Polymerizable compound, polymerizable composition, polymer, and optically anisotropic body

Abstract

The present invention provides a polymerizable compound represented by the following formula (I), a polymerizable composition that includes the polymerizable compound and an initiator, a polymer obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable compound or the polymerizable composition, and an optically anisotropic article that includes the polymer. The polymerizable compound, polymerizable composition, and polymer have a practical low melting point, exhibit an excellent solubility in a general-purpose solvent, can be produced at low cost, and may produce an optical film that achieves uniform conversion of polarized light over a wide wavelength band, and an optically anisotropic article.

The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A polymerizable compound represented by a general formula (I), 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein Q 1  to Q 4  are independently a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, 
         X is a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, 
         A x  and A y  are independently a group represented by a general formula (II), 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein “*” indicates a bonding position, 
         Y 1  to Y 6  are independently a chemical single bond, —O—, —S—, —O—C(═O)—, —C(═O)—O—, —O—C(═O)—O—, —NR 1 —C(═O)—, —C(═O)—NR 1 —, —O—C(═O)—NR 1 —, —NR 1 —C(═O)—O—, —NR 1 —C(═O)—NR 1 —, or —NR 1 —O—, R 1  is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, 
         G 1  and G 2  are independently a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aliphatic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms that optionally includes —O—, —S—, —O—C(═O)—, —C(═O)—O—, —O—C(═O)—O—, —NR 2 —C(═O)—, —C(═O)—NR 2 —, —NR 2 —, or —C(═O)—, provided that a case where the aliphatic group includes two or more adjacent —O— or —S— is excluded, R 2  is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, 
         Z 1  and Z 2  are independently an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms that is substituted with a halogen atom, or unsubstituted, 
         A 1  is a substituted or unsubstituted trivalent aromatic group, and 
         A 2  and A 3  are independently a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and 
         n is 0 or 1. 
       
     
     
       2. The polymerizable compound according to  claim 1 , wherein A x  and A y  are independently the group represented by the general formula (II) wherein A 1  is a substituted or unsubstituted trivalent benzene ring group, or a substituted or unsubstituted trivalent naphthalene ring group, and A 2  and A 3  are independently a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group. 
     
     
       3. The polymerizable compound according to  claim 1 , wherein A x  and A y  are independently the group represented by the general formula (II) wherein Y 1  to Y 6  are independently a chemical single bond, —O—, —O—C(═O)—, —C(═O)—O—, or —O—C(═O)—O—. 
     
     
       4. The polymerizable compound according to  claim 1 , wherein A x  and A y  are independently the group represented by the general formula (II) wherein Z 1  and Z 2  are independently CH 2 ═CH—, CH 2 ═C(CH 3 )—, or CH 2 ═C(Cl)—. 
     
     
       5. The polymerizable compound according to  claim 1 , wherein A x  and A y  are independently the group represented by the general formula (II) wherein G 1  and G 2  are independently a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aliphatic group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms that optionally includes —O—, —O—C(═O)—, —C(═O)—O—, or —C(═O)—, provided that a case where the aliphatic group includes two or more adjacent —O— is excluded. 
     
     
       6. The polymerizable compound according to  claim 1 , wherein X in the general formula (I) is a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted biphenylene group. 
     
     
       7. The polymerizable compound according to  claim 1 , wherein A x  and A y  are independently the group represented by the general formula (II) wherein A 1  is a substituted or unsubstituted trivalent benzene ring group, A 2  and A 3  are independently a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group, Y 1  to Y 6  are independently a chemical single bond, —O—, —O—C(═O)—, —C(═O)—O—, or —O—C(═O)—O—, G 1  and G 2  are independently an alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and Z 1  and Z 2  are independently CH 2 ═CH—, CH 2 ═C(CH 3 )—, or CH 2 ═C(Cl)—. 
     
     
       8. A polymerizable composition comprising at least polymerizable compound according to  claim 1 , and an initiator. 
     
     
       9. The polymerizable compound according to  claim 2 , wherein A x  and A y  are independently the group represented by the general formula (II) wherein Y 1  to Y 6  are independently a chemical single bond, —O—, —O—C(═O)—, —C(═O)—O—, or —O—C(═O)—O—. 
     
     
       10. The polymerizable compound according to  claim 2 , wherein A x  and A y  are independently the group represented by the general formula (II) wherein Z 1  and Z 2  are independently CH 2 ═CH—, CH 2 ═C(CH 3 )—, or CH 2 ═C(Cl)—. 
     
     
       11. The polymerizable compound according to  claim 3 , wherein A x  and A y  are independently the group represented by the general formula (II) wherein Z 1  and Z 2  are independently CH 2 ═CH—, CH 2 ═C(CH 3 )—, or CH 2 ═C(Cl)—. 
     
     
       12. The polymerizable compound according to  claim 2 , wherein A x  and A y  are independently the group represented by the general formula (II) wherein G 1  and G 2  are independently a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aliphatic group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms that optionally includes —O—, —O—C(═O)—, —C(═O)—O—, or —C(═O)—, provided that a case where the aliphatic group includes two or more adjacent —O— is excluded. 
     
     
       13. The polymerizable compound according to  claim 3 , wherein A x  and A y  are independently the group represented by the general formula (II) wherein G 1  and G 2  are independently a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aliphatic group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms that optionally includes —O—, —O—C(═O)—, —C(═O)—O—, or —C(═O)—, provided that a case where the aliphatic group includes two or more adjacent —O— is excluded. 
     
     
       14. The polymerizable compound according to  claim 4 , wherein A x  and A y  are independently the group represented by the general formula (II) wherein G 1  and G 2  are independently a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aliphatic group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms that optionally includes —O—, —O—C(═O)—, —C(═O)—O—, or —C(═O)—, provided that a case where the aliphatic group includes two or more adjacent —O— is excluded. 
     
     
       15. The polymerizable compound according to  claim 2 , wherein X in the general formula (I) is a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted biphenylene group. 
     
     
       16. The polymerizable compound according to  claim 3 , wherein X in the general formula (I) is a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted biphenylene group.