Cross-lapper

Abstract

A cross-lapper ( 1 ) includes an upper carriage ( 2 ), a laying carriage ( 3 ), and two endless laying belts, which are each guided on the main carriages ( 2, 3 ) by deflecting rollers ( 15 to 21 ). The one laying belt ( 6 ) is designed as a feeding belt, which carries a fibrous web ( 9 ) and feeds the fibrous web to the upper carriage ( 2 ). The other laying belt ( 7 ) is designed as a counter belt. The upper carriage ( 2 ) has a belt deflection device ( 12 ) for both laying belts ( 6, 7 ). At the belt deflection device ( 12 ), the laying belt ( 6 ) is deflected by approximately 180 degrees from a feeding direction ( 11 ) thereof to the opposite direction by means of three of more deflection points ( 15, 16, 17 ).

The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A crosslapper comprising:
 main carriages comprising: an upper carriage with deflection rollers and a laying carriage with deflection rollers; 
 two endless laying belts, which are each guided via the deflection rollers on the main carriages, whereby one of the laying belts comprises a feeding belt, which carries a fibrous web and feeds the fibrous web to the upper carriage, and the upper carriage has a belt deflection device with the deflection rollers for both laying belts, wherein: 
 the feeding belt is deflected at the belt deflection device from a feed direction into the opposite direction by about 180°, the belt deflection device comprises three or more deflection points for deflecting the feeding belt; 
 the deflection points are formed by deflection rollers at the belt deflection device; 
 an upper or first of belt section, of the feeding belt, in a direction of feed is directed diagonally downward in the feed direction; 
 a second or a last of the belt section, of the feeding belt, is directed diagonally downward opposite to the feed direction; 
 a counterbelt has two or more straight belt sections with different orientations at the belt deflection device; 
 the upper or first straight belt section of the feeding belt and an upper or first of the straight belt sections of the counterbelt have different orientations and run diagonally to one another; and 
 the second or last straight belt section of the feeding belt and a second or last of the straight belt sections of the counterbelt are closely adjacent and run in essentially identical directions. 
 
     
     
       2. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein the feeding belt at the belt deflection device has two or more straight belt sections with different orientations. 
     
     
       3. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 2 , wherein the straight belt sections are arranged between the deflection rollers. 
     
     
       4. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein the feeding belt has a deflection angle of less than 90° at each of the three or more deflection points. 
     
     
       5. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 4 , wherein a first deflection angle and a third deflection angle are each greater than a second deflection angle. 
     
     
       6. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 5 , wherein the first deflection angle is between 55° and 70°. 
     
     
       7. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 5 , wherein the second deflection angle is between 40° and 55°. 
     
     
       8. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 5 , wherein the third deflection angle is the last deflection angle and is between 65° and 75°. 
     
     
       9. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein the other laying belt is a counterbelt and the belt deflection device for the counterbelt has three or more deflection rollers. 
     
     
       10. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein second or last straight belt sections of both laying belts run parallel to one another or with an acute angle conically to one another. 
     
     
       11. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein the upper carriage on the belt deflection device has a web guide with a plurality of sections, in which the fibrous web is guided first on one side and then on both sides. 
     
     
       12. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 3 , wherein a first open guiding section is formed between the first straight belt sections, whereby the fibrous web is guided on one side at the one feeding belt. 
     
     
       13. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 3 , wherein a following, closed guiding section is formed between the second or last straight belt sections of both laying belts, whereby the fibrous web is guided on both sides in clamping connection. 
     
     
       14. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein the main carriages are arranged movable parallel to one another and are driven and controlled independently. 
     
     
       15. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 1 , further comprising controlled belt drives for the rotary drive of the laying belts. 
     
     
       16. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 1 , further comprising a tensioning device with an auxiliary carriage arrangement, for the laying belts, which is coupled with the main carriages. 
     
     
       17. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein the laying belts are guided parallel in the area between the main carriages in a single straight section and clamp the fibrous web between them. 
     
     
       18. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 1 , further comprising a controlled pull-off device comprising a discharge belt, for the laid multilayer nonwoven formed from the fibrous web. 
     
     
       19. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein the crosslapper is arranged downstream of a web-forming a carder. 
     
     
       20. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein the crosslapper is arranged upstream of a nonwoven strengthening device a needle machine. 
     
     
       21. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 1 , wherein the deflection rollers of the belt deflection device comprise three or more deflection rollers for deflecting the counterbelt comprising three counterbelt deflection rollers arranged spaced a distance above one another and with respect to a direction of running of the counterbelt relative to the upper carriage, a first of the three counterbelt deflection rollers lies in front of a middle of the three counterbelt deflection rollers deflection roller and the middle of the three counterbelt deflection rollers lies in front of a lower deflection roller of the three counterbelt deflection rollers. 
     
     
       22. A crosslapper in accordance with  claim 21 , wherein the three or more deflection rollers for deflecting the counterbelt further comprises a fourth deflection roller for the counterbelt adjacent to the lower deflection roller, the fourth deflection roller deflecting the counterbelt by more than 180° whereby at an outlet of the upper carriage the counterbelt assumes a parallel and horizontal position relative to a lower run of the feeding belt. 
     
     
       23. A method in accordance with  claim 22  wherein the three or more deflection rollers for deflecting the counterbelt further comprises a fourth deflection roller for the counterbelt adjacent to the lower deflection roller, the fourth deflection roller deflecting the counterbelt by more than 180° whereby at an outlet of the upper carriage the counterbelt assumes a parallel and horizontal position relative to a lower run of the feeding belt. 
     
     
       24. A method for laying of a multilayer nonwoven, the method comprising the steps of:
 providing a crosslapper comprising main carriages comprising an upper carriage and a laying carriage and two endless laying belts, which are guided via deflection rollers on the main carriages, one of the laying belts comprising a feeding belt and carries a fibrous web and feeds the fibrous web to the upper carriage, and the upper carriage has a belt deflection device with the deflection rollers for both laying belts; 
 deflecting the feeding belt at the belt deflection device from a direction of feed into an opposite direction by about 180°; and 
 deflecting the feeding belt at the belt deflection device at three or more deflection points, wherein: 
 the deflection points are formed by deflection rollers at the belt deflection device; 
 an upper or first of belt section, of the feeding belt, in a direction of feed is directed diagonally downward in the feed direction; 
 a second or a last of the belt section, of the feeding belt, is directed diagonally downward opposite to the feed direction; 
 a counterbelt has two or more straight belt sections with different orientations at the belt deflection device; 
 the upper or first straight belt section of the feeding belt and an upper or first of the straight belt sections of the counterbelt have different orientations and run diagonally to one another; and 
 the second or last straight belt section of the feeding belt and a second or last of the straight belt sections of the counterbelt are closely adjacent and run in essentially identical directions. 
 
     
     
       25. A method in accordance with  claim 24 , wherein the deflection rollers of the belt deflection device comprise three or more deflection rollers for deflecting the counterbelt including three counterbelt deflection rollers arranged spaced a distance above one another and with respect to the direction of running of the counterbelt relative to the upper carriage, a first of the three counterbelt deflection rollers lies in front of a middle of the three counterbelt deflection rollers deflection roller and the middle of the three counterbelt deflection rollers lies in front of a lower deflection roller of the three counterbelt deflection rollers.