Toner

Abstract

Provided is a toner having high charging rapidity to reach a sufficient charging amount in a short time, high stability of charging from the initial stage to a time when a large amount of sheets is printed out, and high stability of charging under a high temperature and high humidity. In a toner including toner particles, each of which contains at least a binder resin, a colorant, and a charge controlling resin, the charge controlling resin is a copolymer of a structure A having at least a specific salicylic acid derivative structure and a structure B having sulfonic acid or sulfonic acid ester as a substituent.

The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A toner comprising toner particles, each of which contains a binder resin, a colorant, and a charge controlling resin, wherein
 the charge controlling resin is a polymer having a structure A represented by a formula (1) and a structure B represented by a formula (2): 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein in the formula (1), 
         R 1  represents a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an alkyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 18 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 18 carbon atoms; 
         R 2  represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 18 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 18 carbon atoms; 
         g represents an integer of not less than 1 and not more than 3; h represents an integer of not less than 0 and not more than 3; if h is 2 or 3, R 1  is each independently selected; 
         in the formula (2), 
         R 6  represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 12 carbon atoms; 
         B 1  represents an alkylene structure that has 1 or 2 carbon atoms and may have a substituent, or an aromatic ring that may have a substituent; the substituent in the alkylene structure is a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 12 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 or 12 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 12 carbon atoms; the substituent in the aromatic ring is a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 12 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 12 carbon atoms; and 
         * sites in the structure A and the structure B are coupling sites in the polymer. 
       
     
     
       2. The toner according to  claim 1 , wherein
 the structure A is contained in the polymer as a partial structure represented by a formula (3), and the structure B is contained in the polymer as a partial structure represented by a formula (4): 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         R 3  represents a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an alkyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 18 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 18 carbon atoms; 
         R 4  represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 18 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 18 carbon atoms; 
         R 5  represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; 
         i represents an integer of not less than 1 and not more than 3; j represents an integer of not less than 0 and not more than 3; if j is 2 or 3, R 3  is each independently selected; 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         R 7  represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 12 carbon atoms; 
         R 8  represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; 
         B 2  is an alkylene structure that has 1 or 2 carbon atoms and may have a substituent, or an aromatic ring that may have a substituent; the substituent in the alkylene structure is a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 12 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 or 12 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 12 carbon atoms; the substituent in the aromatic ring is a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 12 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyl group having not less than 1 and not more than 12 carbon atoms. 
       
     
     
       3. The toner according to  claim 1 , when the content of the structure A represented by the formula (1) in the toner is a (μmol/g), and the content of the structure B represented by the formula (2) in the toner is b (μmol/g), the ratio a/b is 0.10≦a/b≦10.0, and a content b is not less than 0.100 μmol/g. 
     
     
       4. The toner according to  claim 1 , wherein
 the toner particles are toner particles obtained by 
 adding a polymerizable monomer composition containing a polymerizable monomer and the charge controlling resin to an aqueous medium, 
 granulating the polymerizable monomer composition in the aqueous medium to form particles of the polymerizable monomer composition, and 
 polymerizing the polymerizable monomer contained in the particles.