Feed for preventing and/or treating diseases caused by clostridium bacterium in livestock, and agent against clostridium

Abstract

The present invention provides a controlling agent for a disease caused by a Clostridium bacterium, comprising a cashew nut shell liquid, a heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol, or anacardic acid and cardanol.

The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A method of treating livestock suffering a disease caused by a  Clostridium perfringens  bacterium, comprising
 administering, to the livestock suffering the disease caused by the  Clostridium perfringens  bacterium, an amount of a controlling agent effective to control and/or inhibit growth of the  Clostridium perfringens  bacterium in the livestock and thereby treating the disease, 
 wherein the controlling agent comprises at least one of a cashew nut shell liquid and a heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, 
 wherein the livestock are in need of treatment for the disease which is caused by the  Clostridium perfringens  bacterium, and 
 wherein the administering includes feeding the livestock a feed comprising the controlling agent. 
 
     
     
       2. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the controlling agent comprises at least one of anacardic acid and cardanol. 
     
     
       3. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the livestock is in need of treatment for at least one disease caused by the  Clostridium perfringens  bacterium selected from the group consisting of necrotic enteritis, enterotoxemia, and malignant edema. 
     
     
       4. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the livestock is a fowl. 
     
     
       5. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the livestock is a fowl chick. 
     
     
       6. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the controlling agent comprises a cashew nut shell liquid containing 55 to 80 mass % of anacardic acid, 5 to 20 mass % of cardanol, and 5 to 30 mass % of cardol. 
     
     
       7. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the controlling agent comprises a cashew nut shell liquid containing 0 to 10 mass % of anacardic acid, 55 to 80 mass % of cardanol, and 5 to 30 mass % of cardol. 
     
     
       8. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the administering includes feeding the livestock a feed comprising 0.5 mass % of the cashew nut shell liquid or the heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid. 
     
     
       9. The method of  claim 1 , wherein said livestock is a cow. 
     
     
       10. The method of  claim 1 , wherein said livestock is a chicken. 
     
     
       11. The method of  claim 1 , wherein said livestock is a pig. 
     
     
       12. The method of  claim 6 , wherein the controlling agent has a minimum inhibitory concentration of 12.5 μg/ml or less according to a standard method authorized by Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (1981). 
     
     
       13. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the administering includes feeding the livestock a feed comprising 0.001 mass % to 1.0 mass % of the cashew nut shell liquid or the heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid. 
     
     
       14. The method of  claim 6 , wherein said livestock is a cow. 
     
     
       15. The method of  claim 6 , wherein said livestock is a chicken.