. 
     
     
       8. The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the at least one of a heteropolyacid and a heteropolyacid compound includes silicotungstic acid (H 4 SiW 12 O 40 ). 
     
     
       9. The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the binder includes polyvinylidene fluoride. 
     
     
       10. A nonaqueous electrolyte battery comprising:
 a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material layer that includes a positive electrode active material, a binder, and a compound having a pyrrolidone skeleton; 
 a negative electrode having a negative electrode active material layer; 
 a nonaqueous electrolyte that includes a solvent and an electrolyte salt; and 
 a coating that originates in at least one of a heteropolyacid and a heteropolyacid compound, and is formed on the positive electrode.