Solid-state electrolytes for rechargeable lithium batteries

Abstract

A lithium ion battery cell. The lithium ion battery cell includes a lithium-based anode, a cathode, and a solid-state electrolyte positioned between the lithium-based anode and the cathode. The cathode comprises an alkylammonium cation lithium phthalocyanine anion complex. The solid-state electrolyte comprises an alkoxyalkylammonium cation lithium phthalocyanine anion complex.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A lithium ion battery comprising:
 a plurality of lithium ion battery cells arranged in a series such that the anode of one lithium ion battery cell of the plurality is adjacent to the cathode of another lithium ion battery cell of the plurality, the lithium ion battery cells of the plurality further comprising:
 a lithium-based anode; 
 a cathode; and 
 a solid-state electrolyte comprising an alkoxyalkylammonium cation lithium phthalocyanine anion complex, wherein the solid-state electrolyte is positioned between the lithium-based anode and the cathode; 
 
 a negative terminal adjacent to the anode of the outer most one lithium ion battery cell of the plurality; and 
 a positive terminal adjacent to the cathode of the outer most one lithium ion battery cell of the plurality. 
 
     
     
       2. The lithium ion battery of  claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises an alkylammonium cation lithium phthalocyanine anion complex. 
     
     
       3. A solid-state electrolyte material for use in a lithium ion battery, the solid-state electrolyte material comprising:
 an alkoxyalkylammonium cation lithium phthalocyanine anion complex. 
 
     
     
       4. The solid-state electrolyte material of  claim 3 , wherein the alkoxyalkylammonium cation is selected from the group consisting of 2-(2-methoxyethyoxy)-N,N-bis[2-(2-methoxyethyoxy)ethyl]-N-methylethanaminium and N,N-dibutyl-N-(2-ethyoxyehtyl)-1-butanaminium. 
     
     
       5. The solid-state electrolyte material of  claim 3 , further comprising:
 a lithium salt. 
 
     
     
       6. The solid-state electrolyte material of  claim 5 , wherein the lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium iodide, lithium bromide, and lithium chloride. 
     
     
       7. The solid-state electrolyte material of  claim 3 , further comprising:
 dilithium phthalocyanine. 
 
     
     
       8. The solid-state electrolyte material of  claim 3 , further comprising:
 a binder. 
 
     
     
       9. A method of manufacturing a lithium ion battery cell, the method comprising: preparing a solid-state electrolyte comprising an alkoxyalkylammonium cation lithium phthalocyanine anion complex; applying the solid-state electrolyte to a lithium-based cathode; optionally, thermally processing the solid-state electrolyte on the lithium-based cathode; applying a lithium-based anode to the solid-state electrolyte opposing the lithium-based cathode; and optionally, thermally processing the lithium-based cathode with the solid-state electrolyte and the lithium-based anode. 
     
     
       10. The method of  claim 9 , wherein preparing the solid-state electrolyte further comprises:
 introducing a binder. 
 
     
     
       11. The method of  claim 9 , wherein the lithium-based cathode comprises an alkylammonium cation lithium phthalocyanine anion complex. 
     
     
       12. The method of  claim 9 , wherein the anode is lithium metal or a lithium composite anode further comprising dilithium phthalocyanine with lithium metal. 
     
     
       13. The method of  claim 9 , wherein thermally processing comprises:
 increasing a temperature of the lithium-based cathode, the solid-state electrolyte, and the lithium-based anode over a plurality of days; 
 slowly cooling the lithium-based cathode, the solid-state electrolyte, and the lithium-based anode. 
 
     
     
       14. The method of  claim 9 , further comprising:
 optionally, thermally processing the lithium-based cathode before applying the solid-state electrolyte.