Subchondral treatment of joint pain of the spine

Abstract

Methods for altering the natural history of degenerative disc disease and osteoarthritis of the spine are proposed. The methods focus on the prevention, or delayed onset or progression of, subchondral defects such as bone marrow edema or bone marrow lesion, and subchondral treatment to prevent the progression of osteoarthritis or degenerative disc disease in the spine and thereby treat pain.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A method of injecting an injectable fluid material into a targeted treatment area in a subchondral region of a facet in a spinal segment of a patient for inhibiting progression of bone marrow edema identified in the subchondral region, the method comprising:
 identifying bone marrow edema in a facet in a spinal segment of a patient, the bone marrow edema occurring in a subchondral region of the facet, the subchondral region of the facet occurring under an articular surface of the facet; 
 creating, in the facet that contains the bone marrow lesion in the subchondral region, a subchondral injection path to a targeted treatment area for injecting an injectable fluid material into the targeted treatment area, wherein the targeted treatment area includes an area in the subchondral region where the bone marrow edema was identified, and wherein said creating preserves an existing condition of the articular surface of the facet; and 
 injecting an injectable fluid material into the targeted treatment area via the subchondral injection path so that at least some of the injectable fluid material is introduced into defective bone that remains in the identified bone marrow edema following said creating for becoming less fluid in the defective bone for reinforcing the defective bone, wherein the injectable fluid material includes an osteogenic, osteoconductive and/or osteoinductive material. 
 
     
     
       2. The method of  claim 1 , wherein said identifying includes identifying with MRI. 
     
     
       3. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the injectable fluid material is left in the targeted treatment area without also delivering and leaving a solid structural implant in the targeted treatment area in addition to the injectable fluid material. 
     
     
       4. The method of  claim 1 , wherein said creating is conducted without further creating a void inside the facet in or adjacent to the targeted treatment area. 
     
     
       5. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the injectable fluid material includes bone marrow. 
     
     
       6. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the injectable fluid material includes a calcium phosphate. 
     
     
       7. The method of  claim 1 , wherein said creating is performed percutaneously. 
     
     
       8. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the subchondral injection path is created with a needle. 
     
     
       9. A method of injecting an injectable fluid material into a targeted treatment area in a subchondral region of a facet in a spinal segment of a patient for inhibiting progression of bone marrow edema identified in the subchondral region, the method comprising:
 identifying bone marrow edema in a facet in a spinal segment of a patient so as to establish an identified bone marrow edema, the identified bone marrow edema occurring in a subchondral region of the facet, the subchondral region of the facet occurring under an articular surface of the facet; 
 targeting a treatment area in the subchondral region of the facet so as to establish a targeted treatment area for receiving treatment, wherein the targeted treatment area includes an area in the identified bone marrow edema; 
 creating, in the facet that contains the bone marrow lesion in the subchondral region, a subchondral injection path to the targeted treatment area for injecting an injectable fluid material into the targeted treatment area, wherein said creating preserves an existing condition of the articular surface of the facet; and 
 injecting an injectable fluid material into the targeted treatment area via the subchondral injection path so that at least some of the injectable fluid material is introduced into defective bone that remains in the identified bone marrow edema following said creating for becoming less fluid in the defective bone for reinforcing the defective bone, wherein the injectable fluid material is left in the targeted treatment area without also delivering and leaving a solid structural implant in the targeted treatment area in addition to the injectable fluid material, and wherein the injectable fluid material includes an osteogenic, osteoconductive and/or osteoinductive material. 
 
     
     
       10. The method of  claim 9 , wherein said identifying includes identifying with MRI. 
     
     
       11. The method of  claim 9 , wherein said creating is conducted without further creating a void inside the facet in or adjacent to the targeted treatment area. 
     
     
       12. The method of  claim 9 , wherein the targeted treatment area is in the identified bone marrow edema in the subchondral region of the facet. 
     
     
       13. The method of  claim 9 , wherein the targeted treatment area is in and adjacent to the identified bone marrow edema in the subchondral region of the facet. 
     
     
       14. The method of  claim 9 , wherein the injectable fluid material includes bone marrow. 
     
     
       15. The method of  claim 9 , wherein the injectable fluid material includes a calcium phosphate. 
     
     
       16. The method of  claim 9 , wherein said creating is performed percutaneously. 
     
     
       17. The method of  claim 9 , wherein the subchondral injection path is created with a needle.