System for extending turndown in a gas-liquid separator

Abstract

An apparatus for extending turndown in a gas-liquid separator is presented. The apparatus includes a first mist extractor with a first operating range and a second mist extractor with a second operating range. The mist extractors are generally of the same type, with the second operating range being different than the first operating range. A gas stream containing entrained liquid droplets flows through the first mist extractor and then through the second mist extractor. Each mist extractor coalesces and captures the liquid droplets within its own operating range, expanding the overall operating range of the separator. Additional mist extractors may be added to cover any gap between the first and second operating ranges.

What is claimed: 
     
       1. An apparatus for extending turndown in a gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator having a gas phase area located within it, the apparatus comprising:
 a first and a second mist extractor located in a gas-phase area of the gas-liquid separator and arranged in series with one another, said mist extractors being a same kind of mist extractor but having a different cross-sectional area A 1  and A 2 , respectively, the cross-sectional area A 2  of the second mist extractor being sized according to an equation A 2 =K 1 A 1 T 2 /K 2 T O  where: 
 
       K 1  is a design upper limit K-factor of the first mist extractor, 
       K 2  is a design upper limit K-factor of the second mist extractor, 
       T 2  is a targeted turndown of the second mist extractor, and 
       T O  is a targeted turndown of the gas-liquid separator, T O ≠T 2 . 
     
     
       2. An apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein the cross-sectional area A 2  of the second mist extractor is greater than K 1 A 1 /K 2 T 1  where T 1  is a targeted turndown of the first mist extractor, T 1 ≠T 2 . 
     
     
       3. An apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein the cross-sectional area A 2  of the second mist extractor is less than K 1 A 1 /K 2 T 1  where T 1  is a targeted turndown of the first mist extractor. 
     
     
       4. An apparatus according to  claim 3  further comprising at least one additional mist extractor located in the gas-phase area of the gas-liquid separator and arranged in series with the first and second mist extractors, the at least one additional mist extractor being a same kind of mist extractor as the first and second mist extractors. 
     
     
       5. An apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein the targeted turndown T 2  of the second mist extractor is a turndown for a flow rate below a designed minimum operating flow rate of the gas-liquid separator. 
     
     
       6. An apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein an operating range of the second mist extractor is lower than an operating range of the first mist extractor. 
     
     
       7. An apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein an operating range of the first mist extractor and of the second mist extractor overlap one another. 
     
     
       8. An apparatus according to  claim 1  further comprising at least one additional mist extractor located in the gas-phase area of the gas-liquid separator and arranged in series with the first and second mist extractors, the at least one additional mist extractor being a same kind of mist extractor as the first and second mist extractors.