High impedance circuit for injection locked magnetrons

Abstract

A high impedance circuit has radially disposed first vanes and radially disposed second vanes interdigitating between the first vanes. The first vanes and the second vanes are each interconnected by a first toroidal strap and a second toroidal strap, respectively. The first strap and the second strap are disposed co-axially on opposite sides of the vane structure. The vanes and straps are dimensioned so that the circuit has a single cavity impedance commensurate with a predetermined interaction impedance for the oscillator which is sufficient to sustain oscillation for a preselected injection locking band-width of the oscillator.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A high impedance circuit for an anode ring in an injection locked oscillator, said anode ring having an inner cavity, said circuit comprising: a plurality of first radial vanes coaxially positionable in said cavity;   a plurality of second radial vanes interdigitating with said first vanes to form a vane structure;   said first and second vanes each having a relatively narrow high inductance portion;   a first toroidal strap coaxially disposed along a .[.first.]. side of said vane structure, said first strap interconnecting said first vanes;   a second toroidal strap coaxially disposed along .[.the second.]. .Iadd.a .Iaddend.side of said vane structure, said second strap interconnecting said second vanes;   said first and second straps each having a relatively low capacitance due to said toroidal shape; and   said first vanes, said second vanes, said first strap, and said second strap being dimensioned so that said circuit has a high single cavity impedance commensurate with an interaction impedance of said oscillator which is sufficient to sustain oscillation for a preselected injection locking bandwidth of said oscillator.   
     
     
       2. A circuit as set forth in claim 1, wherein: said injection locking bandwidth, ΔF, is given by:   ΔF=2F.sub.o (P.sub.i /P.sub.o).[..sup.178 .]. .Iadd..sup.1/2.Iaddend. /Q.sub.e     wherein F o  is the frequency of said oscillator, P o  is the power out of said oscillator, P i  is the injected coherent power, and Q e  is the external Q of said oscillator;   further wherein:   said interaction impedance, Z int , is given by:   Z.sub.int =Q.sub.l (L/C).sup.1/2     wherein Q l  is the loaded Q of said circuit, and (L/C).[. 178  .]. .Iadd. 1/2  .Iaddend. is said high single cavity impedance of said circuit; and     further wherein:   said loaded Q, Q l , is given by:   1/Q.sub.l =1/Q.sub.o +1/Q.sub.e     wherein Q o  is the unloaded Q of said circuit.     
     
     
       3. The circuit as set forth in claim 2, wherein said interactive impedance is at least 5000 ohms. 
     
     
       4. A circuit as set forth in claim 1, wherein each of said first vanes and said second vanes are identically configured, having a relatively wide .[.high conductance.]. first portion radially proximate to an axis of said cavity and a second portion formed by said relatively narrow high inductance portion extending radially outward from said first portion where said narrow second portion connects said first and second vanes to said anode ring. 
     
     
       5. A circuit as set forth in claim 1, wherein said first vanes and said second vanes are T-shaped. 
     
     
       6. A circuit as set forth in claim 5, wherein: said first T-shaped vanes have a mounting portion between the top of said T-shape and one side of said narrow portion of said T-shape for connecting said first toroidal strap thereto;   said second T-shaped vanes have a mounting portion between the top of said T-shape and the opposite side of said narrow portion of said T-shape for connecting said second toroidal strap thereto; and   said first vanes and said second vanes are identically shaped and oppositely disposed within said anode ring.   
     
     
       7. A high impedance circuit for an anode ring in an injection locked magnetron, comprising: a plurality of vanes each having a narrow portion .[.for increasing the inductance of said circuit.]..Iadd., said circuit having an increased inductance due to said narrow portion.Iaddend.;   at least one strap having a toroidal shape .[.including a circular cross-section for decreasing the capacitance of said circuit.]..Iadd., said circuit having a decreased capacitance due to said toroidal shape.Iaddend.;   wherein the combination of said increased inductance and decreased capacitance increases the impedance of said circuit.   
     
     
       8. A circuit as set forth in claim 7, wherein: said plurality of vanes are T-shaped.   
     
     
       9. A circuit as set forth in claim 8, wherein: said plurality of T-shaped vanes each include an annular channel between the top of said T-shaped vane and said narrow portion thereof;   said vanes are mounted within said circuit with said channel up and, alternately, with said channel down; and   said at least one strap includes two straps, a first strap for electrical connection to said plurality of vanes with said channel in said up mounted position and a second strap for electrical connection to said plurality of vanes with said channel in said down mounted position. .Iadd.   
     
     
       10.  A high impedance circuit for an injection locked oscillator having an inner cavity, said circuit comprising: a plurality of vanes coaxially positionable in said cavity; and   at least one strap interconnecting a portion of said vanes, said vanes and strap being dimensioned so that said circuit has a high single cavity impedance commensurate with an interaction impedance of said oscillator which is sufficient to sustain oscillation for a preselected injection locking bandwidth of said oscillator;   wherein said injection locking bandwidth, ΔF, is given by: ##EQU1## wherein F o  is the frequency of said oscillator, P o  is power out of said oscillator, P i  is the injected coherent power, and Q e  is the external Q of said oscillator;   further wherein said interaction impedance, Z int , is given by: ##EQU2## wherein Q l  is the loaded Q of said circuit, and (L/C) 1/2  is said high single cavity impedance of said circuit; and   further wherein Q l  is given by: ##EQU3## wherein Q o  is the unloaded Q of the circuit and said interaction impedance is at least 5,000 ohms. .Iaddend. .Iadd.   
     
     
       11.  A circuit as set forth in claim 10, wherein said plurality of vanes are generally T-shaped. .Iaddend. .Iadd.12. A circuit as set forth in claim 10, wherein said plurality of vanes includes first vanes interdigitally disposed in said cavity with second vanes. .Iaddend. .Iadd.13. A circuit as set forth in claim 12, wherein each of said first vanes and said second vanes are identically configured, having a relatively wide first portion radially proximate to an axis of said cavity and a relatively narrow high inductance second portion extending radially outward from said first portion where said narrow second portion connects 
     
     
        said first and second vanes to said circuit. .Iaddend. .Iadd.14.  A circuit as set forth in claim 13, wherein said at least one strap includes two straps, a first strap electrically connecting said first vanes and a second strap electrically connecting said second vanes. .Iaddend. 
     
     
        .Iadd.     A circuit as set forth in claim 14, wherein said straps have a toroidal shape including a circular cross-section providing decreased capacitance of said circuit. .Iaddend. .Iadd.16. A circuit as set forth in claim 14, wherein said first vanes have a first mounting portion on a first side between said wide portion and said narrow portion, said first strap being connected to said first vanes at said first mounting portion. .Iaddend. .Iadd.17. A circuit as set forth in claim 16, wherein said second vanes have a second mounting portion on a second side between said wide portion and said narrow portion, said second strap being connected to 
     
     
        said second vanes at said second mounting portion. .Iaddend. .Iadd.18.  A circuit as set forth in claim 12, wherein said first vanes and said second vanes are oppositely disposed within said circuit. .Iaddend. .Iadd.19. A circuit as set forth in claim 10, further comprising an anode ring providing said cavity. .Iaddend. .Iadd.20. A circuit as set forth in claim 10, wherein said oscillator is a magnetron. .Iaddend.