Functionalized polymers containing polyamine succinimide for antifouling in hydrocarbon refining processes

Abstract

A multipurpose chemical additives (MPC) is disclosed to mitigate fouling in hydrocarbon refinery processes, such as in a heat exchanger. A method for reducing fouling of a hydrocarbon is also disclosed that includes (i) providing a crude hydrocarbon for a refining process; and (ii) adding an additive to the crude hydrocarbon.

The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A method for reducing fouling in a hydrocarbon refining process comprising
 providing a crude hydrocarbon for a refining process; and 
 adding an additive to the crude hydrocarbon, the additive selected from the group consisting of: 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein: 
         m is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive; 
         R 1  is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800  alkyl or alkenyl group; 
         R 2  is a C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group; 
         R 3  is a C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group:, 
         R 31  is hydrogen or —R 8 —R 9 , wherein R 8  is C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 9  is 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 91  is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800  alkyl or alkenyl group; or R 8  and R 9  together are a C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more amine groups; and further wherein the —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit is optionally interrupted in one or more places y a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic cycloalkyl group:, and 
         R 4  and R 5  are each independently selected from (a) hydrogen; (b) a bond connected to R 31  in the m-th —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit; or (c) —R 6 —R 7 , wherein R 6  is C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 7  is 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 71  is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800  alkyl or alkenyl group, 
         wherein, n is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive, and the groups R 2 ′, R 3 ′, R 31 ′, R 4 ′ and R 5 ′ are each defined the same as R 2 , R 3 , R 31  and R 4 , and R 5 , respectively, and 
         wherein at least one of R 1 , R 71 , and R 91  comprises polyethylene. 
       
     
     
       2. A method for the reducing fouling in a hydrocarbon refining process comprising
 providing a crude hydrocarbon for a refining process; and 
 adding an additive to the crude hydrocarbon, the additive selected from the group consisting of: 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein: 
         m is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive; 
         R 1  is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800  alkyl or alkenyl group; 
         R 2  is a C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group; 
         R 3  is a C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group; 
         R 31  is hydrogen or —R 8 —R 9 , wherein R 8  is C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 9  is 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 91  is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800  alkyl or alkenyl group; or R 8  and R 9  together are a C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more amine groups; and further wherein the —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit is optionally interrupted in one or more places by a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic cycloalkyl group; and 
         R 4  and R 5  are each independently selected from (a) hydrogen; (b) a bond connected to R 31  in the m-th —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit; or (c) —R 6 —R 7 , wherein R 6  is C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 7  is 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 71  is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800  alkyl or alkenyl group, 
         wherein, n is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive, and the groups R 2 ′, R 3 ′, R 31 ′, R 4 ′ and R 5 ′ are each defined the same as R 2 , R 3 , R 31  and R 4 , and R 5 , respectively, and 
         wherein at least one of R 1 , R 71 , and R 91  comprises poly(ethytene-co-propylene). 
       
     
     
       3. The method of  claim 2 , wherein at least one of R 1 , R 71 , and R 91  comprises from about 1 mole % to about 90 mole % of ethylene units and from about 99 mole % to about 10 mole % propylene units. 
     
     
       4. The method of  claim 3 , wherein at least one of R 1 , R 71 , and R 91  comprises from about 10 mole % to about 50 mole % of ethylene units. 
     
     
       5. A method for reducing fouling in a hydrocarbon refining process comprising
 providing a crude hydrocarbon for a refining process; and 
 adding an additive to the crude hydrocarbon, the additive selected from the group consisting of: 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein: 
         m is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive; 
         R 1  is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800  alkyl or alkenyl group; 
         R 2  is a C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group; 
         R 3  is a C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group; 
         R 31  is hydrogen or —R 8 —R 9 , wherein R 8  is C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 9  is 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 91  is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800  alkyl or alkenyl group; or R 8  and R 9  together are a C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more amine groups; and further wherein the —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit is optionally interrupted in one or more places by a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic cycloalkyl group; and 
         R 4  and R 5  are each independently selected from (a) hydrogen; (b) a bond connected to R 31  in the m-th —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit; or (c) —R 6 —R 7 , wherein R 6  is C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 7  is 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 71  is a branched or straight-ehained C 10 -C 800  alkyl or alkenyl group, 
         wherein, n is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive, and the groups R 2 ′, R 3 ′, R 31 ′, R 4 ′ and R 5 ′ are each defined the same as R 2 , R 3 , R 31  and R 4 , and R 5 , respectively, and 
         wherein at least one of R 1 , R 71 , and R 91  comprises poly(propylene-co-higher alpha-olefin), the higher alpha-olefin including two or more carbon atoms on each side chain. 
       
     
     
       6. The method of  claim 1  or  2  or  5 , wherein at least one of R 1 , R 71 , and R 91  has a number-averaged molecular weight of from about 300 to about 30000 g/mol. 
     
     
       7. The method of  claim 1 , or  2 , or  5 , wherein the nitrogen content in the compound is about 1 wt % to about 10 wt % based on the total weight of the compound. 
     
     
       8. A method for reducing fouling in a hydrocarbon refining process comprising
 providing a crude hydrocarbon for a refining process; and 
 adding an additive to the crude hydrocarbon, the additive selected from the group consisting of: 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein: 
         m is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive; 
         R 1  is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800  alkyl or alkenyl group; 
         R 2  is a C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group; 
         R 3  is a C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group; 
         R 31  is hydrogen or —R 8 —R 9 , wherein R 8  is C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 9  is 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 91  is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800  alkyl or alkenyl group or R 8  and R 9  together are a C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more amine groups; and further wherein the —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit is optionally interrupted in one or more places by a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic cycloalkyl group; and 
         R 4  and R 5  are each independently selected from (a) hydrogen; (b) a bond connected to R 31  in the m-th —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit; or (c) —R 6 —R 7 , wherein R 6  C 1 -C 4  branched or straight chained alkylene group, and R 7  is 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 71  is a branched or straight-chained C 10 -C 800  alkyl or alkenyl group, 
         wherein, n is an integer between 0 and 10 inclusive, and the groups R 2 ′, R 3 ′,R 31 ′, R 4 ′ and R 5 ′ are each defined the same as R 2 , R 3 , R 31  and R 4 , and R 5 , respectively, 
         wherein R 3  is —CH 2 —CH 2 —, and R 31  is hydrogen; and 
         wherein the —N(R 31 )—R 3 — repeat unit is interrupted in one or more places by a 1,4-diethylenediamine.