Vanadium oxysulfide based cathode materials for rechargeable battery

Abstract

A cathode active composite containing an amorphous composite of vanadium oxide and an inorganic sulfide is provided. In one embodiment the composite contains vanadium pentoxide and phosphorous pentasulfide. An elctrochemical cell and a reversible battery having a cathode containing the cathode active composite are also provided. In one embodiment the battery is a magnesium battery.

The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A cathode active material, comprising:
 an amorphous composite of a vanadium oxide and an inorganic sulfide compound selected from the group consisting of P 2 S 5 , B 2 S 3 , SiS 2 , GeS 2 , Al 2 S 3  and Ga 2 S 3 . 
 
     
     
       2. The cathode active material of  claim 1 , wherein the vanadium oxide comprises a vanadium pentoxide of formula V 2 O 5 . 
     
     
       3. The cathode active material of  claim 1 , wherein the vanadium oxide consists of vanadium pentoxide of formula V 2 O 5 . 
     
     
       4. The cathode active material of  claim 1 , wherein the inorganic sulfide compound is B 2 S 3 . 
     
     
       5. The cathode active material of  claim 4 , wherein the inorganic sulfide compound is P 2 S 5 . 
     
     
       6. A cathode, comprising:
 a current collector; and 
 the cathode active material of  claim 1 . 
 
     
     
       7. The cathode of  claim 6 , wherein the vanadium oxide comprises a vanadium pentoxide of formula V 2 O 5 . 
     
     
       8. The cathode of  claim 6 , wherein the vanadium oxide consists of vanadium pentoxide of formula V 2 O 5 . 
     
     
       9. The cathode of  claim 6 , wherein the inorganic sulfide compound is B 2 S 3 . 
     
     
       10. The cathode of  claim 9 , wherein the inorganic sulfide compound is P 2 S 5 . 
     
     
       11. The cathode of  claim 6 , wherein the vanadium oxide is vanadium pentoxide of formula V 2 O 5  and the inorganic sulfide compound is P 2 S 5 . 
     
     
       12. The cathode of  claim 11 , wherein a content of the V 2 O 5  is from 70 to 80 mol % based on the amorphous composite. 
     
     
       13. An electrochemical cell comprising:
 an anode; 
 the cathode of  claim 6 ; and 
 an electrolyte; 
 wherein the anode and cathode are capable of absorbing and releasing a metal ion selected from the group consisting of a lithium ion, a sodium ion and a magnesium ion. 
 
     
     
       14. A magnesium battery comprising the electrochemical cell of  claim 13  wherein the anode and cathode are capable of absorbing and releasing a magnesium ion. 
     
     
       15. The magnesium battery of  claim 14 , wherein the vanadium oxide comprises vanadium pentoxide of formula V 2 O 5 . 
     
     
       16. The magnesium battery of  claim 14 , wherein the vanadium oxide consists of vanadium pentoxide of formula V 2 O 5 . 
     
     
       17. The magnesium battery of  claim 14 , wherein the inorganic sulfide compound is B 2 S 3 . 
     
     
       18. The magnesium battery of  claim 17 , wherein the inorganic sulfide compound is P 2 S 5 . 
     
     
       19. The magnesium battery of  claim 14 , wherein the vanadium oxide is vanadium pentoxide of formula V 2 O 5  and the inorganic sulfide compound is P 2 S 5 . 
     
     
       20. The magnesium battery of  claim 19 , wherein a content of the V 2 O 5  is from 70 to 80 mol % based on the amorphous composite.