Cayalyst system

Abstract

A catalyst system includes a transition metal salt containing a halo group, an acetate group, or a combination thereof, and an organic phosphine ligand. The molar ratio of the organic phosphine ligand to the transition metal salt is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 50.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A catalyst system comprising:
 a metal salt, comprising Co(OAc) 2 , Zn(OAc) 2 , Pd(OAc) 2 , Fe(OAc) 2 , Fe(OAc) 3 , Cu(OAc) 2 , Cs(OAc), Rh(OAc) 2 (dimer), Pb(OAc) 2 , Sb(OAc) 3 , La(OAc) 3 , Bi(OAc) 3 , Cd(OAc) 2 , Y(OAc) 3 , or Sc(OAc) 3 ; 
 an organic phosphine ligand, wherein a molar ratio of the organic phosphine ligand to the metal salt is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 50; and 
 a halogen-containing compound, comprising tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC), tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI), anilinium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, benzoxonium chloride, cetrimonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, choline chloride, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium chloride, stearalkonium chloride, tetraethylammonium bromide, domiphen bromide, benzododecinium bromide, (1-ethoxy-1-oxohexadecan-2-yl)-trimethylazanium bromide, cetrimonium bromide, emepronium bromide, tetrabutylammonium tribromide, tetraoctylammonium bromide, thonzonium bromide, dithiazanine iodide, methiodide, or tetraethylammonium iodide. 
 
     
     
       2. The catalyst system of  claim 1 , wherein the organic phosphine ligand comprises triphenyl phosphine (PPh 3 ), triphenyl phosphine oxide (OPPh 3 ), Poly(dipropylene glycol) phenyl phosphite, tricyclohexyl phosphine (PCy 3 ), Tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, or diphenylmethyl phosphine. 
     
     
       3. The catalyst system of  claim 1 , wherein a molar ratio of the halogen-containing compound to the metal salt is greater than 0 but less than or equal to 50.