Toner

Abstract

The present invention provides a toner having a toner particle that contains a binder resin and an organic silicon polymer, wherein the organic silicon polymer has a specific structure, the proportion of the specific structure to the number of a silicon atom in the organic silicon polymer contained in the toner particle is at least 5.0%, the toner particle contain a polyester resin of from at least 1.0% by mass to less than 80% by mass, and the polyester resin is a specific polymer.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A toner comprising a toner particle that comprises:
 a binder resin; 
 an organic silicon polymer other than the binder resin, the organic silicon polymer being contained in a surface layer of the toner particle, and having a structure represented by formula (T3)
   Rf—SiO 3/2   (T3)
 
 
 in which Rf represents a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group, and a proportion of the structure represented by the formula (T3) to the number of a silicon atom in the organic silicon polymer is at least 5.0% calculated from Si-NMR chart; and 
 a polyester resin other than the binder resin, the polyester resin being contained in the toner particle in an amount of from at least 1.0% by mass to less than 80% by mass, the polyester resin has a melting point, wherein 
 dSi/(dC+dO+dSi+dS) is at least 2.5 atom % 
 when measuring densities of carbon atom, oxygen atom, silicon atom, and sulfur atom in the surface layer with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis (Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA)), and 
 resultant carbon atom density is defined as dC, 
 resultant oxygen atom density is defined as dO, 
 resultant silicon atom density is defined as dSi, and 
 resultant sulfur atom density is defined as dS. 
 
     
     
       2. The toner according to  claim 1 , wherein the melting point of the polyester resin is from 20.0° C. to 90.0° C. 
     
     
       3. The toner according to  claim 1 , wherein the Rf represents a methyl group. 
     
     
       4. A toner comprising a toner particle that comprises:
 a binder system containing at least two different polymers, said binder system comprising (i) a binder resin and (ii) a polyester resin other than the binder resin, the polyester resin being contained in the toner particle in an amount of from at least 1.0% by mass to less than 80% by mass, and being at least one member selected from the group consisting of a condensate “a”, a condensate “b” and a condensate “c”, 
 the condensate “a” being a condensate of an aliphatic diol having from 2 to 16 carbon atoms and an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having from 2 to 16 carbon atoms, a content of a unit derived from the aliphatic diol being at least 50.0 mol % based on total units derived from an alcohol component in the condensate “a”, and a content of a unit derived from the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid being at least 50.0 mol % based on all units derived from a carboxylic acid component in the condensate “a”, 
 the condensate “b” being a condensate of an aliphatic diol having from 2 to 16 carbon atoms and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid having from 2 to 16 carbon atoms, a content of a unit derived from the aliphatic diol being at least 50.0 mol % based on all units derived from an alcohol component in the condensate “b”, and a content of a unit derived from the aromatic dicarboxylic acid being at least 50.0 mol % based on all units derived from a carboxylic acid component in the condensate “b”, 
 the condensate “c” being a condensate of an aromatic diol and an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having from 2 to 16 carbon atoms, a content of a unit derived from the aromatic diol being at least 50.0 mol % based on all units derived from an alcohol component in the condensate “c”, and a content of a unit derived from the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid being at least 50.0 mol % based on all units derived from a carboxylic acid component in the condensate “c”, 
 dSi/(dC+dO+dSi+dS) is at least 2.5 atom % 
 when measuring densities of carbon atom, oxygen atom, silicon atom, and sulfur atom in the surface layer with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis (Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA)), and 
 resultant carbon atom density is defined as dC, 
 resultant oxygen atom density is defined as dO, 
 resultant silicon atom density is defined as dSi, and 
 resultant sulfur atom density is defined as dS; 
 said toner particle further comprising an organic silicon polymer other than said binder resin and said polyester resin, the organic silicon polymer being contained in a surface layer of the toner particle, and having a structure represented by formula (T3)
   Rf—SiO 3/2   (T3)
 
 
 in which Rf represents a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group, and a proportion of the structure represented by the formula (T3) to the number of a silicon atom in the organic silicon polymer is at least 5.0% calculated from Si-NMR chart. 
 
     
     
       5. The toner according to  claim 4 , wherein the Rf represents a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       6. The toner according to  claim 4 , wherein the Rf represents a methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group or phenyl group. 
     
     
       7. The toner according to  claim 4 , wherein the proportion of the structure represented by the formula (T3) to the number of the silicon atom in the organic silicon polymer is not more than 100.0%. 
     
     
       8. The toner according to  claim 4 , wherein the polyester resin is a polyester resin having a melting point. 
     
     
       9. The toner according to  claim 8 , wherein the melting point of the polyester resin is from 20.0° C. to 90.0° C. 
     
     
       10. The toner according to  claim 4 , wherein the carboxylic acid component contains an unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 2 to 16 carbon atoms of less than 50.0 mol %. 
     
     
       11. The toner according to  claim 4 , wherein the toner particle is produced by forming, in an aqueous medium, a particle of a polymerizable monomer composition comprising an organic silicon compound for obtaining the organic silicon polymer, a polymerizable monomer for forming the binder resin, and the polyester resin, and
 by polymerizing the polymerizable monomer. 
 
     
     
       12. The toner according to  claim 4 , wherein the organic silicon polymer is an organic silicon polymer obtained by polymerizing an organic silicon compound having a structure represented by formula (Z): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       in which R 1  represents a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or aryl group, and R 2 , R 3 , and R 4  independently represent a halogen atom, hydroxyl group, acetoxy group or alkoxy group. 
     
     
       13. The toner according to  claim 5 , wherein the organic silicon polymer is an organic silicon polymer obtained by polymerizing an organic silicon compound having a structure represented by formula (Z): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       in which R 1  represents a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R 2 , R 3 , and R 4  independently represent a halogen atom, hydroxyl group, acetoxy group or alkoxy group. 
     
     
       14. The toner according to  claim 6 , wherein the organic silicon polymer is an organic silicon polymer obtained by polymerizing an organic silicon compound having a structure represented by formula (Z): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       in which R 1  represents a methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group or phenyl group, and R 2 , R 3 , and R 4  independently represent a halogen atom, hydroxyl group, acetoxy group and alkoxy group. 
     
     
       15. The toner according to  claim 4 , wherein dSi/(dC+dO+dSi+dS) is at least 5.0 atom %. 
     
     
       16. The toner according to  claim 4 , wherein dSi/(dC+dO+dSi+dS) is at least 15.0 atom %. 
     
     
       17. The toner according to  claim 4 , wherein the Rf represents a methyl group. 
     
     
       18. The toner according to  claim 17 , wherein the organic silicon polymer is an organic silicon polymer obtained by polymerizing an organic silicon compound having a structure represented by formula (Z): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       in which R 1  represents a methyl group, and R 2 , R 3 , and R 4  independently represent a halogen atom, hydroxyl group, acetoxy group or alkoxy group.